Hasil Pencarian  ::  Simpan CSV :: Kembali

Abstrak :
ABSTRAK
Efek Heat Island (HI) Jakarta dikaji menggunakan data suhu permukaan di 9 (sembilan) Stasiun Meteorologi Jakarta, Tanjung Priok, Serang, Halim, Cengkareng, Pondok Betung, Curug, Bogor, Citeko selama 1986-2008 (23 tahun) dan Serpong selama 2008-2011 dan 2013; penggunaan dan tutupan lahan: terbuka hijau, industri, badan air, pemukiman, lahan terbuka pada 1997, 2004, 2009, 2012; dan jumlah industri dan transportasi selama 1986-2011 (26 tahun). Metode analisis harmonik digunakan untuk menghilangkan pengaruh dominan faktor musiman dan dilakukan perataan bergerak (moving average) 30 harian agar diperoleh tren deret waktu suhu yang lebih jelas serta Mann-Kendall untuk mengetahui tingkat kepercayaan persamaan tren. Hasil studi menunjukkan industri merupakan faktor utama perubahan penggunaan dan tutupan lahan di Jakarta dengan laju kenaikan/tahun 502 Ha (10,3%) terkonsentrasi di wilayah Jakarta Timur. Aktivitas industri menyebabkan kenaikan alih fungsi tutupan lahan berbanding lurus dengan penurunan fungsi lahan hijau dan lahan terbuka di Jakarta selama 2009-2012 (4 tahun) dimana laju kenaikan 38,8%/tahun lahan industri diikuti laju penurunan 8,3%/tahun dan 13,8%/tahun untuk masing-masing fungsi lahan hijau dan lahan terbuka. Efek HI menyebabkan tren laju kenaikan suhu/tahun di Jakarta, Tanjung Priok, Serang, Halim, Pondok Betung, Cengkareng, Curug, dan Bogor berturut-turut sebesar 0.051°C, 0.021°C, 0,018°C, 0.012°C, 0.006°C, 0.006°C, 0.005°C, dan 0.004°C. Jumlah hari hujan R>40mm, R>50mm, dan R>100mm di Jakarta mengalami kenaikan tren pada tingkat kepercayaan 90% selama tahun pengamatan, dimana Jakarta lebih banyak menerima curah hujan ekstrim dibandingkan daerah pegunungan. Kenaikan tren curah hujan diikuti dengan peningkatan konsentrasi aerosol SO2 dan NO2 di daerah Kemayoran dan terbukti telah menyebabkan kenaikan kejadian banjir di Jakarta.

---

ABSTRACT
Heat Island (HI) effect in Jakarta has been studied using air temperature at 9 (nine) meteorological stations: Jakarta, Tanjung Priok, Serang, Halim, Cengkareng, Pondok Betung, Curug, Bogor, Citeko during 1986-2008 (23 years) and Serpong during 2008-2011 and 2013; land use and land cover of forest, industry, water, settlement, and open/cleared land in 1997, 2004, 2009, 2012; and total number of industry and transportation during 1986-2011. Harmonic analysis used to remove seasonal component from temperature time series data and filtered by 30-day-moving-average technique to capture its trends with significant test by Mann-Kendall method. The results show that industry played as major factor in land use and land cover changes (LULCC) over Jakarta with increasing growth/year of 502 Ha (10.3%) concentrated in the East Jakarta. Industry has similar spatial cover change with deforestation and open/cleared land expanding remarkably in Jakarta during 2009-2012 (4 years) by 38.8%/year (industry), 8.3%/year (deforestation), and 13.8%/year (open/cleared land). HI effect increased temperature trend rate/year in Jakarta, Tanjung Priok, Serang, Halim, Pondok Betung, Cengkareng, Curug, Bogor about 0.051°C, 0.021°C, 0,018°C, 0.012°C, 0.006°C, 0.006°C, 0.005°C, 0.004°C, respectively, equivalent with averaged warming in the city, suburban, and mountainous areas around 2.5°C, 0.6°C, and 0.4°C, respectively within 100 years since 2009. Rainfall days R>40mm, R>50 mm, and R>100mm in Jakarta during year observations experienced increasing trend with 90% statistically significant. Jakarta received more rainfall extreme than mountanious area. Increasing rainfall trend followed by increasing trend of aerosols SO2 and NO2 in Kemayoran and it has been causing increasing number of floods.

Abstrak :
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh distribusi curah hujan dan karakteristik fisik setiap sub-DAS Ci Liwung Hulu yang terdiri dari topografi, jenis tanah dan penggunaan tanah terhadap debit aliran Daerah Aliran Ci Liwung Hulu. Metode yang digunakan adalah Soil Conservation Service (SCS) yang disimulasikan menggunakan model hujan-debit HEC-HMS yang di validasi menggunakan metode RMSE dan Nash. Hasil pengolahan data menunjukan bahwa karakteristik dan distribusi hujan setiap sub-DAS mempengaruhi besar kecilnya debit yang dihasilkan. Sub-DAS Ci Liwung (Tugu) merupakan sub-DAS yang menghasilkan sumbangan debit terbesar pada DA Ci Liwung Hulu pada kejadian banjir Tahun 2002 dan 2007. Berdasarkan hasil validasi, simulasi, data curah hujan radar cuaca memiliki nilai simpangan yang lebih kecil dibandingkan data curah hujan observasi. Penggunaan data radar cuaca memberikan gambaran distribusi hujan spasial dengan resolusi tinggi dan dapat digunakan untuk memprediksi debit aliran yang dihasilkan oleh suatu Daerah Aliran Sungai (DAS).

---

This study aims to determine impact of rainfall distribution and physical characteristics in each sub-watershed towards run-off in the Upper Ci Liwung Watershed. It consist of topography , soil type and land use. The method utilizing Soil Conservation Service (SCS ) applied on HEC - HMS rainfallrunoff model and was validated using the RMSE and Nash. The results show that the physical characteristics and rainfall distribution of each sub-watershed has significant impact on the run-off in Upper Ci Liwung Watershed especially sub-watershed Ci Liwung ( Tugu) on the flood events of 2002 and 2007. Based on the simulation validation result, weather radar rainfall data has a deviation value smaller than rainfall data of observation . Weather radar data provide accurate rainfall measurements at high resolution and can be applied to predict run-off in watershed.

Abstrak :
[ABSTRAK
Dalam penelitian ini dilakukan kompilasi studi literatur kondisi oseanografi berupa suhu dan kedalaman yang sesuai dengan lokasi potensial fishing ground ikan tuna di Samudera Hindia Bagian Timur. Kompilasi studi literatur menghasilkan basis pengetahuan (knowledge based), disusun melalui analisis studi literatur dengan metode plot dan poligon untuk 4 spesies tuna (tuna mata besar, tuna madidihang, tuna albakora, dan tuna sirip biru selatan). Rancangan poligon menunjukkan bahwa tuna albakora potensial tertangkap pada kedalaman 8 - 250 m dengan suhu 16,00 - 26,36 0C, tuna madidihang 42,70 - 340,30 m dengan suhu 14,02 - 27,97 0C, tuna mata besar 48,63 - 466,51 m dengan suhu 8,79 - 29,13 0C, tuna sirip biru pada kedalaman 52 - 492 m dengan suhu 8,14 - 19,86 0C. Poligon divalidasi dengan mempergunakan data tangkapan tuna harian selama 3 hari pada lokasi berbeda berdasarkan koordinat lintang dan bujur. Data insitu suhu dan kedalaman diperoleh melalui Infrastructure Development of Space Oceanography (INDESO) dan Global Ocean Data Asimilation Experinment (GODAE) selama 1 bulan (Januari 2015). Proses interpolasi pada poligon dilakukan untuk mendapatkan kritera suhu dan kedalaman yang dipergunakan pada rancangan peta tematik 3D. Pada bagian akhir penelitian terdapat rekomendasi rancangan alur logika perancangan sistem informasi lokasi potensial fishing ground tuna untuk implementasi model 3D.

---

ABSTRACT
In this research, compilation of literature studies consisting of oceanographic conditions (temperature and depth) which appropriate with potential location of tuna fishing ground in Eastern Indian Ocean had been done. These compilation then were analyzed using plot and polygon methods for 4 tuna species (bigeye tuna, yellowfin tuna, albacore tuna and southern bluefin tuna). Based on polygon method, it showed that albacore tuna were potentially caught at depth of 8 - 250 m and at temperature of 16,00 - 26,36 0C, yellowfin tuna at 42,70 - 340,30 m and 14,02 - 27,97 0C, bigeye tuna at 48,63 - 466,51 m and 8,79 - 29,13 0C, southern Bluefin tuna at 52 - 492 m and 8,14 - 19,86 0C. These polygon were validated using tuna fishing capture information for 3 days at different location based on their coordinates (latitude and longitude). In situ data on temperature and depth were obtained from the Infrastructure Development of Space Oceanography (INDESO) and the Global Ocean Data Assimilation Experiment (GODAE) for one month (January 2015). Interpolation process had been done to obtain temperature and depth criteria that were used in 3D thematic mapping design. At the end of the research, there is a recommendation in designing of logical flow of information system on location that were potential for tuna fishing ground using 3D model implementation., In this research, compilation of literature studies consisting of oceanographic conditions (temperature and depth) which appropriate with potential location of tuna fishing ground in Eastern Indian Ocean had been done. These compilation then were analyzed using plot and polygon methods for 4 tuna species (bigeye tuna, yellowfin tuna, albacore tuna and southern bluefin tuna). Based on polygon method, it showed that albacore tuna were potentially caught at depth of 8 - 250 m and at temperature of 16,00 - 26,36 0C, yellowfin tuna at 42,70 - 340,30 m and 14,02 - 27,97 0C, bigeye tuna at 48,63 - 466,51 m and 8,79 - 29,13 0C, southern Bluefin tuna at 52 - 492 m and 8,14 - 19,86 0C. These polygon were validated using tuna fishing capture information for 3 days at different location based on their coordinates (latitude and longitude). In situ data on temperature and depth were obtained from the Infrastructure Development of Space Oceanography (INDESO) and the Global Ocean Data Assimilation Experiment (GODAE) for one month (January 2015). Interpolation process had been done to obtain temperature and depth criteria that were used in 3D thematic mapping design. At the end of the research, there is a recommendation in designing of logical flow of information system on location that were potential for tuna fishing ground using 3D model implementation.]