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Abstrak :
ABSTRAK
The search for novel biological activities from plant-based natural products is gaining traction due to the high abundance and accessibility of the plants, with consequent lower cost for discovery, and lesser side effects and toxicity on human health and the environment. This study focused on the phytochemical analyses and the potency of mangrove-associated Hibiscus tiliaceus extracts and fractions as anti-bacteria and anti- biofilm agents against Pseudomonas aeruginosa. The bacterial strain contributes towards biofilm formation of various infectious diseases such as cystic fibrosis in lung, and causes blockage in urinary catheter. It is also an initiator of biofouling in shipping and maritime facilities. the methanol extracts of each part of fruits, leaves, and twigs were fractionated into chloroform, ethyl acetate, and methanol fractions using column chromatography. crystal violet assay was carried out for anti-biofilm activity in a 96 well-plate to evaluate the bacterial inhibition and biofilm formation. Phytocemical analyses suggested the presence of protein, carbohydrate, phenols, tannin, flavonoids, saponins, glycoside, steroids, terpenoids, and alkaloids in Hibiscus tiliaceus. The strongest anti-bacterial and anti-biofilm activities were exhibited by the chloroform fraction of fruits (HFC). the methanol crude of fruits (HFMc), methanol fraction of fruits (HFM), and chloroform fraction of twig (HTC) showed more than 80% inhibition as compared to the control.the results suggested that Hibiscus tiliaceus had a good potential to be developed as anti-bacterial and anti-biofilm agents.

Abstrak :
ABSTRAK
In this study, characterization of fatty acids in Dictyota dichotoma and Sargassum granuliferum, the sea-weeds collected from Pulau Nuyunan, Sabah, were carried out. fatty acid methyl-ester analysis (FAME) showed palmitic acid, elaidic acid, stearic acid, cis- 11,14,17-eicosatrienoic acid and erucic acid were dominant in both seaweeds with co poly- and mono-unsaturated fatty acids were higher than the saturated fatty acids. The pure compounds isolated from Sargassum granuliferum were hexadecanoic acid, pentadecanoic acid, docosanoic acid, tetracosanoic acid, octadecanoic acid, eicosanoic acid and oleamide. Meanwhile, hexadecanoic acid, tetradecanoic acid and 2-hydroxyhexadecanoic acid were isolated from Dictyota dichotoma. All fatty acids isolated exhibited anti-fouling properties with broader activities shown for hexadecanoic acid and fatty acids isolated from Sargassum granuliferum and also more superior than Dictyota dichotoma.

Abstrak :
ABSTRAK
Breast cancer is the second leading cause of cancer death and the most common form of cancer affecting women worldwide. The search for natural products for cancer therapy is an area of great interest. The main aim of this study was to determine the cytotoxic effects and the mechanisms of cell death of the crude extracts from mangrove plant, Avecennia alba on human breast carcinoma cell line, MCF-7. Diethyl ether, butanol and methanol extracts were prepared from the leaves of Avecennia alba. cytotoxicity study using MTS assay demonstrated that all the three extracts produced dose-dependent inhibition on MCF-7 cell growth, albeit at different levels. Diethyl ether extracts produced the most potent cytotoxicity, followed by butanol and methanol extracts with IC50 values of 25.1, 27.1 and 28.9 µg/mL, respectively, after 72 h incubation. The DeadEndTM Colorimetric Apoptosis Detection System suggested that all the three extracts exerted cytotoxicity on MCF-7 cells via apoptosis. TLC proling demonstrated the presence of phenolic and alkaloid compounds in methanol, diethyl ether and butanol extracts which may be responsible for mediating the cytototoxicity. the methanol, diethyl ether and butanol extracts of Avecennia alba may contain potential compounds to be developed as anti-cancer agents against breast cancer.