Hasil Pencarian  ::  Simpan CSV :: Kembali

Abstrak :
ABSTRAK
Hampir 85% aktifitas perikanan tangkap di perairan Indonesia didominasi oleh perikanan skala kecil. Tingginya aktifitas penangkapan oleh nelayan skala kecil turut mempengaruhi tingkat pemanfaatan sumberdaya ikan dan keberlanjutan usaha perikanan tangkap itu sendiri. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji keragaan usaha perikanan tangkap skala kecil dan keberlanjutannya di Desa Ciparage Jaya. Data yang digunakan adalah data primer dan sekunder yang dikumpulkan dengan teknik wawancara, observasi dan pencatatan. Analisis data keragaan perikanan dan perkembangan trend indeks kelimpahan menggunakan analisis indeks kelimpahan sumberdaya ikan, IMP dan regresi. Analisis keberlanjutan usaha perikanan menggunakan analisis R/C Ratio. Hasil analisis keragaan perikanan menunjukkan bahwa nelayan yang aktif dalam kurun waktu bulan Agustus-Desember 2018 sebesar 62-78%. Komposisi hasil tangkapan ikan pelagis kecil 68%, demersal 22%, cumi 6% dan pelagis besar 4%. Frekuensi panjang total ikan teri rata-rata 7,0 cmTF dan ikan tembang 16,1 cmTL Puncak musim ikan pelagis kecil dan pelagis besar terjadi bulan Oktober (IMP 1,7 dan 2,9), demersal bulan April (IMP 1,9) dan cumi bulan November (IMP 2,9). Hubungan curah hujan dan hasil tangkapan berkorelasi positif dengan nilai R² sebesar 0,808 pada bulan Januari-Agustus, sedangkan bulan September-Desember berkorelasi negatif dengan nilai R² sebesar 0,058. Perkembangan trend indeks kelimpahan sumberdaya ikan rata-rata mengalami penurunan. Tahun 2004 nilai indeks kelimpahan sebesar 268 ton/trip, kemudian menurun secara bertahap menjadi sebesar 115 ton/trip pada 2018. Total penerimaan usaha tahun 2017 Rp. 8.351.077.000. Rata-rata pendapatan perkapita per tahun Rp. 26.101.750. Sebanyak 87,8% pendapatan perkapita perbulan lebih rendah dari nilai UMK Karawang dengan rerata Rp. 2.000.000. Sedangkan 12,2%  diantaranya lebih besar dari nilai UMK Karawang dengan rerata Rp. 5.500.000. Nilai rasio penerimaan dan biaya (R/C Ratio) sebesar 0,70. Berdasarkan hal tersebut maka usaha perikanan tangkap skala kecil di desa Ciparage sudah tidak dapat diharapkan keberlanjutannya.

---

ABSTRACT
Nearly 85% of fishing activities in Indonesian waters are dominated by small-scale fisheries. The high fishing activities by small-scale fishermen also influence the level of utilization of fish resources and the sustainability of their capture fisheries business. This study aims to assess the performance of small-scale capture fisheries businesses and their sustainability in Ciparage Jaya Village. The data used are primary and secondary data that collected through interview, observation and recording techniques. Analysis of fisheries performance data using abundance indice analysis, IMP and regression. The sustainability analysis of fisheries business uses R/C Ratio analysis. The results of fisheries performance analysis show that fishermen who are active in the period August-December 2018 are 62-78%. The composition of small pelagic fish is 68%, demersal 22%, squid 6% and large pelagic 4%. The main catches of small pelagic fishes are fringerscale sardinella and anchovies. The average total length of anchovy is 7.0 cmTL and 16.1 cmTL for fringerscale sardinella. The peak season of small pelagic fish and large pelagic occurs in October (IMP 1.7 and 2.9), demersal in April (IMP 1.9) and squid in November (IMP 2.9). The relationship between rainfall and landing is positively correlated with R2 value of 0.808 in January-August, while September-December is negatively correlated with R2 value of 0.058.  The average annual abundance indice tend to gradually decreased  from of 268 tons/trip in 2004 then gradually decreased to 115 tons/trip in 2018. The estimate total business value in 2017 was Rp. 8,351,077,000. The average per capita income per year is around Rp. 26,101,750, as much as 87.8% per capita income per month which less than Karawang UMK value with an average of Rp. 2,000,000. While 12.2% among them are greater than the UMK value with an average of Rp. 5,500,000. The value of the revenue and cost ratio (R/C Ratio) is 0,70. Based on this, the sustainability of small-scale fisheries in Ciparage village can,t be expected.

Abstrak :
ABSTRAK
Tantangan untuk memastikan terpeliharanya kelestarian hiu di Samudera Hindia adalah isu utama pengelolaan sumber daya ikan, meskipun eksploitasi penangkapan masih terjadi. Untuk itu, strategi pengelolaan perikanan yang tepat perlu disusun. Tujuan riset adalah menganalisis keragaan perikanan hiu di Samudera Hindia berdasarkan data nelayan Cilacap, menganalisis kondisi sosial ekonomi nelayan hiu, merinci rantai pemasaran hiu, dan merekomendasikan strategi pengelolaan perikanan hiu agar berkelanjutan. Riset dilaksanakan di Cilacap dengan pendekatan kuantitatif, dengan analisis data deskriptif kuantitatif dan kualitatif. Hasil riset menunjukan bahwa: (i) Hiu adalah hasil tangkapan sampingan (HTS) pancing rawai tuna (8,8%), jaring insang hanyut (9,66%), dan jaring insang tetap (9,41%), dan ikan target utama pancing rawai hiu. Hiu biru dan hiu tikus adalah hiu yang banyak tertangkap (73%), dengan puncak penangkapan bulan Agustus. Sebagian besar hiu tikus yang tertangkap adalah hiu dewasa, dan sebagian besar hiu mako yang tertangkap adalah hiu yang belum dewasa; (ii) Nelayan hiu di Cilacap didominasi lulusan SD (70,8%) dan berusia sekitar 46-55 tahun (44,2%). Nelayan pancing rawai tuna dan jaring insang tidak termasuk masyarakat miskin. Sebagian besar nelayan menolak campur tangan pemerintah untuk mengelola sumber daya ikan melalui penetapan regulasi baru; (iii) Alur perdagangan hiu di Cilacap dimulai dari nelayan yang menjual hiu langsung tanpa lelang kepada pedagang pengepul untuk selanjutnya diproses menjadi beberapa komoditas yang dipasarkan lokal dan ekspor, dan (iv) Penetapan daerah penangkapan, penetapan jumlah dan ukuran perahu penangkapan ikan, serta penetapan jenis dan ukuran alat tangkap adalah pilihan strategi pengelolaan perikanan hiu dengan tingkat keberhasilan yang paling tinggi. Upaya pelatihan keterampilan baru bagi nelayan juga diperlukan agar tercipta sumber pendapatan lain, sehingga ketergantungan nelayan pada penangkapan ikan dapat dikurangi.

---

ABSTRACT
The challenge of ensuring the preservation of sharks in the Indian Ocean is a key issue in the management of shark resources in Indonesia. Therefore, an appropriate fisheries management strategies need to be developed. The research aims to analyze the performance of shark fishery in the Indian Ocean based on Cilacap fisheries data, analyze the socio-economic conditions of shark fishermen, analyze the shark marketing chain, and recommend the shark fisheries management strategy to be sustainable. The research was conducted in Cilacap with a quantitative approach, quantitative and qualitative mixed data collection, also qualitative descriptive and quantitative descriptive analysis. The results showed those: (i) shark is by-catch as well as the target. The thesher sharks (Alopias pelagicus and Alopias superciliosus) and also blue shark (Prionace glauca) are the dominant sharks caught (73%), with the peak of capture on August. Most of the thesher Sharks caught are adult, and most of the mako sharks (Isurus paucus and Isurus oxyrhincus) are immature; (ii) Research is conducted in Cilacap with quantitative approach, with quantitative and qualitative descriptive data analysis. The results showed that: (i) Sharks were by-catch of tuna longline (8.8%), drift gillnets (9.66%), and bottom gillnets (9.41%), and main target of shark longline. The thesher sharks (Alopias pelagicus and Alopias superciliosus) and also blue shark (Prionace glauca) are the dominant sharks caught (73%), with the peak of capture on August. Most of the caught thesher sharks are adult, and most of the mako sharks are immature; (ii) the shark fisherman in Cilacap dominated primary school graduates (70.8%) and aged around 46-55 years (44.2%). The fishermen of tuna longline and gillnets are not among the poor. Most of them refuse government intervention to manage fish resources through the establishment of new regulations; (iii) the flows of shark trade begins from fishermen selling directly to the collecting traders, then processed for locall and export marketed; and (iv) determination of fishing grounds, the number and size of fishing boats, and establishing the types and sizes of fishing gear are the alternative management strategy with the highest success rate. New skills training for fishermen is also needed in order to create other sources of income, so the dependence on fishing can be reduced.