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"Latar Belakang: Material restorasi gigi seperti resin komposit mikrohibrid dan semen ionomer kaca modifikasi resin (RMGIC) banyak digunakan karena kekuatan estetika dan mekanisnya. Dengan meningkatnya perawatan pemutihan gigi, muncul kekhawatiran tentang efek bahan pemutih terhadap sifat mekanis material-material ini, terutama karena terbatasnya penelitian tentang kinerja jangka panjang setelah paparan pemutihan. Tujuan: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi dampak pemutihan in-office menggunakan hidrogen peroksida 35% terhadap DTS resin komposit mikrohibrid dan RMGIC. Metode: Penelitian eksperimental in vitro ini dilakukan pada 40 spesimen silindris (diameter 6 mm × tinggi 3 mm) yang dibagi menjadi empat kelompok resin komposit mikrohibrid dan RMGIC, dengan dan tanpa pemutihan. Setelah penyinaran LED (1300 mW/cm , 20 detik) dan penyimpanan dalam air suling (37°C, 24 jam), spesimen menjalani pemutihan menggunakan hidrogen peroksida 35% selama tiga siklus 15 menit. DTS diukur menggunakan universal testing machine, dan hasilnya dianalisis dengan analisis statistik. Hasil: DTS resin komposit mikrohibrid sedikit menurun setelah pemutihan in-office dari 47,37 ± 9,24 MPa menjadi 46,94 ± 7,02 MPa, sementara RMGIC menunjukkan penurunan dari 13,04 ± 0,96 MPa menjadi 12,71 ± 1,82 MPa. Perubahan ini tidak signifikan secara statistik (p > 0,05), dengan resin komposit mikrohibrid tetap mempertahankan DTS yang secara signifikan lebih tinggi dibandingkan RMGIC (p = 0,001). Kesimpulan: Aplikasi pemutihan in-office menggunakan hidrogen peroksida 35% memiliki efek minimal dan tidak signifikan secara statistik terhadap DTS resin komposit mikrohibrid dan RMGIC, menunjukkan keamanan untuk penggunaan klinis, meskipun penelitian lebih lanjut tentang efek jangka panjang direkomendasikan.

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Background: Dental restorative materials such as microhybrid composite resin and resin modified glass ionomer cement (RMGIC) are widely used for their combination of aesthetic appeal and mechanical strength. With the growing popularity of tooth-whitening treatments, there is increasing concern about how bleaching agents might affect these materials' mechanical properties. While existing studies indicate that in-office bleaching treatments generally have minimal impact on the diametral tensile strength (DTS) of composite resins Despite the insights provided by prior studies, there is limited information regarding how these interactions might affect the long-term mechanical properties of microhybrid composite resins. Additionally, research on RMGIC's response to bleaching remains scarce, underscoring the importance of studying its mechanical performance after exposure to in-office bleaching agents. Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the impact of 35% hydrogen peroxide bleaching on the DTS of microhybrid composite resin and RMGIC. Methods: This experimental in vitro study was conducted on 40 cylindrical specimens (6 mm diameter × 3 mm height) divided into four groups: microhybrid composite resin (with and without bleaching) and RMGIC (with and without bleaching). Specimens were cured with a second-generation LED curing unit (1300 mW/cm , 20 seconds) and stored in distilled water at 37°C for 24 hours. Bleaching was performed using 35% hydrogen peroxide for three 15-minute cycles. DTS was measured using a universal testing machine, and the results were analyzed with paired t-tests. Results: The DTS of microhybrid composite resin slightly decreased after in-office bleaching (from 47.37 ± 9.24 MPa to 46.94 ± 7.02 MPa), while RMGIC showed a decrease from 13.04 ± 0.96 MPa to 12.71 ± 1.82 MPa. These changes were not statistically significant (p > 0.05). Comparisons between materials revealed that microhybrid composite resin exhibited significantly higher DTS than RMGIC both before and after in-office bleaching (p = 0.001). Conclusion: The application of 35% hydrogen peroxide in-office bleaching had minimal and statistically insignificant effects on the DTS of microhybrid composite resin and RMGIC, suggesting that short-term bleaching protocols are safe for these materials. Further studies are needed to investigate the long-term effects and repeated in-office bleaching cycles to ensure material durability in clinical settings."

"Latar Belakang: Bahan berbasis resin, termasuk resin komposit dan semen ionomer kaca yang dimodifikasi dengan resin (RMGIC), telah menjadi pilihan optimal untuk restorasi gigi, menawarkan kekuatan mekanis dan estetika. Namun, paparan bahan pemutih, khususnya hidrogen peroksida 35%, dapat mengganggu integritas permukaan material tersebut. Tujuan: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menyelidiki pengaruh bahan pemutih 35% terhadap kekerasan mikro RMGIC dan resin komposit mikrohibrid. Bahan dan Metode: Sebanyak 20 spesimen, resin komposit mikrohibrid (n=10) dan RMGIC (n=10), dipolimerisasi menggunakan unit curing LED selama 20 detik. Setelah polimerisasi, spesimen direndam dalam aquadest selama 24 jam dan kemudian disimpan dalam inkubator pada suhu 37°C. Semua spesimen dikeringkan, dan kekerasan mikro awalnya diukur menggunakan metode Vickers. Spesimen kemudian diberi perlakuan dengan agen pemutih hidrogen peroksida 35% dengan waktu paparan 15 menit per aplikasi, yang diulang sebanyak tiga siklus. Kekerasan mikro Vickers diukur pada lima titik berbeda pada setiap sampel di setiap interval pengujian, dimulai sebelum perlakuan pemutihan. Analisis statistik dilakukan menggunakan uji T-berpasangan dan uji T- independen untuk menilai dan membandingkan variasi kekerasan mikro antar kelompok. Nilai p kurang dari 0,05 dianggap signifikan secara statistik. Hasil: Resin komposit mikrohibrid menunjukkan nilai kekerasan mikro yang lebih tinggi sebelum pemutihan dibandingkan RMGIC. Setelah paparan agen pemutih hidrogen peroksida 35%, perubahan kekerasan mikro pada spesimen resin komposit mikrohibrid dan RMGIC diamati. Perbedaan nilai kekerasan mikro sebelum dan sesudah pemutihan signifikan secara statistik (p=0,000). Resin komposit mikrohibrid menunjukkan penurunan kekerasan mikro yang lebih besar dibandingkan RMGIC (p=0,000). Kesimpulan: Aplikasi hidrogen peroksida 35% mengakibatkan penurunan kekerasan mikro pada resin komposit mikrohibrid dan RMGIC, dengan penurunan yang lebih signifikan terjadi pada resin komposit mikrohibrid.

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Background : Resin based materials, including composite resins and resin-modified glass ionomer cements (RMGIC), have emerged as an optimal choice for dental restorations, offering both mechanical strength and aesthetic properties. However, exposure to bleaching agents, particularly 35%hydrogen peroxide , can compromise the material’s surface integrity. Objective : This study aims to investigate the effect of 35% bleaching agents affect the microhardness of RMGIC and microhybrid resin composites. Materials and method : A total of 20 specimens, microhybrid composite resins (n=10) and RMGIC (n=10), were polymerized using LED curing unit for 20 seconds. Following polymerization, the specimens were immersed in aquadest for 24 hours and subsequently stored in an incubator for at 37°C. All of the specimen were dried and their baseline Vickers microhardness was measured. The specimens were then subjected to 35% hydrogen peroxide bleaching agent with a 15-minute exposure per application, repeated for three cycles. Vickers microhardness was measured at five distinct points on each sample at each testing interval, starting before the bleaching treatment. Statistical analysis was performed using paired T-tests and independent T-tests to assess and compare the variations in microhardness across the groups. A p-value of less than 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results : The microhybrid composite resins exhibited higher microhardness values prior to bleaching compared to RMGIC. Following exposure to 35% hydrogen peroxide bleaching agent, changes in the microhardness of both microhybrid composite resin and RMGIC specimens were observed. The differences in the microhardness values before and after bleaching, were statistically significant (p=0.000). Microhybrid composite resin shows a greater reduction of microhardness compared to RMGIC (p=0.000). Conclusion : The application of 35% hydrogen peroxide results in a reduction in microhardness for both microhybrid composite resin and RMGIC, with a more significant decrease observed in microhybrid composite resin."

"Latar Belakang: Bahan berbasis resin, termasuk resin komposit dan semen ionomer kaca yang dimodifikasi dengan resin (RMGIC), telah menjadi pilihan optimal untuk restorasi gigi, menawarkan kekuatan mekanis dan estetika. Namun, paparan bahan pemutih, khususnya hidrogen peroksida 35%, dapat mengganggu integritas permukaan material tersebut. Tujuan: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menyelidiki pengaruh bahan pemutih 35% terhadap kekerasan mikro RMGIC dan resin komposit mikrohibrid. Bahan dan Metode: Sebanyak 20 spesimen, resin komposit mikrohibrid (n=10) dan RMGIC (n=10), dipolimerisasi menggunakan unit curing LED selama 20 detik. Setelah polimerisasi, spesimen direndam dalam aquadest selama 24 jam dan kemudian disimpan dalam inkubator pada suhu 37°C. Semua spesimen dikeringkan, dan kekerasan mikro awalnya diukur menggunakan metode Vickers. Spesimen kemudian diberi perlakuan dengan agen pemutih hidrogen peroksida 35% dengan waktu paparan 15 menit per aplikasi, yang diulang sebanyak tiga siklus. Kekerasan mikro Vickers diukur pada lima titik berbeda pada setiap sampel di setiap interval pengujian, dimulai sebelum perlakuan pemutihan. Analisis statistik dilakukan menggunakan uji T-berpasangan dan uji T- independen untuk menilai dan membandingkan variasi kekerasan mikro antar kelompok. Nilai p kurang dari 0,05 dianggap signifikan secara statistik. Hasil: Resin komposit mikrohibrid menunjukkan nilai kekerasan mikro yang lebih tinggi sebelum pemutihan dibandingkan RMGIC. Setelah paparan agen pemutih hidrogen peroksida 35%, perubahan kekerasan mikro pada spesimen resin komposit mikrohibrid dan RMGIC diamati. Perbedaan nilai kekerasan mikro sebelum dan sesudah pemutihan signifikan secara statistik (p=0,000). Resin komposit mikrohibrid menunjukkan penurunan kekerasan mikro yang lebih besar dibandingkan RMGIC (p=0,000). Kesimpulan: Aplikasi hidrogen peroksida 35% mengakibatkan penurunan kekerasan mikro pada resin komposit mikrohibrid dan RMGIC, dengan penurunan yang lebih signifikan terjadi pada resin komposit mikrohibrid.

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Background : Resin based materials, including composite resins and resin-modified glass ionomer cements (RMGIC), have emerged as an optimal choice for dental restorations, offering both mechanical strength and aesthetic properties. However, exposure to bleaching agents, particularly 35%hydrogen peroxide , can compromise the material’s surface integrity. Objective : This study aims to investigate the effect of 35% bleaching agents affect the microhardness of RMGIC and microhybrid resin composites. Materials and method : A total of 20 specimens, microhybrid composite resins (n=10) and RMGIC (n=10), were polymerized using LED curing unit for 20 seconds. Following polymerization, the specimens were immersed in aquadest for 24 hours and subsequently stored in an incubator for at 37°C. All of the specimen were dried and their baseline Vickers microhardness was measured. The specimens were then subjected to 35% hydrogen peroxide bleaching agent with a 15-minute exposure per application, repeated for three cycles. Vickers microhardness was measured at five distinct points on each sample at each testing interval, starting before the bleaching treatment. Statistical analysis was performed using paired T-tests and independent T-tests to assess and compare the variations in microhardness across the groups. A p-value of less than 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results : The microhybrid composite resins exhibited higher microhardness values prior to bleaching compared to RMGIC. Following exposure to 35% hydrogen peroxide bleaching agent, changes in the microhardness of both microhybrid composite resin and RMGIC specimens were observed. The differences in the microhardness values before and after bleaching, were statistically significant (p=0.000). Microhybrid composite resin shows a greater reduction of microhardness compared to RMGIC (p=0.000). Conclusion : The application of 35% hydrogen peroxide results in a reduction in microhardness for both microhybrid composite resin and RMGIC, with a more significant decrease observed in microhybrid composite resin."