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"ABSTRAKBackground: obesity and osteoarthritis have strong inter-relationship with multi-factorial mechanism thatcaused pain and leads to decreased quality of life. Exercise has been identified as prevention and managementagainst obesity and joint pain. This systematic review aims to assess the effect between exercises compared to dietgroup for chronic pain management, physical and mental function in obese patients with chronic musculoskeletalproblem. Methods: we performed a systematic search of Randomized Control Trial studies from Cochrane CentralRegister of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL); MEDLINE; EBSCO; SCIENCEDIRECT (Elsevier); SCOPUS, greyliterature, trial registry, ongoing study for published studies, and from the ClinicalTrial.gov, thesis of rehabilitationmedicine in RSCM, and proceeding books for unpublished studies that was last updated on November 2016. Riskof bias was assessed using Cochrane risk-of-bias tool and data were analyzed using Review Manager 2014.Results: one study showed no difference in pain reduction (assessed using VAS) between two groups. Two studiesshowed improvement in physical function measured using 6MWT in exercise group at 6 and 18 months with meandifference 28.12 [11.20, 45.04] and 26.21 [9.01, 43.41]. There was no significant effects observed for Mental andPhysical Function based on SF-36 after 6 months (1 study) and 18 months (2 studies) observation, with meandifference 1.10 [-0.79, 2.99] and 0.08 [-1.53, 1.70] respectively for Mental Function score and -0.30 [-2.54, 1.94]and -0.36 [-2.30, 1.57] respectively for Physical Function score. Conclusion: exercise can improve physicalfunction objectively, but could not reduce pain in obese patients with chronic musculoskeletal problem subjectively.Keywords: exercises intervention, chronic pain management, functional score, quality of life, systematic review."

"Latar belakang: Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui efektivitas pemakaian Removable rigid dressing (RRD) dibandingkan dengan perban elastik pada pasien diabetes melitus pascaamputasi transtibia.Metode: Desain penelitian adalah studi intervensi dengan menggunakan sampling konsekutif, dilakukan randomisasi untuk membagi menjadi dua kelompok perlakuan yaitu perban elastik dan RRD. Dua puluh tiga subjek yang berhasil dianalisis. Volume edema puntung dinilai dengan mengukur jumlah volume air yang tertumpah dari gelas ukur. Volume edema dan nyeri di evaluasi setiap tujuh hari selama delapan minggu. Perban elastik harus dibalut ulang setiap empat jam per hari dan RRD dicetak ulang setiap tujuh hari saat evaluasi.Hasil: Penurunan volume edema puntung lebih cepat di kelompok RRD dibandingkan perban elastik pada minggu pertama dan kedua, secara statistik bermakna (p = 0,03, p = 0,01) serta percepatan waktu puntung menjadi tidak edema (p = 0,03). Rerata penurunan volume edema puntung di kelompok RRD sebesar 63,85% di minggu kedua, dan 34,35% di kelompok perban elastik. Terdapat kecendrungan penurunan nilai nyeri puntung yang lebih cepat di kelompok RRD (minggu 4,83 ± 1,95) dibandingkan kelompok perban elastik (minggu 5,18 ± 2,31) walaupun secara statistik tidak bermakna (p = 0,6). Analisis kesintasan dengan uji regresi Cox terhadap waktu penurunan volume edema didapatkan nilai RR = 3,088 (CI 95%: 1,128 ? 4,916).Kesimpulan: RRD mempercepat penurunan volume edema puntung dibandingkan perban elastik dan kemungkinan tiga kali lebih cepat untuk puntung menjadi tidak edema dibandingkan perban elastik. Terdapat kecenderungan lebih cepat waktu puntung menjadi tidak nyeri di kelompok RRD dibandingkan perban elastik walaupun secara statistik tidak bermakna.

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Background: The aim of this study was to evaluate the RRD?s efficacy in decreasing stump edema and pain compared to elastic bandage for diabetic mellitus patients after transtibial amputation.

Methods: Interventional research was using consecutive sampling. Subjects were randomized into two groups: RRD and elastic bandage. Twenty-three subjects were analyzed. Stump edema volume was measured by the amount of water spilled out from volume glass. Elastic bandage was reapplied every 4 hours and RRD was refitted every 7 days during evaluation time. Stump edema volume was evaluated every 7 days during the 8 week observation.

Results: There was a significant decrease of stump volume in RRD group during the first and second week (p = 0.03, p = 0.01) and the edema decreasing time was also significant (p = 0,03). The average decrease of edema volume in RRD was 63.85% of second week and in the elastic bandage group was 34.35%. There were a tendency of pain reduction time in RRD group (4.83 ± 1.95 weeks) compared to elastic bandage group (5.18 ± 2.31weeks). Cox regression result of decreasing edema volume time was 3.088 (CI 95%: 1.128 ? 4.916).

Conclusion: This study found that there was stump edema volume acceleration in RRD group, it was three times faster for stump to become not edematous compared to elastic bandage group. There was a tendency of faster decreasing stump pain in RRD group than elastic bandage group, eventhough this result was not statistically significant."