Hasil Pencarian  ::  Simpan CSV :: Kembali

"ABSTRACTPerkembangan dan persaingan dunia pelayanan kesehatan membuat pihak manajemen berupaya memberikan yang terbaik kepada konsumen. RSUD Kota Bogor telah menyediakan pelayanan komprehensif bagi masyarakat Bogor dan sekitarnya, namun masih terdapat fenomena berupa kesenjangan jumlah pasien dan keterbatasan sumber daya. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan untuk mengetahui gambaran umum bauran pemasaran poliklinik onkologi RSUD Kota Bogor. Penelitian ini menggunakan rancangan peneltian deskriptif kualitatif dan dilaksanakan di poliklinik Onkologi RSUD Kota Bogor pada bulan Mei 2016. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bauran pemasaran poliklinik onkologi RSUD Kota Bogor belum maksimal. Terdapat 9 bed di poliklinik onkologi namun masih banyak pasien kemoterapi yang belum tertangani karena tingginya jumlah pasien dan keterbatasan sumber daya. Tarif yang berlaku dirasa cukup terjangkau bagi masyarakat. Promosi RSUD Kota Bogor telah memadai, dilihat dari jumlah kunjungan pasien yang terus meningkat, namun jumlah pasien out of pocket masih minim. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian, diperlukan monitoring dan evaluasi kinerja RSUD Kota Bogor, dan dapat dipertimbangkan penambahan sumber daya poliklinik onkologi terutama bagi pasien out of pocket serta untuk memenuhi kebutuhan konsumen.

---

ABSTRACTDevelopment and competition in health care process make the management of RSUD Kota Bogor seeks to give best performance for all consumers. RSUD Kota Bogor has provided a comprehensive medical care to all people in Bogor and regional nearby, but gaps number of patient and limited of resources still could be found in RSUD Kota Bogor. This study is conducted to find out marketing mix in Oncology Polyclinic of RSUD Kota Bogor. It used descriptive and qualitative as the research design which conducted at Oncology Polyclinic of RSUD Kota Bogor in May 2016. The result shows that marketing mix of RSUD Kota Bogor is not optimal yet. There are nine beds in the polyclinic but still there are lots of chemotherapy patient that could not be handled since the high gaps of number between total amount of patient and resources. Cost of treatment of the polyclinic was founded affordable to consumers. Promotion that were conducted by RSUD Kota Bogor looked adequate enough as the total number of patients was getting increase although the number of out of pocket patients was still less than what was expected. Based on the results of this research, monitoring and evaluation for work performance in RSUD Kota Bogor is needed and the addition of resources in Oncology Policlinic should be considered as an important issue, more over for the out of pocket patient to fulfill all of the consumers? needs."

"Pada penelitian ini, kavitasi (hidrodinamika dan ultrasonik) dimanfaatkan untuk mengatasi kelemahan ozonasi, yaitu kelarutan dan stabilitas yang rendah di dalam air serta selektivitasnya. Peran kavitasi dikaji dalam memperbaiki perpindahan massa ozon dari fasa gas ke fasa cair, meningkatkan jumlah radikal OH melalui dekomposisi ozon dan kinerjanya dalam mengolah senyawa fenol. Dalam rentang kondisi yang diterapkan dalam penelitian ini, hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa koefisien perpindahan massa (kLa) ozon meningkat sekitar 3,5 kali, 7,5 kali dan 20 kali dari kLa ozonasi tunggal karena efek total kavitasi masing-masing untuk penggunaan kavitasi hidrodinamika (HD), kavitasi ultrasonik (US) dan keduanya (HD + US) simultan; dimana efek kimiawi lebih signifikan perannya dalam peningkatan nilai kLa. Laju dekomposisi ozon meningkat 20%-40% dengan penggunaan kavitasi. Yield radikal OH meningkat 3,3 kali, 3,8 kali dan 4,4 kali dari hasil proses ozonasi tunggal masing-masing dengan pemakaian kavitasi HD, kavitasi US dan kavitasi HD + US. Yield fenol tidak mengalami perubahan berarti dengan penggunaan kavitasi. Namun, tingkat mineralisasi meningkat hingga sekitar 2 kali dengan penggunaan kavitasi tunggal, dan 3,3 kali dengan penggunaan kavitasi secara simultan. Kavitasi meningkatkan utilisasi ozon, dimana kavitasi HD menunjukkan utilisasi tertinggi yaitu 4,45 mg/menit. Selain menghasilkan produk-produk oksidasi yang bersifat asam ? dibuktikan dengan penurunan pH ? proses ozonasi dan gabungannya dengan kavitasi menghasilkan senyawa-senyawa rantai panjang.

---

This research utilized ultrasonic and hydrodynamic cavitations to overcome the the drawbacks of ozonation process, which are low solubility and stability of ozone in water and its selectivity. The role of cavitations was assessed in enhancing ozone mass transfer, increasing radical production from ozone decomposition and improving the performance of phenol removal. In the range of conditions limited in this research, the results shows that ozone mass transfer coefficient (kLa) enhanced about 3.5, 7.5 and 20 times of kLa of single ozonation due to total effects of cavitations respectively for utilization of hydrodynamic (HD), ultrasonic (US) and both kinds (HD + US) of cavitations simultaneously. The role of chemical effect was more significant than mechanical effect in enhancing kLa . Cavitations increased ozone decomposition rate by 20%-40%. The yield of OH radicals increased 3.3, 3.8 and 4.4 times of it was from single ozonation respectively for utilization of HD, US and (HD + US) cavitations. The yield of phenol was not changed significantly by utilization of cavitations. However, mineralization ability improved about 2 times for utilization of only one kind of cavitation, and about 3.3 times for utilization both kinds of cavitation simultaneously. Cavitations improved ozone utilization, where application of HD cavitation was the highest by 4.45 mg/menit. Ozonation of phenol and its combinations with cavitations produced acidic intermediate compounds which was indicated by pH reduction along the process. And they also produced higher (long-chained) compounds."

"ABSTRAKPada riset ini dilakukan studi pembuatan gemuk bio ramah lingkungan, melalui proses saponifikasi-pelarutan-kristalisasi-homogensasi. Minyak-dasar yang digunakan adalah olein sawit yang dimodifikasi, untuk meningkatkan ketahanan oksidasinya. Sebagai pengental adalah sabun logam-12-hidroksistearat. Dari studi ini diketahui bahwa preparasi minyak-dasar, yaitu modifikasi olein sawit menjadi pelumas bio yang memiliki gugus-gugus polar (epoksida -COC, hidroksida -OH, ester -COOC-), sangat penting dalam proses pembuatan gemuk bio. Gugus-gugus tersebut menjadikan gemuk bio memiliki performa pelumasan yang melampaui performa gemuk mineral. Gemuk bio dengan konsistensi NLGI2 (tingkat kekerasan gemuk multiguna) dapat diperoleh pada komposisi sabun 10-15 % dengan dropping point 200 oC untuk gemuk litium dan 110 oC untuk gemuk kalsium. Penggunaan pengomplek Ca-asetat menghasilkan gemuk kalsium kompleks dengan dropping point 300oC pada komposisi sabun total 15% dan rasio mol Ca-asetat/Ca-12-hidroksistearat 5:1. Gemuk bio yang diperoleh dihomogenisasi melalui metode pengadukan (2-pengaduk-turbin yang berputar berlawanan arah).

---

ABSTRACTThis research studies the manufacturing of eco-friendly biogrease via saponification-dilution?recrystallization-homogenization process. The base oil for the biogrease is prepared by modification of palm olein via esterification-epoxidation-addition process to improve its oxidation stability. The thickening agent for the biogrease is metal-12-hydroxystearate soap. From this study it was found that the preparation of base oil through modification of palm olein into biolubricant containing polar groups (-COC, -OH, -COOC-) is important step in the manufacturing process of biogrease. The biogrease NLGI2 (consistency level of multipurpose grease)) can be obtained when soap composition is 10-15 % with dropping point of 200 oC for lithium biogrease and 110 oC calcium biogrease. The use of acetic acid as complexing agent for the calcium grease can significantly improve its dropping point to 300oC at ratio mol Ca-asetat/Ca-12-hydroxystearate 5:1 with total thickening agent 15%. The biogrease is homogenized by mixing method (2-turbin rotated in the opposite direction)."

"Senyawa aseton dapat dipandang sebagai salah satu model senyawa organik turunan biomasa (renewable material). Senyawa aseton telah dapat dikonversi menjadi hidrokarbon aromatik menggunakan katalis H-ZSM-5 dengan variasi rasio Si/Al (25, 75 dan 100) menggunakan fixed bed reactor bertekanan atmosferik pada suhu diatas 350 oC. Didapatkan bahwa ketiga rasio H-ZSM-5 memiliki kemampuan shape selectivity yang tinggi untuk senyawa aromatik (yield >70%). Perbedaan kinerja katalis terlihat setelah 2 jam reaksi, katalis rasio Si/Al=75 dan 100 lebih rentan mengalami deaktivasi. Sedangkan, ZSM-5 rasio Si/Al=25 masih bertahan dengan konversi 100% & yield diatas 70%. Terbentuknya kokas menyebabkan penurunan keasaman katalis dan luas permukaannya.

---

Acetone is a organic polar compound which can be produced renewably from biomass through a fermentation process or by catalytic process of a biomassderived liquid. The prospective and sustainable system from a new schematic route can be established, if this product could be transformed into hydrocarbons. That?s why this research is intended to develop a catalytic process for aromatic production from acetone using ZSM-5.Organic acetone could be transformed into aromatic by catalytic reaction using ZSM-5 in fixed-bed reactor at atmospheric. HZSM-5 with Si/Al = 25 was more active and stable than that of Si/Al ratio 75 or 100. The yield of aromatic was obtained higher than 70 wt %. It indicates that the reaction of acetone requires a high acid density and H-ZSM-5 is shape selective catalyst for the aromatic formation due to pore opening (0,56 nm) is very close to the geometrical molecular size of the aromatic. The deactivation by coking caused the decreasing the area surface and the acidity of catalyst."