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"ABSTRAKIndonesia in general is an archipelagic country, but only eight provinces specifically have island characteristics, this is indicated by the comparison of land and sea area and the presence of islands. The big difference in the characteristics between the island province with the provincial non archipelago cause differences in the solution to any problems encountered. One of the problems faced by island provinces is the slow distribution of goods which results in the difficulty of production competitiveness, the decline in the quality of goods consumed by the people and the price disparity felt by the people in the islands. The existence of sea tolls has not been utilized optimally especially by island provinces in the eastern region of Indonesia. This study aims to outline solutions to overcome problems related to goods distribution and accelerate economic equality in island provinces, especially those located in eastern Indonesia. The method used in this study is a description and analysis of exploration. Some of the solutions outlined are the utilization of the sea tolls and cooperation with pioneering shipping to build special supply chains, map the potential of the region, and develop potential centers. In addition to the sea toll, Bulog's role as an institution that can support distribution and warehousing is also sharpened. As a supporter of transactions and distribution, the role of PT Pos Indonesia and cooperatives was also considered. Both institutions can act as financial intermediary services related to joint accounts, savings and loans, and guaranteed transactions. this is done so that the potential of all levels of society can be maximized. furthermore, the role of the regional government as a policy regulator also has a role in the use of infrastructure sharing."

"The research aims to scale up a small-scale stirred batch reactor to a large-scale stirred batch reactor in order to degum crude palm oil for use as a raw material in biodiesel production. The scale-up is based on the similarity of fluid Reynolds numbers in the two differently sized reactors. To achieve this aim, computational fluid dynamic modeling and simulations of the two reactors were performed. A small-scale palm oil degumming process was carried out in a 250 cc autoclave reactor using a magnetic stirrer at 500 rpm. The simulation results of this small reactor yielded a fluid Reynolds number in the range of 5 to 3,482. The large-scale reactor proposed in this research is 1.25 m3 in volume and is equipped with two impellers: a pitched blade impeller and a Rushton turbine impeller. The pitched blade impeller is placed over the Rushton turbine impeller. They are rotated at 100 rpm. Under this setting and operation, the resulting fluid Reynolds number was in the range of 486 to 202,000. This result indicates that the large-scale reactor was able to reproduce the reaction performance obtained in the small-scale reactor."

"This paper aims to: (1) specify factors mediating the effects of consumer animosity towards theconsumers’ willingness to purchase imported products; (2) specify factors mediating the effects of allocentrismtowards consumers’ purchasing willingness on imported product; and (3) examine whetherproduct quality comparison between domestic vis-à-vis imported products moderates the relationshipsbetween: (a) consumer animosity and consumers’ willingness to purchase (b)ethnocentrism andconsumers’ willingness to purchase. A survey was conducted to 209 respondents that have boughtMalaysian products in the past three months and lived in Jabodetabek (Jakarta, Bogor, Depok, andBekasi) area. The result shows that ethnocentrism mediated the relationship between animosity andconsumers’ willingness to purchase; while it does not work as a mediator in the relationship betweenallocentrism and consumers’ willingness to purchase. In addition, product quality comparison doesnot moderate the relationship between animosity and consumers’ willingness to purchase as well asethnocentrism and consumers’ willingness to purchase. Interpretations, contributions, and implicationsfor manager are also discussed.Studi yang bersifat eksplorasi ini fokus pada persepsi dokter terhadap produk farmasi domestikdan multinasional . Dokter dapat mempengaruhi keputusan pembelian obat dengan menjalankanperan sebagai pengguna ( user ), pemberi pengaruh (influencer) , penjaga arus informasi (gatekeeper)dan pembuat keputusan (deciders), sedangkan pasien melakukan peran sebagai pembeli (buyer) danpengguna (user). Perbedaan persepsi diukur dalam hal produk, citra merek dan harga. Data dikumpulkandari sampel 15 dokter (n = 15) dengan menggunakan kuesioner yang terdiri dari 12 pertanyaanyang diukur dalam skala Likert . Penelitian ini mengungkapkan bahwa citra merek merupakan faktoryang paling mempengaruhi harga obat-obatan dan citra merek sangat berkaitan dengan kualitas dantingkat promosi untuk produk yang mendasarinya. Selain itu, dokter menganggap produk multinasionalberbeda dan lebih baik dari produk dalam negeri karena citra merek yang lebih kuat . Penelitianini juga memberikan kesimpulan bahwa preferensi dokter tidak sepenuhnya bebas bias dan dapat dipengaruhioleh perusahaan obat-obatan. Karena penelitian ini merupakan penelitian eksplorasi, makatemuan penelitian ini perlu divalidasi dalam studi lanjutan dengan sampel yang lebih besar."

"Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) partnership between the public sector and the private sector has become a new trend in Indonesia in order to overcome budget constraint. However, most CSR programs are not empowering and the LocalGovernments tend to share development burden to the private sector. Kulon Progo Regency is the poorest region in Java Island that conducts a CSR partnership through One Village One Sister Company (OVOSC) program. This study viewed communityempowerment and the discretion of the private sector in OVOSC program. The research approach of this study was the qualitative approach, which utilize in-depth interviews and literature study.Research results show that OVOSC program is dominated bycharity programs. The private companies also have relatively large discretion because the Government tends to share development task to external actors based on the philosophy of gotong royong (mutual cooperation). Kulon Progo Regency Government shouldendorse the companies to launch more empowerment programs and strengthen the monitoring in order to avoid the companies from abusing the discretion. This research also confirms the statement from Donahue and Zeckhauser (2011) that categorized CSRas an alternative way to engage private players in public missions and different from collaborative governance.

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Kerja Sama Tanggung Jawab Sosial Perusahaan (TSP) antara sektor publik dan swasta menjadi model baru di Indonesia untuk mengatasi keterbatasan anggaran. Permasalahannya, mayoritas program TSP tidak memberdayakan masyarakat danPemerintah Daerah cenderung menyerahkan sebagian beban pembangunan kepada sektor swasta. Kabupaten Kulon Progo merupakan daerah termiskin di Pulau Jawa yang melakukan kerja sama TSP melalui program One Village One Sister Company(OVOSC). Penelitian ini mengkaji pemberdayaan masyarakat dan diskresi yang dimiliki sektor swasta dalam program OVOSC. Penelitian menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan melakukan wawancara-wawancara mendalam dan studi literatur.Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa program OVOSC masih didominasi program karitatif. Sektor swasta juga memiliki diskresi yang relatif besar karena Pemerintah Kabupaten Kulon Progo ingin membagi tugas pembangunan kepada aktor eksternal berdasarkanfilosofi gotong royong. Pemerintah Kabupaten Kulon Progo sebaiknya mendorong perusahaan supaya meluncurkan lebih banyak program pemberdayaan serta memperkuat pengawasan untuk mencegah perusahaan menyalahgunakan diskresi. Penelitian inijuga mempertegas pendapat dari Donahue dan Zeckhauser (2011) yang menyatakan bahwa TSP merupakan cara alternatif untuk melibatkan sektor swasta dalam tujuan publik dan berbeda dari collaborative governance."