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"Background: Vitamin D role in immune system have been investigated due to the presence of VDR on immune cells. Based on this information deficient level of vitamin D could affect the progression of allergic rhinitis. Unfortunately the data regarding vitamin D status in the normal population and allergic rhinitis patient were very limited in Indonesia. This research was done to provide illustration regarding the status of vitamin D in healthy and allergic rhinitis patients in Jakarta and also to investigate the factor that might affect the level of vitamin D in allergie rhinitis. Methods: This research was an observational cross sectional research. There were 22 subjects used during this research all diagnosed with moderate-severe allergic rhinitis. The study used the Electrochemiluminescence Immunoassay (ECLIA) technique. The data then were analyzed with IBM® SPSS statistic version 22 Results: The difference between the mean vitamin D of patients suffering from allergic rhinitis with healthy controls (12.7±10.3 ng/mL to 15.1±8.1 ng/mL). There was no significant diference in mean vitamin D between the gender groups (Independent Sample T-test p= 0.62). There were no statistical difference between the vitamin D level in patient with different eosinophil count and IL-5 level (IL-5 group: one-way ANOVA: p= 0.897; eosinophil group: One Way ANOVA: p = 0.752). Conclusion: The mean level of vitamin D in allergic rhinitis patients compared to healthy controls showed no significant difference. Comparison studies about level of vitamin D between groups with different gender, IL-5 and eosinophil count showed no significant difference"

"Rapid swab antigen SARS-CoV-2 merupakan pemeriksaan alternatif dalam mendeteksi SARS-CoV-2. Salah satu faktor yang mempengaruhi pemeriksaan rapid swab antigen SARS-CoV-ialah viral load yang direpresentasikan dengan cycle threshold (CT) pada pemeriksaan rRT-PCR. Hasil CT yang tinggi membuat sensitivitas pemeriksaan rapid swab antigen SARS-CoV-2 rendah. Tujuan utama pada penelitian ialah untuk menentukan nilai CT tertinggi pada pemeriksaan rRT-PCR yang mampu memberikan hasil reaktif pada pemeriksaan COVID-19 Ag (Standard Q SD Biosensor). Penelitian merupakan penelitian observasional dengan metode potong lintang dilakukan pada poliklinik demam RS dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo pada tanggal Juli 2020- Desember 2021. Total subjek dalam penelitian berjumlah 235 terdiri dari 24,7% subjek dengan rRT-PCR SARS-CoV-2 positif dan 75,3% subjek dengan rRT-PCR SARS-CoV-2 negatif. Median CT tertinggi pada pemeriksaan rRT-PCR SARS-CoV-2 yang mampu memberikan hasil reaktif pada pemeriksaan COVID-19 Ag (Standard Q SD Biosensor) ialah 28,22 (13,33- 39,16), sedangkan median CT tertinggi pada COVID-19 Ag (Standard Q SD Biosensor) non-reaktif ialah 34,45 (26,08-39,65). Sensitivitas, spesifisitas, NPV, PPV, dan LR positif dan LR negatif hasil COVID-19 Ag (Standard Q SD Biosensor) pada CT ≤ 40 adalah 63.8%, 99.4%, 89.3%, 97.4%, 112.9, dan 0.4. Pada CT ≤ 33 sensitivitas, spesifisitas, NPV, PPV, dan LR positif dan LR negatif ialah 77.1%, 99.4%, 95.7%, 96.4%, 136.5, dan 0.2 sedangkan pada CT ≤ 25 sensitivitas, spesifisitas, NPV, PPV, dan LR positif dan LR negatif adalah 92.3%, 99.4%, 99.4%, 92.3%, 163.4, dan 0.1. Titik potong CT rRT-PCR SARS-CoV-2 tertinggi ialah 26,06 dengan hasil sensitivitas 100% dan spesifisitas 99,4%. Pemeriksaan COVID-19 Ag (Standard Q SD Biosensor) dapat dipakai untuk keperluan diagnosis, contact tracing atau community surveilance.

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SARS-CoV-2 rapid antigen swab is an alternative test for detecting SARS-CoV-2 infection. One of the factors that influence the examination is viral load, which is represented by the cycle threshold (CT) in the rRT-PCR examination. The higher CT value will result in lower sensitivity of SARS-CoV-2 rapid antigen swab examination. The main objective of the study was to determine the highest CT value in rRT-PCR examination which still able to give reactive results on the COVID-19 Ag test (Standard Q SD Biosensor). The study was a cross-sectional study carried out at the fever polyclinic in dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital between July 2020 - December 2021. The study consisted of 235 subjects, 24.7% of subjects were SARS-CoV-2 positives and 75.3% of subjects were negative for SARS-CoV-2 infections. Median highest CT value in the SARS-CoV-2 rRT-PCR examination which able to give reactive results on the COVID-19 Ag (Standard Q SD Biosensor) test was 28.22 (13.33-39.16) while the median CT value on the non-reactive COVID-19 Ag (Standard Q SD Biosensor) was 34.45 (26.08-39.65). The sensitivity, specificity, NPV, PPV, and LR positive and LR negative results of COVID-19 Ag (Standard Q SD Biosensor) were 63.8%, 99.4%, 89.3%, 97.4%, 112.9, and 0.4 at CT value ≤ 40. The sensitivity, specificity, NPV, PPV, and LR positive and LR negative at CT value ≤ 33 were 77.1%, 99.4%, 95.7%, 96.4%, 136.5, and 0.2, while at CT ≤ 25 sensitivity, specificity, NPV, PPV, and LR positive and LR negative were 92.3%, 99.4%, 99.4%, 92.3%, 163.4, and 0.1. The cut-off point for the highest CT value was 26.06 with a sensitivity of 100% and a specificity of 99.4%. In conclusion, COVID-19 Ag (Standard Q SD Biosensor) was acceptable for diagnosis, contact tracing or community surveillance."

"Latar belakang: Rinitis alergi (RA) merupakan suatu kelainan hidung yang sering memengaruhi kualitas hidup penderitanya. Perubahan kualitas hidup pasien RA secara subjektif dapat diukur dengan kuesioner mini RQLQ dan secara objektif dengan hitung jumlah eosinofil pada mukosa hidung dan kadar IL 5 serum. Tujuan: Mengetahui karakteristik subjek RA dan mengetahui perubahan kualitas hidup, jumlah eosinofil mukosa hidung dan kadar interleukin 5 pada pasien rinitis alergi persisten sedang berat sebelum dan setelah terapi medikamentosa. Metode: Pre eksperimental yang bersifat analitik sebelum dan setelah terapi dengan jumlah subjek RA persisten sedang berat sebanyak 33 orang. Subjek diminta untuk mengisi kuesioner Mini RQLQ, dilakukan kerokan mukosa hidung dan pengambilan darah sebelum dan 2 minggu setelah terapi. Hasil: Didapatkan 14 subjek berjenis kelamin laki-laki dan 19 subjek perempuan dari 33 subjek penelitian dengan rerata usia 32,55 ± 11,67. Sebanyak 31 dari 33 subjek mengalami perubahan bermakna dari kualitas hidup, seluruh subjek mengalami perubahan jumlah eosinofil yang bermakna dan 30 dari 33 subjek mengalami perubahan kadar IL 5 yang responsif setelah terapi selama 2 minggu. Kesimpulan: Kualitas hidup pasien RA persisten sedang berat dapat diukur dengan menggunakan kuesioner mini RQLQ dan jumlah eosinofil mukosa hidung dan kadar IL 5 dapat digunakan untuk evaluasi terapi RA namun tidak untuk pemeriksaan penunjang rutin.

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Background: Allergic rhinitis (AR) is a nasal disorders that frequently affects the quality of life. Changes in quality of life AR patient can be measured subjectively using mini RQLQ and objectively by eosinophil count of nasal mucosa and IL 5 level. Objectives: To find the subject characteristic of AR and quality of life, eosinophil count of nasal mucosa and IL 5 level changes of moderate-severe AR patient before and after medicamentosa therapy. Methods: Pre experimental analytic study before and after therapy with 33 subjects of moderate-severe AR. All subjects were asked to fill out Mini RQLQ, collect nasal scrapping and blood specimens before and 2 weeks after therapy. Result: Fourteen subjects were male and 19 were women out of 33 subjects, with mean age 32,55 ± 11,67 years. Thirty one out of 33 subjects had significant quality of life changes, all subjects had significant changes of eosinophil nasal scrapping and 30 out of 33 subjects had significant changes of IL 5 level after 2 weeks of medicamentosa therapy. Conclusion: Allergic rhintis patient quality of life can be measured by mini RQLQ and eosinophil nasal scrapping and IL 5 level can be used for therapy evaluation but not for routine examination."

"ABSTRAKLatar Belakang. Gangguan kesuburan merupakan masalah kesehatan reproduksi di dunia yang terjadi pada 10-15% pasangan suami istri. Salah satu penyebab gangguan kesuburan atau infertilitas yang dialami pasangan suami istri adalah yang penyebabnya tidak terjelaskan (unexplained). Dikatakan infertil tidak terjelaskan karena pada semua pemeriksaan standar pasangan suami istri termasuk tes ovulasi, patensi tuba dan analisis sperma berada dalam keadaan normal. Sebagian besar masalah infertil tidak terjelaskan dikaitkan dengan gangguan imunologi yang terjadi antara suami istri, dengan adanya perubahan atau pergeseran proporsi subpopulasi limfosit sebagai indikator.Metode. Dilakukan pengambilan sampel darah tepi dan pemisahan sel mononukleus pasangan infertil tidak terjelaskan. Sebelum dilakukan MLR (Mixed Lymphocyte Reaction) sel mononukleus suami istri, dilakukan pemeriksaan typing sel T CD4+, CD8+ dan sel B CD19+ sel mononukleus istri. Sebelum kultur MLR, sel mononukleus suami diinkubasi dengan Mitomycin C. Kultur MLR sel mononukleus suami dan istri selama 72 jam. Dilakukan typing sel T CD4+, CD8+ dan sel B CD19+ sel mononukleus istri setelah kultur. Hasilnya dibandingkan dengan istri pasangan fertil.Hasil. Dari 15 pasangan infertil tidak terjelaskan dan 6 pasangan fertil, tidak terdapat perbedaan bermakna pada rentang usia istri kedua kelompok (p = 0,078). Peningkatan nilai rerata populasi sel T CD4+, CD8+ dan sel B CD19+ sesudah kultur MLR lebih tinggi pada istri pasangan infertil tidak terjelaskan dibandingkan istri pasangan fertil, meskipun secara statistik tidak terdapat perbedaan bermakna (p = 0,223, p = 0,126, p = 0,462). Proporsi peningkatan proliferasi sel T CD4+, CD8+ sesudah kultur MLR pada istri pasangan infertil tidak terjelaskan berbeda bermakna dibandingkan dengan istri pasangan fertil (p = 0,044 dan p = 0,003). Hasil penelitian ini menguatkan dugaan adanya peran imunologi pada sebagian pasangan infertil tidak terjelaskan.

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ABSTRACTBackground. Infertility is a world reproductive health problem which is occured in 10-15% of the couples. One of the reason of this infertility problem is unexplained. Diagnosis of unexplained infertility is made when all of the basic evaluation including ovulation test, tubal patency and normal sperm analysis are established. The potential cause of unexplained infertility has been described mostly as an immunology problem, whereas there is a change or modulation of lymphocyte subpopulation proportion as an indicator.Method. Peripheral blood and lymphocyte isolation were collected from unexplained infertile couples and fertile couples. Immunotyping of CD4+, CD8+ T cells and CD19+ B cell from wife?s lymphocyte of both group were measured before the mixed lymphocyte reaction (MLR). Before MLR, the husband?s lymphocytes were incubated with Mitomycin C. The MLR between husband and wife?s lymphocytes were cultured for 72 hours. Immunotyping of CD4+, CD8+ T cells and CD19+ B cell after cultured and compared between unexplained infertile couples and controls.Results. From 15 unexplained infertile couples and 6 fertile couples, there were no statistical different in the age ranges between the wife of both group (p = 0,078). The mean number population of CD4+, CD8+ T cells and CD19+ B cell after MLR cultured were higher from the wife of unexplained infertile group compared to the wife of fertile group, but there were no statistical different between them (p = 0,223, p = 0,126, p = 0,462). Increased proportion of CD4+, CD8+ T cells proliferation after MLR cultured from the wife of unexplained infertile couple were significantly different compared to the wife of fertile group (p = 0,044 and p = 0,003). This results suggested that there is a tendency for immunological factor involvement in the pathogenesis of partially unexplained infertility couples"

"Pada akhir tahun 2019 dilaporkan beberapa kasus pneumonia di Wuhan, Cina yang disebabkan oleh Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). Penyakit yang ditimbulkan oleh virus ini disebut sebagai coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Jumlah kasus COVID-19 terus mengalami peningkatan dan penyebarannya terjadi pada seluruh kelompok usia termasuk anak-anak. Pemeriksaan real-time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (rRT-PCR) telah diotorisasi oleh Food and Drug Administration (FDA) dan pada pemeriksaan ini dikenal istilah cycle threshold (Ct). Nilai Ct sering dijadikan acuan dalam menentukan tingkat keparahan penyakit pada anak, akan tetapi masih terdapat kontroversi apakah nilai Ct berhubungan dengan tingkat keparahan penyakit. Penelitian ini bermaksud mencari hubungan bermakna antara nilai Ct khususnya gen ORF1ab dan gen N dengan tingkat keparahan COVID-19 pada anak yang dibagi menjadi tingkat keparahan ringan dan sedang sampai kritis. Didapat 52 responden anak dalam penelitian ini, dengan 24 responden terdeteksi gen ORF1ab dan 49 responden terdeteksi gen N. Rerata nilai Ct gen ORF1ab kelompok ringan (33,5 ± 4,4) lebih tinggi dibandingkan dengan kelompok sedang sampai kritis (31,0 ± 6,0). Median nilai Ct gen N kelompok ringan (34,8 [21,3 – 39,4]) lebih tinggi dibandingkan dengan kelompok sedang sampai kritis (31,7 [19,4 – 38,9]). Tidak didapatkan hubungan bermakna baik antara nilai Ct gen ORF1ab (nilai p = 0,25) maupun gen N (nilai p = 0,159) dengan tingkat keparahan COVID-19 pada anak. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian ini, diperlukan berbagai pertimbangan dalam menginterpretasi nilai Ct.

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At the end of 2019, several cases of pneumonia were reported in Wuhan, China caused by Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). The disease caused by this virus is known as Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19). The number of cases of COVID-19 continues to increase and its spread occurs in all age groups including children. Real-time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (rRT-PCR) has been authorized by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) and in this method a cycle threshold (Ct) value were obtained. The Ct value is often used as a reference in determining the clinical severity in children, but there is still controversy whether the Ct value is related to the clinical severity. This study intends to find a significant relationship between the Ct values, especially the ORF1ab gene and the N gene, with the COVID-19 clinical severity in children which is divided into mild and moderate to critical severity. There were 52 children in this study, with 24 children have ORF1ab gene detected and 49 children have N gene detected. The mean of ORF1ab gene Ct value in mild group (33.5 ± 4.4) was higher than moderate to critical group (31.0 ± 6.0). The median of N gene Ct value ​​in mild group (34.8 [21.3 – 39.4]) was higher than moderate to critical group (31.7 [19.4 – 38.9]). There was no significant relationship between the Ct value of the ORF1ab gene (p value = 0.25) and the N gene (p value = 0.159) with COVID-19 clinical severity in children. Based on the results of this study, various considerations are needed in interpreting the Ct value."

"[ABSTRAKHuman Papilloma Virus (HPV) merupakan penyebab infeksi menular seksual yang paling sering di dunia. HPV genital berdasarkan potensi onkogeniknya terdiri dari low risk HPV (lr-HPV) dan high risk HPV (hr-HPV). Kondiloma akuminata merupakan penyakit menular seksual yang disebabkan oleh HPV dan memiliki angka morbiditas paling tinggi di seluruh dunia termasuk di RS Cipto Mangunkusumo. Sebagian besar kondiloma akuminata disebabkan oleh lr- HPV, tetapi dewasa ini diketahui terdapat proporsi infeksi hr-HPV yang cukup besar pada kondiloma akuminata. Infeksi hr-HPV pada kondiloma akuminata merupakan salah satu faktor risiko terjadinya keganasan anogenital. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendapatkan proporsi hr- HPV serta HPV 16 dan 18 pada lesi kondiloma akuminata atipikal regio anogenital di RS dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo dengan metoda Real Time Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR). Dilakukan pemeriksaan PCR terhadap 21 lesi kondiloma akuminata atipikal dari 20 subyek penelitian. Hasil pemeriksaan mendapatkan proporsi hr-HPV sebesar 42,9% (9 dari 21 lesi) serta proporsi HPV 16 dan 18 sebesar 23,8% (5 dari 21 lesi).

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ABSTRACTHuman papillomavirus (HPV) is the most common cause of sexually transmitted disease in the world. In accordance to its oncogenic property, genital HPV is known to be low risk HPV (lr-HPV) and high risk HPV (hr-HPV). Condyloma acuminata is a sexually transmitted disease caused by HPV and has a high morbidity worldwide including in Cipto Mangunkusumo National Hospital. Most of condyloma acuminata caused by lr-HPV, although recently findings revealed a high proportion of hr-HPV in condyloma acuminata. Infection of hr-HPV in condyloma acuminata is one of risk factor for anogenital malignancy. This study aimed to obtain the proportion of hr-HPV in atypical lesion of condyloma acuminata in anogenital region at Cipto Mangunkusumo National Hospital with Real Time Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR). Real Time PCR was conducted on 21 atypical lesion from 20 subject. The proportion of hr-HPV from those lesions was 42,9% and HPV 16/18 was 23,8%. ;Human papillomavirus (HPV) is the most common cause of sexually transmitted disease in the world. In accordance to its oncogenic property, genital HPV is known to be low risk HPV (lr-HPV) and high risk HPV (hr-HPV). Condyloma acuminata is a sexually transmitted disease caused by HPV and has a high morbidity worldwide including in Cipto Mangunkusumo National Hospital. Most of condyloma acuminata caused by lr-HPV, although recently findings revealed a high proportion of hr-HPV in condyloma acuminata. Infection of hr-HPV in condyloma acuminata is one of risk factor for anogenital malignancy. This study aimed to obtain the proportion of hr-HPV in atypical lesion of condyloma acuminata in anogenital region at Cipto Mangunkusumo National Hospital with Real Time Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR). Real Time PCR was conducted on 21 atypical lesion from 20 subject. The proportion of hr-HPV from those lesions was 42,9% and HPV 16/18 was 23,8%. , Human papillomavirus (HPV) is the most common cause of sexually transmitted disease in the world. In accordance to its oncogenic property, genital HPV is known to be low risk HPV (lr-HPV) and high risk HPV (hr-HPV). Condyloma acuminata is a sexually transmitted disease caused by HPV and has a high morbidity worldwide including in Cipto Mangunkusumo National Hospital. Most of condyloma acuminata caused by lr-HPV, although recently findings revealed a high proportion of hr-HPV in condyloma acuminata. Infection of hr-HPV in condyloma acuminata is one of risk factor for anogenital malignancy. This study aimed to obtain the proportion of hr-HPV in atypical lesion of condyloma acuminata in anogenital region at Cipto Mangunkusumo National Hospital with Real Time Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR). Real Time PCR was conducted on 21 atypical lesion from 20 subject. The proportion of hr-HPV from those lesions was 42,9% and HPV 16/18 was 23,8%. ]"

"ABSTRAKSepsis merupakan penyakit umum di perawatan intensif dan hampir 1/3 pasien yang dirawat di ICU adalah pasien sepsis. Banyak penelitian dilakukan untuk mencari penanda sepsis yang handal dan jumlah apoptosis limfosit mulai banyak diteliti sebagai penanda sepsis. Apoptosis limfosit terjadi mulai 24 jam pertama setelah onset sepsis. Saat ini belum terdapat data yang menunjukkan dapat digunakannya jumlah apoptosis limfosit sebagai penanda prognostik sepsis. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengetahui dapat tidaknya jumlah apoptosis limfosit digunakan sebagai penanda prognostik pada pasien sepsis beratDesain penelitian adalah uji prognosis secara prospektif, terdiri dari 30 pasien sepsis berat dibagi berdasarkan mortalitas 14 hari, yaitu 15 pasien hidup dan 15 pasien meninggal. Diagnosis sepsis berdasarkan modifikasi definisi sepsis oleh International Sepsis Definitions Conference 2001. Jumlah apoptosis limfosit dihitung menggunakan metode flowcytometry dengan reagen antibodi monoklonal CD45 berlabel PerCP, Annexin V berlabel FITC, dan Propidium Iodide. Pada kedua kelompok tersebut dicatat data karakteristik subyek dan dilakukan penghitungan jumlah apoptosis limfositRerata jumlah apoptosis limfosit pada kelompok pasien hidup adalah 0,992% dengan simpang baku 0,44% dan rerata jumlah apoptosis limfosit pada kelompok pasien meninggal adalah 1,5853% dengan simpang baku 0,57%. Jumlah apoptosis limfosit pada kedua kelompok berbeda bermakna dengan nilai p 0,004. Ditentukan nilai cut-off jumlah apoptosis limfosit 0,97%untuk menentukan prognosis pasien sepsis, dengan AUC 0,791 (IK 95% 0,631 ? 0,951), sensitivitas 86,7%, dan spesifisitas 60%. Kurva Kapplan Meier berdasarkan nilai cut-off 0,97% menunjukkan gambar yang memenuhi asumsi proporsional hazard dengan rasio hazard 0,182 (IK 95% 0,041 - 0,814), p = 0,026.Kami menyimpulkan jumlah apoptosis limfosit pasien sepsis berat dapat digunakan untuk memprediksi pasien yang meninggal dilihat dari mortalitas 14 hari, dengan nilai AUC sedang. Cut-off jumlah apoptosis limfosit 0,97% dapat digunakan sebagai cut-off dalam tatalaksana pasien sepsis berat

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ABSTRACTSepsis is a common illness in intensive care, almost 1/3 of patients admitted to the ICU were sepsis patients. There are plenty of researches to find a reliable marker of sepsis and the number of apoptotic lymphocytes began widely studied as a marker of sepsis. Apoptosis of lymphocytes occurred from the first 24 hours after the onset sepsis. There are currently no data on whether the number of apoptotic lymphocytes can be used as a prognostic marker of sepsis. The purpose of this study was to determine whether the number of apoptotic lymphocytes can be used as a prognostic marker in patients with severe sepsisThis was a prospective prognosis study, consisting of 30 severe sepsis patients grouped based on 14-day mortality, 15 patients are survivors and 15 patients are nonsurvivors. The diagnosis of sepsis is based on a modified definition of sepsis by the International Sepsis Definitions Conference 2001. The number of apoptotic lymphocytes was calculated using flowcytometry with PerCP-labeled anti-CD45 monoclonal antibody, FITC-labeled Annexin V, and Propidium Iodide. In both groups, characteristics of subjects were recorded and the number of apoptotic lymphocytes was calculated.The mean of apoptotic lymphocytes in the survivor group is 0.992% with a standard deviation of 0.44%, and the mean of apoptotic lymphocytes in the nonsurvivor group is 1.5853% with a standard deviation of 0.57%. The difference between the two groups is significant with p = 0.004. This study yields an apoptotic lymphocytes cut-off value of 0.97% to determine prognosis of severe sepsis patients, with AUC of 0.791 (CI 95% from 0.631 to 0.951), 86.7% sensitivity and 60% specificity. Kapplan Meier curve based on the 0.97% cut-off demonstrates that hazard proportion is fulfilled with hazard ratio of 0.182 (95% CI 0.041 to 0.814) and p= 0.026. It is concluded that the number of apoptotic lymphocytes in severe sepsis patients can be used to predict nonsurvivors based on 14-day mortality, with moderate AUC. The apoptotic lymphocytes cut-off value of 0.97% can be used as a cut-off for severe sepsis patient management"

"Asfiksia merupakan salah satu penyebab utama morbiditas dan mortalitas neonatus. Deteksi dini asfiksia penting untuk mencegah keluaran buruk jangka pendek. Analisis gas darah tali pusat merupakan metode objektif untuk menilai hipoksia-asidosis janin yang merupakan dasar patologi asfiksia. Penelitian ini terdiri atas dua tahap. Tahap pertama merupakan penelitian comparative cross-sectional untuk menilai hubungan pO2 vena, pCO2 arteri, ΔpO2 vena-arteri, ΔpCO2 arteri-vena tali pusat, dan fractional tissue oxygen extraction dengan keluaran sekunder, yaitu dengan skor Apgar <7 pada menit ke-5. Tahap kedua menggunakan desain nested case-control untuk menilai keluaran primer, yaitu keluaran buruk jangka pendek, meliputi perdarahan intraventrikular, ensefalopati hipoksik-iskemik, perawatan neonatal intensive care unit, serta kematian neonatal dini. Total subjek adalah 47 subjek. Tahap pertama penelitian hanya mendapatkan empat kasus sehingga tidak dapat dinilai hubungan dengan skor Apgar rendah menit ke-5. Tahap kedua penelitian mendapatkan 10 kasus dan 37 kontrol. Delta pO2 vena-arteri tali pusat lebih rendah bermakna (p=0,041), sedangkan fractional tissue oxygen extraction lebih rendah namun tidak bermakna (p=0,059) pada neonatus yang mengalami keluaran buruk jangka pendek dibanding tanpa keluaran buruk. Ketiga parameter lain tidak berhubungan dengan keluaran buruk jangka pendek. Titik potong optimal untuk memprediksi keluaran buruk jangka pendek neonatus adalah ≤3,35 mmHg (Sn=83,8%; Sp=60,0%) untuk ΔpO2 vena-arteri tali pusat dan ≤16,2% (Sn=81,1%; Sp=60,0%) untuk FTOE. Delta pO2 vena-arteri tali pusat (OR=7,75 (p=0,010; IK95% 1,66 – 36,01) maupun FTOE (OR=6,43; p=0,017; IK95% 1,42 – 29,08) prediktif terhadap keluaran buruk jangka pendek neonatus. Model prediksi dibuat menggunakan parameter FTOE.

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Asphyxia remains one of the most common cause of morbidity and mortality in neonates. Early detection is crucial to prevent asphyxia-related short-term adverse outcomes. Umbilical cord blood gas analysis provides objective measurement of fetal hypoxia and acidosis which define asphyxia. This study aimed to evaluate association of umbilical cord venous pO2, arterial pCO2, arterio-venous ΔpCO2, veno-arterial ΔpO2, and fetal fractional tissue oxygen extraction (FTOE) ratio with neonatal short-term adverse events, including intracranial hemorrhage, hypoxic-ischemic encephalopaty, admission to neonatal intensive care unit, and early neonatal death, as primary outcomes, and low 5-minute Apgar score as secondary outcomes. We used nested case-control design to evaluate primary outcomes and comparative cross-sectional design for the latter. A total of 47 subjects were recruited. Low 5-minute Apgar scores were found in four subjects, which did not fulfill the minimum sample size requirement for analysis. Short-term adverse outcomes were found in 10 cases. Delta pO2 was significantly lower (p=0,041), while FTOE was lower albeit not statistically significant (p=0,059) in case compared to control group. The other three parameters failed to show any significant associations. Optimal cutoff value for pO2 was ≤3,35 mmHg with 83,8% sensitivity dan 60,0% specificity, and ≤16,2% for FTOE (Sn=81,1%; Sp=60,0%). Either umbilical veno-arterial ΔpO2 (OR=7,75; p=0,010; 95%CI 1,66 – 36,01) or FTOE (OR=6,43; p=0,017; IK95% 1,42 – 29,08) was predictive for neonatal short-term adverse outcomes. A prediction model was developed for FTOE."

"Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) disebabkan oleh infeksi virus SARS CoV-2, dan telah dilaporkan banyak menyebabkan kematian di berbagai negara. Pada pasien COVID-19, ditemukan perubahan kadar asam amino, baik asam amino esensial maupun non esensial, yang dikaitkan dengan proses inflamasi dan infeksi. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengetahui profil asam amino esensial dan non esensial, serta mengetahui perbedaannya pada pasien terkonfirmasi COVID-19 severe dan non severe. Penelitian dilakukan dengan metode potong lintang di RSUPN Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo dan Laboratorium HGRC pada Januari-Desember 2021. Total subjek adalah 128 subjek, terdiri dari 70 subjek (54,7%) kelompok severe dan 58 subjek (45,3%) kelompok non severe. Profil asam amino pada pasien terkonfirmasi COVID-19 severe dan non-severe, secara klinis ditemukan sedikit perbedaan dengan rentang effect size d 0,08-0,48. Tidak terdapat perbedaan bermakna keseluruhan profil asam amino antara kelompok severe dan non severe (p>0,05). Temuan ini diharapkan dapat memberi kontribusi dalam proses penyembuhan pasien terutama pada kondisi infeksi/inflamasi akut, serta menurunkan angka morbiditas dan mortalitas melalui penambahan asupan makanan atau terapi suplementasi potensial pada penderita dengan kadar asam amino yang lebih rendah

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Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) is an infection, caused by SARS CoV-2 virus infection, and had been reported that cause death in many countries. Patients with COVID-19 infection, could have amino acid alteration, both in essential and non essential, which are associated in inflammation and infectious processes. The main objective of this study, was to know the essential and non essential amino acid profile, and to determine the differences in severe and non severe COVID-19 patients. This cross sectional study was conducted at Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo National Central Public Hospital and HGRC Laboratory, from January-December 2021. There were 128 subjects, consisted of 70 subjects (54.7%) in severe group and 58 subjects (45.3%) in non severe group. The amino acid profile in severe and non-severe COVID-19 patients, clinically were found slight different, with the effect size range d 0.08-0.48. There was no significant difference in all amino acid, between severe and non severe group (p>0.05). These findings were expected to contibute in recovery process especially in infection/acute inflammation state, decreased the morbidity and mortality, through additional intake and potential supplementation therapy in lower amino acid patients."

"Penyakit jantung koroner (PJK) atau infark miokard (IMA) adalah salah satu penyebab utama kematian di seluruh dunia. Tindakan reperfusi miokardial merupakan pendekatan utama dalam penanganan PJK. Cedera iskemia-reperfusi (IRI) mewakili cedera tambahan pada otot jantung yang terjadi akibat disfungsi seluler setelah proses reperfusi. Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) merupakan protein yang berperan dalam induksi angiogenesis dan meningkatkan permeabilitas vaskuler. VEGF penting dalam pembentukan pembuluh darah kolateral pasca IMA, namun kadar VEGF yang terlalu tinggi diketahui mengakibatkan restenosis pasca tindakan intervensi koroner perkutan primer (IKPP). Kolkisin dosis rendah diketahui menurunkan kadar VEGF. Penelitian ini bertujuan menilai pengaruh pemberian kolkisin terhadap penurunan kadar VEGF pada serum pasien infark miokard akut-elevasi segmen ST (IMA-EST) sebelum dan pada 48 jam pasca tindakan reperfusi. Penelitian dilakukan menggunakan desain uji klinik tersamar ganda (double blinded randomized clinical trial) yang melibatkan 63 subjek. Pada hasil penelitian didapatkan penurunan kadar VEGF pada 48 jam pasca reperfusi namun tidak didapatkan perbedaan bermakna pada analisis perubahan (delta) kadar VEGF sebelum dan pada 48 jam pasca tindakan reperfusi antara kedua kelompok. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian pertama yang menilai pengaruh pemberian kolkisin terhadap kadar VEGF pada pasien IMA-EST pasca reperfusi. Penelitian ini dapat dijadikan dasar penelitian lanjutan untuk menilai penurunan kadar VEGF dengan pemberian kolkisin dalam jangka panjang.

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Coronary heart disease (CHD) or acute myocardial infarction (AMI) is one of the major causes of death throughout the world. Myocardial reperfusion is the main approach in treating CHD. Ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI) represents additional injury to the heart muscle that occurs due to cellular dysfunction following the reperfusion process. Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) is a protein that plays a role in inducing angiogenesis and increasing vascular permeability. VEGF is important in the formation of collateral blood vessels after MI, but higher levels of VEGF are known to result in restenosis after primary percutaneous coronary intervention (IKPP). Low-dose colchicine is known to reduce VEGF levels. This study aims to assess the effect of colchicine administration on reducing VEGF levels in the serum of patients with acute ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (IMA-EST) before and 48 hours after reperfusion. The research was conducted using a double-blinded randomized clinical trial design involving 63 subjects. The study result showed the decrease in VEGF levels at 48 hours after reperfusion, but there was no significant difference in the analysis of changes (delta) in VEGF levels before and at 48 hours after reperfusion between the two groups. This study is the first study to assess the effect of colchicine administration on VEGF levels in post-reperfusion IMA-EST patients. This research can be used as a basis for further research to assess the reduction in VEGF levels with long-term administration of colchicine."