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"Serai wangi Cymbopogon nardus L. merupakan tanaman penghasil minyak atsiri di Indonesia. Proses penyulingan akan menghasilkan residu yang berpotensi dijadikan sebagai pengganti hijauan untuk pakan ternak. Proses kecernaan pakan pada rumen kerbau atau cairan rumen perlu diteliti lebih lanjut. Sehingga perlu dilakukan penelitian mengenai degradasi pakan serai wangi segar dan residu serai wangi secara in sacco, serta perbedaan karakteristik fermentasi pakan dengan cairan rumen kerbau secara in sacco dan in vitro. Uji metode in sacco dengan sampel residu dan serai wangi segar, dilakukan di dalam fistula kerbau pada jam ke-0, 2, 4, 6, 12, 24 dan 48 jam, sedangkan in vitro dilakukan di dalam syringe dengan 5 perlakuan, yaitu A 0,4 g residu serai wangi, B 0,4 g residu serai wangi 0,01 g konsentrat, C 0,4 g residu serai wangi 0,02 g konsentrat, D 0,01 g konsentrat dan E 0,02 g konsentrat. Hasil penelitian in sacco menunjukkan bahwa residu dan serai wangi segar memiliki perbedaan bahan kering 95,56 dan 94,52, bahan organik 89,57 dan 88,1, serat kasar 35,03 dan 36,00, lemak kasar 2,79 dan 1,96, protein kasar 5,82 dan 7,15, neutral detergent fiber NDF 73,67 dan 70,17, tanin 1,18 dan 1,21mg/g, sedangkan DBK, DBO dan DNDF mengalami kenaikan tingkat degradasi sampai dengan pengamatan 48 jam. Hasil uji in vitro menunjukkan, bahwa produksi metana tertinggi adalah perlakuan D, sebesar 98,2, kemudian E 92,06, C 17,71, A 15,33 and B 13,54. Berdasarkan kedua penelitian tersebut, diketahui bahwa kemungkinan residu serai wangi dapat digunakan untuk pakan ternak ruminansia dan metana dapat direduksi oleh residu serai wangi.

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Citronella Cymbopogon nardus L. is an essential oil producing plant in Indonesia. The refining process will produce a residue that has a potential forage for animal feed. However, the process of digestibility on buffalo rumen or fluid rumen should be studied further. Therefore, research should be done to study citronella degradation and fresh citronella residue using in sacco, As well as the differences concentration of methane affected by the different forage concentration given by in vitro. Residue sample and citronella analysis was done using in sacco method, inside buffalo fistula on 0,2,4,6,12,24, and 48 hours observations. Whereas in vitro method was carried out in syringe with 5 treatments, ie a 0.4 g the residue of citronella, B 0.4 g the residue of citronella 0.01 g of concentrate, C 0.4 g the residue of citronella 0.02 g of concentrate, D 0,01 g of concentrate and E 0.02 g concentrate.

The study using in sacco method showed that residues and fresh citronella has dried material difference 95.56 and 94.52, organic material 89.57 and 88.1, crude fiber 35.03 and 36.00, crude fat 2.79 and 1.96, crude protein 5.82 and 7.15, neutral detergent fiber NDF 73.67 and 70.17, tannins 1.18 And 1.21mg g, while DBK, DBO and DNDF had increased rate of degradation on 48 hour observation. The results of in vitro study showed that the highest methane production is treatment D, it was 98.2, followed by E 92.06, C 17.71, A 15.33, B 13.54. Based on these two studies, we can see that residue citronella can be potentially used as animal feed and methane can be reduced by residues of citronella."

"ABSTRAKAedes aegypti merupakan vektor penting beberapa virus penyakit antara lain dengue, chikungunya, deman kuning yellow fever dan Zika. Pengendalian populasi vektor menggunakan teknik serangga mandul TSM adalah salah satu metode potensial untuk mencegah dan membatasi penyebaran virus penyakit tersebut. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengevaluasi pengaruh laju dosis iradiasi gamma pada parameter kualitas nyamuk jantan mandul steril . Ae. aegypti jantan pada stadium pupa disterilisasi dengan iradiasi gamma dosis 70 Gy dengan variasi laju dosis, yaitu 0 kontrol , 300, 600, 900, 1200 dan 1500 Gy/jam menggunakan iradiator panorama. Nyamuk dewasa yang berkembang dari stadium pupa dievaluasi parameter kualitasnya, yaitu persentase kemunculan nyamuk dewasa, umur nyamuk, sterilitas, daya saing kawin, kandungan testosteron dan analisis sekuen pada faktor penentu nyamuk jantan, yaitu gen Nix. Hasil penelitian mengindikasikan bahwa tidak ada pengaruh signifikan laju dosis iradiasi gamma terhadap persentase kemunculan nyamuk dewasa, sterilitas dan kandungan testosteron. Secara umum, umur nyamuk iradiasi gamma lebih rendah dibanding kontrol. Data juga menunjukkan bahwa umur nyamuk naik secara signifikan dari laju dosis 300 Gy/jam hingga 900 Gy/jam, kemudian menurun hingga laju dosis 1500 Gy/jam. Daya saing kawin nyamuk jantan iradiasi gamma meningkat dari laju dosis 300 Gy/jam hingga 1200 Gy/jam, kemudian nilainya menurun secara signifikan pada laju dosis 1500 Gy/jam. Laju dosis iradiasi gamma menyebabkan mutasi gen Nix, faktor determinasi jantan pada nyamuk Ae. aegypti. Hasil penelitian memberikan informasi dan berkontribusi dalam upaya optimasi proses sterilisasi dengan iradiasi gamma dan parameter kualitas nyamuk jantan Ae. aegypti dalam TSM.

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ABSTRACTAedes aegypti is the most important vector for dengue, chikungunya, yellow fever and Zika viruses. Vector population control program utilizing radiation based sterile insect technique SIT is one of the potential methods for preventing and limiting the dispersal of these viruses. The present study was undertaken to evaluate the dose rates effects of irradiation on quality parameters of sterile males. Males Ae. aegypti at the pupal stage were sterilized by applying 70 Gy rays in varies dose rates, i.e. 0 control , 300, 600, 900, 1200 and 1500 Gy h utilizing panoramic irradiator. Adult males that emerged from the pupal stage were assessed for their quality parameters, which are the percentage of emergence, longevity, sterility, mating competitiveness, testosterone level and sequence analysis of the male determination factor, Nix gene. The results herein indicate that there was no major effect of dose rate on the percentage of emergence, sterility and testosterone level. Generally, the longevity of irradiated males was lower compared to control. The data also demonstrated that longevity was significantly increased at the dose rate from 300 to 900 Gy h, then decreased at the dose rate 900 to 1500 Gy h. Mating competitiveness of irradiated males was increased at the dose rate from 300 to 1200 Gy h, then the value was decreased significantly at the dose rate 1500 Gy h. The dose rate was causes Nix gene mutation, Ae. aegypti male determination factor. The results give information and contribute to better understanding towards sterilization optimization and quality parameters of sterile male Ae. aegypti on SIT methods."