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"Infeksi Soil Transmitted Helminth (STH) memiliki pravelensi yang cukup tinggi di wilayah Indonesia. Salah satu resiko paling tinggi infeksi menyerang anakanak sekolah. WHO telah mencanangkan program eliminasi infeksi STH di Dunia termasuk di Indonesia hingga tahun 2020 dengan mengembangkan metodemetode diagnosis infeksi STH. Metode diagnosis harus memiliki t ingkat sensit ifitas dan spesifitas yang tinggi dalam mendeteksi keberadaan telur pada pemeriksaan sampel feses. Salah satu metode yang tengah dikembangkan yaitu Metode FLOTAC dan Mini FLOTAC. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk membandingkan metode FLOTAC dan Mini FLOTAC dalam mendeteksi sampel feses. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan analisis statistik metode Flotac dan Mini FLOTAC tidak memiliki perbedaan signifikan dalam hal sensitivitas, spesifisitas, hasil rerata positif maupun intensitas telur sehingga dalam implememtasinya, metode Mini FLOTAC dapat dijadikan alternatif untuk melakukan studi epidemiologi di lapangan karena lebih praktis dan minimnya biaya yang dibutuhkan.

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Soil Transmitted Helminth (STH) Infect ions having the relat ively high prevalence in Indonesia. The highest rist of infect ion attacks School Aged Children. World Health Organization (WHO) has init iated eliminat ion and control programme of STH infect ions around the world including Indonesia by developing deiagnosis method of STH. A method should have the high level of sensit ivity and specificity which could detect the presence of STH?s eggs in sample examinat ions. There are new mult ivalent methods has been developed such as Flotac and Mini Flotac. This study aimed to compare both of method in detecting eggs inside the samples to get the which method has higher value of sensit ivity and specificity.

The results showed that Flotac and Mini Flotacd has no significant differences of sensit ivity, specificity, mean of positive results and intensity of eggs. So that, in implementation, Mini Flotac is a quiete realiable to use in epidemiology study and less cost to detect STH infections."

"Telah dilakukan penelitian pada Macaca nigra di penangkaran. Penelitian dilakukan untuk mengetahui strategi adaptasi yaki yang hidup di Pusat Primata Schmutzer, Taman Margasatwa Ragunan, Jakarta melalui pengamatan perilaku makan. Penelitian pada empat individu yaki (1 jantan dan 3 betina) dilakukan selama bulan April 2013--Mei 2013 menggunakan metode scan animal sampling dan ad libitum sampling. Jumlah jam pengamatan setiap hari adalah 4 jam sehingga total pengamatan selama 20 hari adalah 80 jam. Jumlah titik sampel per harinya berjumlah 48 sampel sehingga total titik sampel selama 20 hari adalah 960 titik sampel. Tabulasi data disajikan dalam bentuk tabel dan grafik serta dianalisis secara deskriptif. Rerata aktivitas makan harian masing-masing individu menunjukkan bahwa Jenny (betina dewasa usia 8 tahun) merupakan individu dengan rerata aktivitas makan tertinggi (60.32 ± 0.08%), diikuti dengan Nonik (betina dewasa usia 14 tahun) (58.06 ± 0.11%), Rani (betina muda usia 2 tahun) (55.05 ± 0.08%), dan Ramos (jantan dewasa usia 13 tahun) (45.27 ± 0.07%). Perbedaan frekuensi aktivitas makan antara kelompok yaki di penangkaran dengan kelompok yaki di alam menunjukkan adanya strategi adaptasi tersendiri pada kelompok yaki tersebut terhadap habitatnya.

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It has been done research on Macaca nigra in captivity. A study on adaptation strategies of yaki whose living in Schmutzer Primate Center, Ragunan Zoo, Jakarta through observation of feeding behavior. Research on four individuals yaki (1 male and 3 females) have been done during April 2013--May 2013 using the scan animal sampling and ad libitum sampling methods. The number of hours of observation each day is 4 hours so the total observation period of 20 days is 80 hours. Tabulation of the data presented in tables and graphs and analyzed descriptively. The mean of daily feeding activity of each individual showed that Jenny (8 years old adult female) is an individual with the highest mean feeding activity (60.32 ± 0.08%) followed by Nonik (14 years old adult female) (58.06 ± 0.11%), Rani (2 years old young female) (55.05 ± 0.08%), and Ramos (13 years old adult male) (45.27 ± 0.07%). The difference of feeding behaviour frequencies between yaki group in captivity and nature shows distinct adaptation strategy toward their habitat."

"ABSTRAK

Telah dilakukan penelitian yang bertujuan mengetahui potensi hepatoprotektif madu PS terhadap kadar alkali fosfatase (ALP) mencit (Mus musculus L.) jantan galur DDY. Dua puluh empat ekor mencit jantan dibagi ke dalam 4 kelompok hewan uji, yaitu kelompok kontrol normal (KK1) yang diberikan akuades dan minyak kelapa; kelompok kontrol perlakuan (KK2) yang diberikan akuades dan CCl4; serta 2 kelompok perlakuan (KP1 dan KP2) yang diberikan madu PS 10% dan 20% selama 14 hari berturut-turut, kemudian CCl4 2 jam setelah pemberian madu terakhir. Darah diambil 24 jam setelah injeksi CCl4. Kadar ALP diukur dengan metode kolorimetri. Hasil uji anova satu arah (P<0,05) menunjukkan adanya pengaruh nyata pemberian madu PS terhadap kadar ALP semua hewan uji. Dibandingkan kadar ALP KK2, kadar ALP KP1 lebih rendah 30,5% dan KP2 lebih rendah 52,9%. Namun, uji LSD (P<0,05) menunjukkan hanya kadar ALP KP2 yang tidak berbeda nyata dengan KK1. Berdasarkan hasil tersebut, disimpulkan bahwa potensi hepatoprotektif madu PS 20% lebih besar dibandingkan madu PS 10%.

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ABSTRACT

The study has been conducted to know the hepatoprotective potency of PS honey administration on male-DDY mice’s alkaline phosphatase level of blood plasma. Twenty four male mice were divided into four groups, namely normal control group (KK1) which was administered with aquadest and coconut oil; treatment control group (KK2) which was administered with aquadest and CCl4; and two treatment groups which was administered with PS honey 10% (KP1) and 20% (KP2) within 14 consecutive days and three groups (KK2, KP1,and KP2) were injected with CCl4 on the 14th day. Alkaline phosphatase was measured based on colorimetry method. One-way anova test (P<0,05) showed that alkaline phosphatase levels were significantly different. Compared with KK2, the alkaline phosphatase levels of KP1 and KP2 were 30,5% and 52,9% lesser than KK2, consecutively. However, LSD test (P<0,05) showed that only alkaline phosphatase level of KP2 was not significantly different. In conclusion, dose 20% of PS honey is more potential on hepatoprotective than those of 10%.

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"Telah dilakukan penelitian terhadap aktivitas anak orangutan tanpa keberadaaan induk di Kebun Binatang Tamansari, Bandung. Penelitian bertujuan untuk mengamati aktivitas dan mengetahui proporsi waktu terhadap aktivitas dari tiga individu anak orangutan yang diasuh tanpa keberadaan induk di Kebun Binatang Tamansari, Bandung. Pengambilan data aktivitas dilakukan dengan menggunakan metode scan sampling dan ad libitum pada satu ekor anak orangutan betina (Kiki usia 6 tahun 3 bulan) dan dua ekor anak orangutan jantan (Atim, usia 7 tahun 3 bulan, dan Idul, 5 tahun 6 bulan) selama 35 hari. Pencatatan aktivitas terbagi menjadi aktivitas mandiri (makan, istirahat, bergerak, bermain sendiri, dan menelisik diri sendiri) dan interaksi sosial (menelisik individu lain, bermain dengan individu lain, interaksi dengan keeper, dan agresi). Hasil pengamatan menunjukkan bahwa anak orangutan memiliki aktivitas dari tinggi ke rendah yaitu makan (50,94 %), bermain dengan individu lain (16,30 %), istirahat (10,40 %), bermain sendiri (9,33 %), bergerak (7,35 %), menelisik diri sendiri (2,60 %), interaksi dengan keeper (2,11 %), agresi (0,55 %), dan menelisik individu lain (0,44 %). Aktivitas makan dan istirahat meningkat pada siang hari, sedangkan aktivitas bergerak, bermain sendiri, bermain dengan individu lain, dan interaksi dengan keeper mengalami penurunan pada siang hari.

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A study on activity pattern of orangutan juveniles without the presence of mothers had been done at Kebun Binatang Tamansari, Bandung, Indonesia. The aim of the studies were to observe the activity pattern and determine the proportion of time on the activity pattern of three orangutan juvenile taken care of without the existence of orangutan mother at Kebun Binatang Tamansari, Bandung. Methods of scan sampling and ad libitum were used to observe the activity of the female juvenile orangutan named Kiki (age 6 years and 3 months) and two male juvenile orangutan named Atim and Idul (aged 7 years and 3 months and 5 years 6 months) during 35 days. Recording the activity is divided into independent activity (feeding, resting, moving, solitary playing, and autogrooming) and social interaction (allogrooming, social playing, interaction with keeper, and aggression). The results show orangutan juveniles had the activities from high to low which are feeding (50.94 %), social playing (16.30 %), resting (10.40 %), solitary playing (9.33 %), moving (7.35 %), autogrooming (2.60 %), interaction with the keeper (2.11 %), aggression (0.55 %), and allogrooming (0.44 %). Feeding and resting increased in the afternoon, while moving, solitary playing, social playing, and interaction with the keeper decreased in the afternoon."

"ABSTRAKTelah dilakukan studi mengenai perilaku Macaca fascicularis hasil sitaanpertunjukan topeng monyet. Tujuan penelitian adalah untuk mengamati proporsiperilaku stereotipe dalam aktivitas harian M. fascicularis hasil sitaan pertunjukantopeng monyet. Penelitian juga bertujuan untuk mengetahui perbandinganproporsi perilaku stereotipe antara kelompok M. fascicularis hasil sitaan.Penelitian dilakukan di Balai Kesehatan Hewan dan Ikan DKI Jakarta pada bulanAgustus sampai Oktober 2014. Metode yang digunakan adalah scan instantaneoussampling dan ad libitum sampling terhadap delapan individu dari keempatkelompok yang ada. Pencatatan dilakukan pada aktivitas harian M. fascicularisdengan penekanan pada perilaku stereotipe. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwapersentase perilaku stereotipe pada masing-masing kelompok adalah kelompokJoni 5,32 ± 5,15%; Heineken 0,87 ± 4,2%; Pop 0,4 ± 1,93%; dan Coki 0%. Jenisperilaku stereotipe yang teramati pada penelitian ini meliputi pacing (bergerakmengitari daerah tertentu dalam kandang berulang kali), rocking (menggoyangkanbagian atas tubuh ke depan dan belakang), bouncing (meloncat), hair plucking(mencabuti rambut dari tubuh sendiri), dan self biting (mengigit tubuh sendiri).Tidak terdapat perbedaan yang signifikan terhadap perilaku stereotipe antarkelompok (uji Kruskal-Wallis, P value 0,09011, α = 0,05).

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ABSTRACTA study on the behavior of confiscated Macaca fascicularis from masked monkeyshows has been conducted. This research aims to observe the proportion ofstereotypic behavior in the daily activities of confiscated M. fascicularis frommasked monkey shows and to compare the proportion of stereotypic behaviorbetween groups of confiscated M. fascicularis. Research has been conducted atthe Jakarta Health Center for Animal and Fish from August to October 2014. Scaninstantaneous sampling and ad libitum sampling were conducted on eightindividuals from the four existing groups. The recording was made on the dailyactivities of M. fascicularis with an emphasis on stereotypic behavior. Resultsshowed that the percentage of stereotypic behavior in each group are as follows,Joni 5,32 ± 5,15%; Heineken 0,87 ± 4,2%; Pop 0,4 ± 1,93%; and Coki 0%. Typesof stereotypic behavior observed in this study includes pacing (repetitivelocomotion around a particular area within the enclosure), rocking (moving theupper body back and forth), bounce (jumping), plucking hair (hair-pulling of thebody's own), and self-biting (biting the body's own). There were no significantdifferences in stereotypic behavior between groups (Kruskal-Wallis test, P value0.09011, α = 0.05)."

"Telah dilakukan penelitian yang bertujuan untuk mengetahui potensi hepatoprotektif madu PS (Pollen Substitute) terhadap kadar SGPT dan SGOT pada mencit (Mus musculus L.) jantan galur DDY yang diinduksi karbon tetraklorida (CCl4). Dua puluh empat ekor mencit jantan dibagi ke dalam 4 kelompok hewan uji, yaitu kelompok kontrol normal (KK1) yang diberi pakan standar dan akuades, kelompok kontrol perlakuan (KK2) yang diberi akuades dan larutan karbon tetraklorida, dan dua kelompok perlakuan (KP1 dan KP2) yang diberi madu PS 10% dan 20% b/v dan larutan karbon tetraklorida. Hasil uji ANOVA (P< 0,05) menunjukkan adanya pengaruh nyata pemberian madu PS terhadap kadar SGPT dan SGOT mencit pada semua kelompok perlakuan. Hasil uji LSD (P<0,05) menunjukkan adanya perbedaan nyata kadar SGPT dan SGOT mencit antar kelompok perlakuan (KK1, KK2, KP1 dan KP2). Persentase penurunan kadar SGPT dan SGOT terbaik dicapai oleh KP1 yaitu sebesar 82.93% dan 85.25% mendekati kadar normal (mengacu pada KK1), jika dibandingkan dengan dosis 20% pada KP2. Dengan demikian, dosis optimum dicapai oleh KP1 yaitu sebesar 10%.

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The objective of this study was to screen for the potential hepatoprotective role of PS (Pollen Substitute) honey administration on male DDY mice (Mus musculus L.)?s SGPT and SGOT level in blood serum. Twenty four mice were divided into four groups consisting of normal control group (KK1) which administrated with aqudes and coconut oil; treatment control group (KK2) which administrated with aquades and carbon tetrachloride; and two treatment groups (KP1 and KP2) which administrated with PS honey 10% and 20% also carbon tetrachloride, respectively, for 14 consecutive days. SGPT and SGOT level was measured in day 15 using SGPT and SGOT kit assay in laboratory. ANOVA one way test (P<0.05) shows that SGPT and SGOT level were significantly different between groups of animals. LSD test (P<0.05) shows that there is significantly different of SGPT and SGOT levels between KK1, KK2, KP1 and KP2. According to normal control group (KK1), the decrease percentage of SGPT and SGOT level of KP1 is better than KP2, that is 82.93% dan 85.25%. Its concluded that administration of PS honey reached its optimum dosage at 10%."

"Telah dilakukan penelitian yang bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh pemberian fortifikan NaFeEDTA dalam tepung tahu terhadap kadar zat besi plasma darah tikus (Rattus norvegicus L.) jantan galur Sprague- Dawley. Metode penelitian menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL), terdiri atas 25 ekor tikus putih jantan yang dibagi ke dalam 5 kelompok perlakuan, yaitu KK1 yang diberi larutan CMC 0,5%; KK2 yang diberi CMC 0,5% dan suspensi tepung tahu tanpa fortifikan; dan KP1, KP 2, dan KP3 yang diberi CMC 0,5% dan tepung tahu dengan fortifikan NaFeEDTA dosis 1,35 mg Fe/ kgBB; 2,7 mg Fe/ kg BB; dan 5,4 mg Fe/ kgBB selama 21 hari. Pengambilan darah dilakukan pada hari ke-7, 14, dan 21. Darah ditentukan kadar Fe nya dengan AAS (Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer). Hasil uji ANAVA satu arah (P < 0,05) menunjukkan pengaruh nyata pemberian fortifikan NaFeEDTA dalam tepung tahu terhadap kadar zat besi antar kelompok perlakuan. Hasil uji LSD (P < 0,05) menunjukkan bahwa terdapat perbedaan kadar zat besi (Fe) dalam darah yang nyata antara KK1 dengan semua kelompok perlakuan (KP1, KP2, dan KP3) dan KK2 dengan semua kelompok perlakuan pada t14. Hasil uji paired-samples T test (P < 0,05) menunjukkan terdapat perbedaan yang nyata kadar zat besi semua kelompok perlakuan pada t14 dan t21. Peningkatan kadar zat besi tertinggi terjadi pada KP3, yaitu sebesar 53,18 % di t14.

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The effect of fortificant NaFeEDTA inserted in tofu flour intake on plasma iron concentration in male Sprague-Dawley rats (Rattus norvegicus L.) has been studied. Twenty five rats were divided into five groups, consist of normal contol group (KK1) which was administered with CMC 0,5%, treatment control group (KK2) which was administered with CMC 0,5% and tofu flour non fortificant, and three treatment groups wich was adminestered with tofu flour added with fortificant NaFeEDTA 1,35 mg Fe/kgbw (KP1); 2,7 mg Fe/kgbw (KP2); and 5,4 mg Fe/kgbw (KP3). All of the five groups were treated for 21 consecutive days. The plasma iron concentration was measured by Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer (AAS). One way ANAVA test ( P < 0,05) showed significant effect of fortificant NaFeEDTA inserted in tofu flour intake on plasma iron concentration in all treatment groups. LSD test (P<0,05) showed that the plasma iron concentration significantly different between KK1 towards all treatment groups and KK2 towards all treatment groups. Paired-samples T Test (P < 0,05) showed that the plasma iron concentration significantly different in all treatment groups on t14 and t­21. The higest increase of plasma iron concentration was detected on KP3 at t14, whic is 53,18 %."

"[ ABSTRAK Telah dilakukan penelitian untuk mengetahui pengaruh infusa daun keluwih(Artocarpus camansi Blanco) terhadap pematangan spermatozoa mencit (Musmusculus L.) jantan di epididimis. Sebanyak 24 ekor mencit jantan dibagi menjadi4 kelompok, yaitu kelompok kontrol (KK) yang diberikan perlakuan berupaakuades, kelompok perlakuan 1 (KP1), kelompok perlakuan 2 (KP2), dankelompok perlakuan 3 (KP3) yang diberikan infusa daun keluwih dengan dosisberturt-turut yaitu 2,5; 5; dan 10 g/kg bb selama 8 hari. Hasil penelitianmenunjukkan adanya penurunan persentase motilitas spermatozoa pada kelompokperlakuan dosis 2,5 g/kg bb dan peningkatan persentase motilitas sertaabnormalitas pada dosis 5 g/kg bb dan 10 g/kg bb. Hasil penelitian menunjukkanadanya penurunan persentase viabilitas spermatozoa pada kelompok perlakuandosis 2,5 g/kg bb; 5 g/kg bb; dan 10 g/kg bb. Hasil tersebut menunjukkan bahwapemberian infusa daun keluwih (Artocarpus camansi Blanco) memiliki pengaruhterhadap kualitas dan kuantitas spermatozoa mencit jantan

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ABSTRACT The research has been done to determine the effect of Keluwih Leaf?s infusion

intake on maturation of spermatozoa of male mice in epididymis. Twenty-four

male mice were divided into 4 groups; consisting of control group which were

given akuades intake and treatment group which were given infusion with doses

2,5; 5; and 10 g/kg bw for 8 consecutive days. The results showed that an

decrease in percentage of sperm motility at doses 2,5 g/kg bw and also an increase

of motility and abnormality at doses 5 g/kg bw and 10 g/kg bw. The percentage of

spermatozoa viability showed a decrease result at doses 2,5 g/kg bw; 5 g/kg bw;

and 10 g/kg bw. The result indicated that keluwih leaf?s infusion intake gave an

impact on quality and quantity of male mice spermatozoa.;The research has been done to determine the effect of Keluwih Leaf?s infusion

intake on maturation of spermatozoa of male mice in epididymis. Twenty-four

male mice were divided into 4 groups; consisting of control group which were

given akuades intake and treatment group which were given infusion with doses

2,5; 5; and 10 g/kg bw for 8 consecutive days. The results showed that an

decrease in percentage of sperm motility at doses 2,5 g/kg bw and also an increase

of motility and abnormality at doses 5 g/kg bw and 10 g/kg bw. The percentage of

spermatozoa viability showed a decrease result at doses 2,5 g/kg bw; 5 g/kg bw;

and 10 g/kg bw. The result indicated that keluwih leaf?s infusion intake gave an

impact on quality and quantity of male mice spermatozoa.;The research has been done to determine the effect of Keluwih Leaf?s infusion

intake on maturation of spermatozoa of male mice in epididymis. Twenty-four

male mice were divided into 4 groups; consisting of control group which were

given akuades intake and treatment group which were given infusion with doses

2,5; 5; and 10 g/kg bw for 8 consecutive days. The results showed that an

decrease in percentage of sperm motility at doses 2,5 g/kg bw and also an increase

of motility and abnormality at doses 5 g/kg bw and 10 g/kg bw. The percentage of

spermatozoa viability showed a decrease result at doses 2,5 g/kg bw; 5 g/kg bw;

and 10 g/kg bw. The result indicated that keluwih leaf?s infusion intake gave an

impact on quality and quantity of male mice spermatozoa.;The research has been done to determine the effect of Keluwih Leaf?s infusion

intake on maturation of spermatozoa of male mice in epididymis. Twenty-four

male mice were divided into 4 groups; consisting of control group which were

given akuades intake and treatment group which were given infusion with doses

2,5; 5; and 10 g/kg bw for 8 consecutive days. The results showed that an

decrease in percentage of sperm motility at doses 2,5 g/kg bw and also an increase

of motility and abnormality at doses 5 g/kg bw and 10 g/kg bw. The percentage of

spermatozoa viability showed a decrease result at doses 2,5 g/kg bw; 5 g/kg bw;

and 10 g/kg bw. The result indicated that keluwih leaf?s infusion intake gave an

impact on quality and quantity of male mice spermatozoa., The research has been done to determine the effect of Keluwih Leaf’s infusion

intake on maturation of spermatozoa of male mice in epididymis. Twenty-four

male mice were divided into 4 groups; consisting of control group which were

given akuades intake and treatment group which were given infusion with doses

2,5; 5; and 10 g/kg bw for 8 consecutive days. The results showed that an

decrease in percentage of sperm motility at doses 2,5 g/kg bw and also an increase

of motility and abnormality at doses 5 g/kg bw and 10 g/kg bw. The percentage of

spermatozoa viability showed a decrease result at doses 2,5 g/kg bw; 5 g/kg bw;

and 10 g/kg bw. The result indicated that keluwih leaf’s infusion intake gave an

impact on quality and quantity of male mice spermatozoa.]"