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Abstrak :
Ikan manyung termasuk dalam suku Aridae dan merupakan salah satu ikan dasar (damersal). Berdasarkan data menunjukkan jumlah pemanfaatan ikan untuk dijadikan produk ikan asin mencapai 45.795,13 ton, sedangkan unit pengolahan ikan asin pada tahun 2010 mencapai 23.876 unit. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menentukan status dan strategi keberlanjutan usaha ikan asin di Kabupaten Indramayu. Metode yang dilakukan meliputi aspek biologi dengan metode surplus produksi, status keberlanjutan menggunakan metode rapfish dan strategi keberlanjutan dengan metode AHP Aspek biologi ikan manyung di Kabupaten Indramayu menunjukkan bahwa pertumbuhan ikan yang tertangkap dan didaratkan adalah alometrik negatif. Nisbah kelamin menunjukkan bahwa ikan manyung betina lebih banyak dengan perbandingan 1:1,2 dan 1:1,1. Berdasarkan TKG diketahui bahwa ikan manyung yang tertangkap kebayakan pada TKG 2 dengan prosentase sebesar 31%, sehingga banyak ikan manyung yang tertangkap dalam kondisi belum matang gonad. Hasil analisis potensial lestari (MSY) sumberdaya ikan Manyung di Kabupaten Indramayu menunjukkan nilai sebesar 1.803.561 kg/tahun, dalam hal ini tingkat pemanfaatan ikan manyung di Kabupaten Indramayu pada tahun 2011 telah melebihi nilai MSY. Status keberlanjutan usaha ikan asin di lokasi penelitian dengan indeks keberlanjutan multidimensi diperoleh nilai sebesar 50,60 dengan urutan prioritas strategi yang perlu dilakukan adalah sebagai berikut penguatan pola usaha dan peningkatan akses pemasaran, bimbingan dalam melakukan penanganan dan penyimpanan produk akhir serta peningkatan pendidikan, pelatihan dan penyuluhan pengolahan hasil perikanan, sosialisasi terhadap peranan sektor pengolahan, peningkatan kesempatan lapangan kerja, pengembangan usaha pengolahan dalam menghasilkan pendapatan, penentuan ukuran ikan manyung yang boleh di tangkap dan pengaturan dalam melakukan eksploitasi ikan manyung

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Fish giant catfish (Aridae) is one of endemic fish (demersal). Based on data showing the amount of utilization of fish to be used as salted fish products reached 45,795.13 tons and the salted fish processing units reached 23,876 units. This research aimed to determine the status and sustainability strategies salted fish business in the regency of Indramayu. Methods that include on the biological aspects with method surplus production, sustainability using rapfish and sustainability strategies with the method of AHP The biological aspect of caught and landed giant catfishin Indramayu District hasnegative allometric growth. Sex ratio shows that the number of female giant catfish is more than the male, with ratio of 1:1,2 and 1:1,1. Based on gonad maturation stage, 31% of the caught giant catfish were suspected in second stageor immature gonads. The maximum sustainable yield (MSY) analysis for giant catfish in Indramayu regency in 2011 shows value of 1.803.561 kg/tahun, it means the utilization levels of giant catfish in Indramayu regency in 2011 have exceeded MSY. The multidimensional sustainability index of salted fish processing business place of research shows the value of 50.60 with strategic priorities that need to be done is strengthening the salted fish processing business, improving the market access, intensifying the training, educating and counseling in fish handling,fish processing and fish product keeping,disseminating information about the role of the salted fish processing sector, increasingthe employment opportunities in salted fish processing sector, supporting the salted fish processing business to generate their income, determining the size of giant sea catfish which allowed to catch and regulating the exploitation of giant catfish.

Abstrak :
ABSTRAK
Sumber daya ikan tongkol merupakan salah satu komoditas perikanan unggulan utama di wilayah selatan Garut. Sumber daya ikan tersebut secara terus menerus dieksploitasi. Diperlukan upaya pengelolaan yang berperan untuk menjaga keberlanjutan dari sumber daya ikan tersebut. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kondisi sumber daya ikan tongkol (Auxis thazard), status keberlanjutan, serta strategi pengelolaannya. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini yaitu metode surplus produksi, analisis hubungan panjang berat, seks rasio, tingkat kematangan gonad serta ukuran pertama kali matang gonad (metode Spearman-Karber), metode RAPFISH (The Rapid Appraisal of The Status of Fisheries) serta interfensi dan perbaikan terhadap atribut sensitif. Hasil menunjukkan status eksploitasi sumber daya ikan tongkol dalam kategori over exploited. Aspek biologi dari ikan tongkol ini menunjukkan pertumbuhan allometrik negative dengan seks rasio ikan jantan dan betina tidak seimbang dan TKG bulan September didominasi ikan pada tingkat IV (Ripe) sedangkan bulan Oktober didominasi oleh ikan tingkat II (maturing virgin), ukuran pertama kali matang gonad adalah 315.9 mm. Status keberlanjutan sumber daya ikan tongkol (Auxis thazard) secara multidimensi termasuk kategori kurang berkelanjutan. Strategi pengelolaan jangka pendek meliputi peningkatan kualitas sumber daya manusia masyarakat nelayan, pemberdayaan masyarakat nelayan melalui mata pencarian alternatif dan pengembangan alat tangkap ramah lingkungan (memiliki selektifitas tinggi). Strategi pengelolaan jangka menengah meliputi optimalisasi peningkatan kualitas sumber daya manusia, optimalisasi pemberdayaan masyarakat nelayan melalui mata pencarian alternatif serta optimalisasi pengembangan alat tangkap ramah lingkungan dan penambahan armada kapal di atas 10 GT.

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ABSTRACT
Frigate tuna resources is one of the major commodity has a strategic role as one of the main components driving the economy in the southern region of Garut. That fisheries resources was exploited continouesly. It required the efforts that contribute to maintaining the sustainability of fish resources. This study aims to determine the condition of the tuna resources (Auxis thazard) which consists of estimates of resource potential and biological aspects, assess the status of sustainability, and determining of management strategies. The studies use surplus production models, methods for analizing sex racio, gonad maturity stage and Spearman Karber Methods (length at first maturity), and RAPFISH methods (The Rapid Appraisal of The Status of Fisheries). Results shows that exploitation status of frigate tuna (Auxis thazard) is over exploited. Biological aspect of frigate tuna shows the growth is negative allometrik, sex ratio of male and female is not balance. Maturity stages of the gonad on September was dominated by level four (Ripe), while on October was dominated by level two (maturing virgin); and the length of maturity of female is 315.9 mm. Result rapfish analizys shows that sustainability indexs of frigate tuna on the southern sea of Garut is less sustainable. Strategies for short term’s management i.e improving the quality of human resources of fishing communities, empowerment of fishing communities with alternative livelihoods, and development of fishing gear that has high selectivity. The medium-term management includes optimization to improve the quality of human resource fishing community in the southern Garut, optimization of the fishing community empowerment through alternative livelihood development and optimization of gear that has a higher selectivity.

Abstrak :
Pangkalan Pendaratan Ikan (PPI) Karangsong adalah penyumbang produksi ikan tenggiri (Scomberomorus commerson, Lacepede 1800) terbesar di Kabupaten Indramayu tahun 2013 sebesar 21,02%. Puncak produksi ikan tenggiri tertinggi pada bulan Mei (Musim Peralihan I). Ikan tenggiri dari laut Jawa (perairan Indramayu dan sekitarnya) yang didaratkan sebesar 5-10% merupakan ikan khas dan primadona hasil tangkapan nelayan Kabupaten Indramayu, ukuran panjang cagak ikan tenggiri yang tertangkap didominasi ikan belum matang gonad. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memperoleh data dan informasi serta menganalisis aspek perikanan dan aspek biologi ikan tenggiri yang didaratkan di PPI Karangsong meliputi daerah penangkapan, komposisi hasil tangkapan, dan produksi. Sedangkan aspek biologi meliputi sebaran frekuensi panjang, hubungan panjang-bobot, perbandingan jenis kelamin, ukuran pertama kali tertangkap, ukuran pertama kali matang gonad, tingkat kematangan gonad, indeks kematangan gonad, jumlah telur, diameter telur, makanan, dan faktor kondisi. Metode pengambilan sampel secara acak dari hasil tangkapan jaring millenium dan jaring rampus di perairan Indramayu dan sekitarnya yang didaratkan di PPI Karangsong. Sebaran frekuensi panjang ikan tenggiri diperoleh dengan mengelompokan ukuran panjang ikan dengan interval kelas 3 cm, hasil tangkapan jaring millenium 34-105 cm didominasi 58-69 cm yaitu ikan tenggiri belum matang gonad 63% dan ikan matang gonad 37%, hasil tangkapan jaring rampus 28-99 cm didominasi 64-69 cm yaitu ikan tenggiri belum matang gonad 73% dan ikan matang gonad 27%. Ukuran pertama kali tertangkap (Lc) dengan jaring millenium sebesar 63,80 cm, dengan jaring rampus sebesar 58,60 cm. Ukuran pertama kali matang gonad ikan betina panjang FL sebesar 74,83 cm. Nisbah kelamin rata-rata ikan jantan dan betina adalah 1,3:1,0. Hasil uji-t terhadap hubungan panjang-bobot secara keseluruhan diperoleh sifat pertumbuhan ikan tenggiri di perairan Indramayu dan sekitarnya adalah alometrik negatif. Jumlah telur berkisar 41.300-246.526 butir pada panjang 60-68 cm, diameter telur berkisar antara 0,44-0,85 mm. Pola pemijahan ikan tenggiri secara bertahap (partial spawning).

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Karangsong Fishing Port is a fish landing base that contribute the biggest of mackerel production (Scomberomorus commerson, Lacepede 1800) in Indramayu in 2013, which is around 21.02%. The highest peak of mackerel production is on May (First in between season). 5-10% of mackerel from the Indramayu and its surrounding waters (Coastal of Java) is typical and excellent fish caught by fishermen in Indramayu district. The length size of mackerels are dominated by immature gonad fish. The objective study is to obtain data and information regarding with fisheries and biological aspects of mackerel that were landed in Karangsong Fishing Port. The fishing ports include fishing areas, cathing composition and production. The biological aspects are about length frequency distribution, lengthweight relationship, sex ratio, size of the fish on first captured, size of the first ripe gonads, gonad maturity level, gonad maturation index, fecundity egg, egg diameter, foods, and condition factors. Sampling method was done randomly in this study on two fishing gears (nets millennium and nets rampus) in Indramayu and surrounding waters for mackerels which are landed in Karangsong Fishing Port. Length frequency distribution was obtained by classifying mackerels fish length at intervals of 3 cm class. The result of mackerels catch using millennium nets at size of 34-105 cm, dominated by size 58-69 cm which were immature mackerels 63% and 37% of mature fish. Mackerel that were caught by rampus nets at size 28-99 cm, were dominated by 64-69 cm, which were immature mackerel fish 73% and 27% of mature fish. Mackerels size (Lc) that are first caught by millennium nets was 63.80 cm, and by rampus nets was 58.60 cm. The size of the first mature female fish gonads was in lenght FL 74.83 cm. Average sex ratio of males and females was 1.3:1. T-test results of the length-weight relationship showed that mackerels growth characteristics in Indramayu and surrounding waters were negatively allometric. Fecundity of mackerel were ranged 41.300-246.526 egg at 60-68 cm length, diameter ranged from 0.44 to 0.85 mm. Spawning pattern of mackerel was egg partial spawner.

Abstrak :
Kabupaten Cirebon yang memiliki wilayah pesisir dan daerah pantai, tentu menjadikan sektor perikanan sebagai salah satu sektor unggulan. Rajungan merupakan salah satu komoditas yang sangat penting di Kabupaten tersebut, yang tercatat pada tahun 2010 menghasilkan 17% dari total hasil tangkapan yaitu 4756,3 ton. Akan tetapi pada akhir-akhir ini di daerah Cirebon, rajungan telah mengalami overfishing. Tesis ini mempelajari tentang biologi, kualitas air dan perikanan rajungan Portunus pelagicus di Cirebon. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah mengetahui aspek biologi rajungan di Cirebon, menganalisis potensi rajungan di Cirebon terkait isu overfishing, menganalisis parameter lingkungan dari perairan Cirebon, dan memahami aspek sosial nelayan rajungan di Cirebon. Penelitian menunjukkan bahwa secara umum rajungan jantan lebih banyak tertangkap dengan rasio jenis kelamin 1,6:1, rajungan jantan juga memiliki ukuran tubuh relatif lebih besar dibandingkan dengan rajungan betina. Fekunditas rajungan betina bertelur berkisar antara 1,69 juta sampai dengan 1,95 juta butir telur dengan tingkat kematangan gonad (TKG) ada direntang antara TKG II sampai dengan TKG V. Panjang rajungan pertama kali matang gonad (Lm) berada pada nilai 115,89 mm dan panjang rajungan pertama kali tertangkap (Lc) berada pada nilai 117,93 mm. Di Cirebon, nilai maximum sustainable yield (MSY) rajungan sebesar 3190,5 ton/tahun, dan fMSY rajungan sebesar 341 unit armada penangkapan. Rajungan berada pada kondisi tangkap lebih. Lingkungan perairan sumberdaya rajungan, memiliki kisaran suhu antara 28°C dan 29°C, salinitas antara 25 ? dan 30 ?, derajat keasaman (pH) antara 7 dan 8, dan tingkat kecerahan antara 4 dan 5 meter.

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Cirebon District has a huge coastal areas, due to this condition, the district become to have a great fisheries, especially for swimming crab Portunus pelagicus fisheries. For instants, in 2010, the product of blue crab was recorded about 17% or 4756,3 ton in year. This research is aimed to study about the biology, water quality and swimming crab fisheries of Portunus pelagicus in Cirebon areas. The purpose of this study are to know the biology aspect of Portunus pelagicus in Cirebon, to analyze the potential of Portunus pelagicus in Cirebon due to overfishing issue, to analyze environmental parameter of waters in Cirebon, and to understand social aspects of swimming crab fisherman in Cirebon. The research shows that in general, the sex ratio of male-female is 1,6 : 1, the male has relatively large body size compared with the female. The fecundity of the female has ranges between 1,69 million and 1,95 million eggs with mature level of gonads (TKG) between TKG II and TKG V. The length of its first ripe gonads (Lm) is 115,89 mm and the length of its first caught (Lc) is 117,93 mm. In Cirebon, the value of maximum sustainable yield (MSY) are 3190,5 tons per year, and fMSY are 341 units capture fleet. This crab is on the overfishing condition. Waters environmental parameters have the temperature range between 28°C and 29°C, the salinity between 25 ? - 30 ?, the degrees of acidity (pH) between 7 and 8, and the level of brightness between 4 and 5 meters.

Abstrak :
Ikan layang (Decapterus russelli) merupakan hasil tangkapan utama pukat cincin mini di Laut Jawa. Perubahan iklim dan tingginya upaya penangkapan diduga mempengaruhi aspek biologi ikan layang. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis dan merumuskan upaya penangkapan berdasarkan aspek lingkungan dan biologi ikan layang dengan pukat cincin mini di Laut Jawa yang didaratkan di PPN Pekalongan. Metode yang digunakan yaitu hubungan panjang - berat, pengamatan TKG, indeks preponderan, kurva logistik (Lc), Spearman-Karber (Lm), salinitas dan suhu, sensus plankton, dan CPUE. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pada periode Oktober 2013 hingga Februari 2014, ikan layang sebagian besar masih muda dan belum matang gonad serta belum memijah saat tertangkap. Kondisi lingkungan berupa salinitas dan suhu masih mendukung kehidupan ikan layang. Terdapat peningkatan CPUE pada tahun 2011 dan 2012, namun menurun drastis pada tahun 2013 karena peningkatan upaya penangkapan.

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Russell`s Scad (Decapterus russelli) is the major catches by mini purse seine in the Java Sea. Climate changes and exceeded fishing efforts has estimatedly affected the biology of Russell`s Scad. The aim of this study is to analyze and formulate fishing effort based on environmental and biological aspects of Russell`s Scad caught by mini purse seine in the Java Sea and landed at PPN Pekalongan. The methods used is length - weigth relationship, gonad maturity stages observations, index of preponderance, logistic curve (Lc), Spearman-Karber (Lm), salinity and temperature, plankton census, and CPUE. The results show that in the period October 2013 to Februarry 2014, Russell`s Scad mostly young and immature gonads and spawn yet when caught. Environmental conditions such as salinity and temperature are still supporting fish life. The CPUE was increased in 2011 and 2012 but dropped in 2013, drastically due to increasing in fishing efforts.