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"AbstractThis paper presents an analysis of the effect of fiscal policy in Indonesia based on a VAR approach. Fiscal policy shocks are identified as a structural residuals related to unexpected government expenditures and tax revenues. Impulse responses are then used to simulate the dynamic response of key macroeconomics variables of shocks. The analysis shows that GDP responses negatively to tax shocks, and positively to expenditure shock. Moreover, disposable income and private consumptionreact negatively to taxation and positively to government expenditures. Altogether the results are consistent with that of Keynesian models."

"This research is aimed to investigate the key sectors in the economy of Sanggau District. This research is descriptive and is using input-output analysis to find out the multiplier of economic sectors. In addition we also investigate the linkage among economic sectors, which are measured by backward and forward linkage indexes. The finding of this research shows that there are two sectors being the key namely the processing industry and transportation and communication sectors with backward and forward linkage indexes above the average level of the other sectors. Agriculture were found to be the sector with the biggest employment absorption. Based on this finding, the development policy strategies should be directed toward the policy that creates maximum economy, particularly in the sectors of processing industry and transportation and communication. As it will create a better distribution of job vacation among sectors in Sanggau District."

"Abstrakhis study aims to evaluate bureaucratic reform strategies in organizational units within the Coor- dinating Ministry of Politics, Law and Secutiry (Kemenko Polhukam). Bureaucratic Reformation has the main objective of realizing world-class governance characterized by the implementation of effective, efficient, accountable, transparent governance, clean from collusion, corruption and nepo- tism practices or clean government, so that can ultimately improve employees performances related to the tasks and functions of the Kemenko Polhukam which are synchronization and coordination of planning, drafting and implementing policies in the fields of politics, law and security. One area of reform that is quite important to improve is public services, especially in the current era of regional autonomy which provides opportunities for regions to innovate, creative, and create the best models for achieving quality improvement for the community. The research methodology used in this study was qualitative research that resulted descriptive data by using the CIPP (Contexts, Input, Process and Product) evaluation model. The results showed that bureaucratic reform in the Coordinating Ministry for Politics and Security was quite good, which increased from the previous year as much as 6.1%. Several bureaucratic strategies were implemented between changing the management, ar- ranging the laws, arranging organization and governance, structuring the HR management system, strengthening supervision, strengthening public accountability teams, improving the quality of public services, monitoring and evaluating the related units."

"Di Indonesia bahan cetak alginate banyak digunakan di kalanan kedokteran gigi walaupun masih harus diimpor dari luar negeri. Sejak krisis tahun 1998 harga bahan cetak alginate terus meningkat sampai empat kali pada saat itu. Keadaan ini menyebabkan ada usaha untuk memodifikasi bahan cetak alginat seperti yang dilakukan oleh salah seorang dokter gigi di propinsi Sumatera Selatan-Indonesia. Usahanya adalah menambahkan pati ubi kayu ke dalam bahan cetak alginat yang digunakan untuk membuat gigi tiruan lepas. Peneltian ini bertujuan untuk melihat pengaruh penambahan pati ubi kayu yang dicampurkan ke dalam bahan cetak alginat dalam hal kemampuan reproduksi detail hasil pencetakan yang dicor dengan gipsum tipe III. 120 spesimen dibagi dalam 6 kelompok dengan variasi penambahan pati ubi kayu 45-55%. Spesimen adalah hasil cetakan dari reproduksi detail test block berdasarkan ISO No. 1563/1978 dan diperiksa di bawah steromikroskop. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa bahan cetak alginat yang ditambahkan pati ubi kayu sampai dengan 47.5% masih dapat mencetak dengan baik berupa garis dengan kedalaman 50 m dan 75 m.

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The utilization of additional cassava starch (Manihot utilisima) for alginate dental impression material. In Indonesia alginate which is a common impression material used in dentistry is still imported. Since the economic crisis in 1998 the alginate price becoming four times more expensive. This situation resulted in efforts to modify the commercial alginate as had been conducted by a dentist in South Sumatera province in Indonesia. He who had added cassava starch into the commercial alginate used to make partial denture impression. The aim of this research is to investigate the effect of additional cassava starch into the commercial alginate on its ability to produce reproduction detail using type III gypsum the amont of 120 specimens were divided into 6 group of various additional cassava starch 45?55%. The specimens then being impressed with detail reproduction tool (ISO No. : 1563/1978) and the result is then analyzed under a stereo microscope. Conclusion: the alginate impression material with cassava starch with ratio up to 47,5% can be used as an impression in 50μm and 75μm in depth line."

"Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendapatkan karakteristik mekanik komposit serat alam khususnya serat rami dengan matriks epoksi yang akan diaplikasikan sebagai bahan alternatif pada desain soket prostesis. Fokus penelitian adalah pengujian komposit lamina serat rami epoksi mengacu standar American Society for Testing Material (ASTM) D3039/D 3039M untuk pengujian tarik dan ASTM D 4255/D 4255M-83 untuk pengujian geser. Serat rami yang digunakan adalah serat kontinyu dengan kode produksi 100% Ne 14?S, menggunakan matriks berupa Epoxy Resin Bakelite EPR 174 dan Epoxy Hardener V-140. Metode pembuatan sampel uji komposit lamina dengan cara hand lay up terhadap serat rami kontinyu pada suhu kamar. Hasil pengujian karakteristik mekanik komposit serat rami epoksi akan dibandingkan dengan standard ISO untuk bahan plastik/polymer yang diaplikasikan pada bidang kesehatan, khususnya untuk Prosthetics dan Orthotics. Analisis dilengkapi dengan hasil pengamatan berbantuan Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) untuk mengetahui modus kegagalan dan kriteria kegagalan. Berdasarkan hasil pengujian dapat disimpulkan bahwa komposit lamina serat rami epoksi berpotensi untuk dikembangkan lebih lanjut sebagai material alternatif dalam pembuatan soket prostesis atas lutut pada Vf 40-50%. Hasil penelitian akan dibahas secara lebih detail dalam makalah ini.

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This paper presents an investigation into the application of natural fiber composite especially ramie fiber reinforced epoxy lamina composite for socket prosthesis. The research focuses on the tensile and shear strength from ramie fiber reinforced epoxy lamina composite which will be applied as alternative material for socket prosthesis. The research based on American Society for Testing Material (ASTM) standard D 3039/D 3039M for tensile strength and ASTM D 4255/D 4255M-83 for shear strength. The ramie fiber applied is a fiber continue 100 % Ne14'S with Epoxy Resin Bakelite EPR 174 as matrix and Epoxy Hardener V-140 as hardener. The sample composite test made by hand lay up method. Multiaxial characteristic from ramie fiber reinforced epoxy composite will be compared with ISO standard for plastic/polymer for health application and refers strength of material application at Prosthetics and Orthotics. The analysis was completed with the mode of the failure and the failure criterion observation by using Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM). Based on results of the research could be concluded that ramie fiber reinforced epoxy composite could be developed further as the alternative material for socket prosthesis on Vf 40-50%. Results of the research will be discussed in more detail in this paper."

"Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of immersion time in artificial saliva on the flexural strength of provisional crown and bridge (p-c&b) materials. Materials and Methods: Two types of p-c&b materials were used in this study: Light polymerized p-c&b material (Revotek LC) and autopolymerized p-c&b material (PerfecTemp II). A total of 100 specimens were fabricated and measured according to ISO 4049/2000. A stainless steel mould was used to prepare 2mm x 2mm x 25mm bar shaped specimens. All materials were dispensed and manipulated according to the manufacturers' instructions. The specimens were divided into 5 groups (n=10). Each specimen of the first group was measured immediately after preparation. The second, third, fourth and fifth groups were immersed in artificial saliva at 37°C in an incubator for 1 hour, 1 day, 7 days, 14 days, respectively. Flexural strength was tested by Universal Mechanical Testing Machine Shimadzu in a 3-point bending test. The Repeated ANOVA and Post-Hoc Bonferroni test were used to compare the continuous variables between the groups. Result: The results showed flexural strength of Revotek LC were higher than PerfecTemp II achieved the highest value in 7 days. Conclusion: Flexural strength of p-c&b materials were influenced by immersion time in artificial saliva and the type of p-c&b materials."

"Classification is a method for compiling data systematically according to the rules that have been set previously. In recent years classification method has been proven to help many people’s work, such as image classification, medical biology, traffic light, text classification etc. There are many methods to solve classification problem. This variation method makes the researchers find it difficult to determine which method is best for a problem. This framework is aimed to compare the ability of classification methods, such as Support Vector Machine (SVM), K-Nearest Neighbor (K-NN), and Backpropagation, especially in study cases of image retrieval with five category of image dataset. The result shows that K-NN has the best average result in accuracy with 82%. It is also the fastest in average computation time with 17.99 second during retrieve session for all categories class. The Backpropagation, however, is the slowest among three of them. In average it needed 883 second for training session and 41.7 second for retrieve session.

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Klasifikasi adalah metode untuk menyusun data secara sistematis menurut aturan-aturan yang telah ditetapkan sebelumnya. Dalam beberapa tahun terakhir metode klasifikasi telah terbukti membantu pekerjaan banyak orang, seperti klasifikasi citra, alat-alat medis, lampu lalu lintas, klasifikasi teks dll. Ada banyak metode yang dapat digunakan untuk memecahkan masalah klasifikasi, metode yang bervariasi ini membuat para peneliti menemukan kesulitan dalam menentukan metode manakah yang terbaik untuk menyelesaikan masalahnya. Artikel ini bertujuan untuk membandingkan kemampuan metode klasifikasi, seperti Support Vector Machine (SVM), K-Nearest Neighbor (K-NN), dan Back-propagation khususnya dalam studi kasus image retrieval (pencarian gambar) dengan lima kategori dataset citra. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa K-NN memiliki nilai rata-rata akurasi terbaik dengan 82% dan yang tercepat dengan rata-rata waktu komputasi selama 17,99 detik untuk proses pencarian gambar pada semua kategori kelas. Sebaliknya, Backpropagation merupakan metode paling lambat di antara ketiganya. Metode ini rata-rata memerlukan waktu 883 detik untuk sesi pelatihan dan 41,7 detik untuk sesi pencarian gambar."