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"ABSTRAKBackground: periodontitis is a major cause of chronic infection in diabetic patients. Diabetic patients have four-fold risk of having cardiovascular disease. Chronic inflammation caused by periodontitis, a non-traditional cardiovascular risk factor is widely known to play a major role in atherogenesis. Among non-diabetics, an association has been found between periodontitis and arterial stiffness, but in diabetic patients the result is inconsistent. No study has investigated either the proportion of periodontitis or its correlation with arterial stiffness in type 2 diabetes population in Indonesia. Methods: this study was a cross-sectional study involving 97 patients with type 2 diabetics, who were recruited on Endocrinology Clinic from April to August 2017. Periodontitis was measured for pocket depth, clinical attachment loss and bleeding on probing by a periodontist. Carotid-femoral PWV (Pulse Wave Velocity) was measured using SphygmoCor Xcel with cuff-based tonometry technique. Results: periodontitis was found in 99% type 2 diabetic subjects and 78% of them had severe periodontitis. There was no significant correlation found between pocket depth, clinical attachment loss and cfPWV (r=0.024, p=0.407 and r=0.011, p=0.456); whereas there was a weak positive correlation between pocket depth and PWV (r=0.294, p=0.041) in well-controlled type 2 diabetics. Conclusion: most of type-2 diabetics had severe periodontitis; however, the correlation between periodontitis and arterial stiffness could not be concluded in this study."

"ABSTRACTBackground: with the increasing number of patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS) with complex coronary lesion and the increasing needs of coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) procedures, there is an increasing need for a tool to perform early stratification in high-risk patients, which can be used in daily clinical practice, even at first-line health care facilities setting in Indonesia. It is expected that early stratification of highrisk patients can reduce morbidity and mortality rate in patients with ACS. This study aimed to identify diagnostic accuracy of platelet/lymphocyte ratio (PLR) and the optimum cut-off point of PLR as a screening tool for identifying a complex coronary lesion in patients ≤45 and >45 years old. Methods: this was a retrospective cross-sectional study, conducted at the ICCU of Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital. Data was obtained from medical records of adult patients with ACS who underwent coronary angiography between January 2012 - July 2015. The inclusion criteria were adult ACS patients (aged ≥18 years old), diagnosed with ACS and underwent coronary angiography during hospitalization. Diagnostic accuracy was determined by calculating sensitivity, specificity, positive likelihood ratio (LR+), and negative likelihood ratio (LR-). The cut-off point was determined using ROC curve. Results: the proportion of ACS patients with complex coronary lesion in our study was 47.2%. The optimum cut-off point in patients aged ≤45 years was 111.06 with sensitivity, specificity, LR+ and LR of 91.3%, 91.9%, 11.27 and 0.09, respectively. The optimum cut-off points in patients aged >45 years was 104.78 with sensitivity, specificity, LR+ and LR of 91.7%, 58.6%, 2.21 and 0.14, respectively. Conclusion: the optimum cut-off point for PLR in patients aged ≤ 45 years is 111.06 and for patients with age >45 years is 104.78 with diagnostic accuracy, represented by AUC of 93.9% (p<0.001) and 77.3% (p<0.001), respectively for both age groups."