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"Latar Belakang: Organofosfat (OP) merupakan pestisida yang paling banyak digunakan di dunia. Sebagai substansi kimia, zat ini memiliki efek toksik bagi manusia yang terpapar. Salah satu dampak OP adalah penurunan fungsi kognitif. Berdasarkan penelitian Bosma, et al, prevalensi gangguan kognitif ringan pada pekerja yang terpapar pestisida adalah 35%. Di Indonesia, penelitian dari Dewi RM menunjukkan bahwa 39,1% petani jeruk yang terpapar pestisida mengalami gangguan kognitif ringan. Sampai saat ini belum ada penelitian di Indonesia yang mengukur efek samping pestisida pada petani bunga. Padahal, penggunaan pestisida pada tanaman bunga diperkirakan lebih besar dibandingkan komoditas lain, sehingga risiko dan dampak paparan pada petani pun menjadi lebih besar. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui hubungan asetilkolinesterase (AChE) dalam sel darah merah terhadap fungsi kognitif pada petani bunga laki-laki penyemprot pestisida. Metode: Desain potong lintang dengan besar sampel 40 orang. Penelitian dilakukan di Kecamatan Parongpong, Kabupaten Bandung Barat. Pengambilan sampel menggunakan consecutive sampling dengan instrumen wawancara, MMSE, dan pemeriksaan AChE eritrosit. Hasil: Aktivitas AChE dalam sel darah merah memiliki median 4599.06 (1760-6828). Prevalensi penurunan fungsi kognitif pada petani bunga laki-laki penyemprot pestisida mencapai 75%. Tidak terdapat hubungan antara AChE sel darah merah terhadap fungsi kognitif (p=0,87). Namun, terdapat hubungan yang bermakna antara variabel masa kerja (p=0,007), tingkat pendidikan (p=0,001), komposisi pestisida (p=0,014), dan exposure rate (p<0,001) terhadap fungsi kognitif. Tidak ada perbedaan bermakna antara perbandingan rerata AChE pada kelompok yang mengalami penurunan fungsi kognitif dan kelompok yang normal (OR=1 dengan 95% CI 0,2-4,1). Kesimpulan Saran: Prevalensi penurunan fungsi kognitif pada petani bunga laki-laki yang terpajan pestisida OP cukup tinggi (75%). Penelitian ini menunjukkan ada hubungan yang bermakna antara fungsi kognitif responden dengan faktor risiko okupasi, terutama dalam hal masa kerja. Untuk mencegah terjadinya dampak penggunaan pestisida yang lebih berat, perlu adanya program pengendalian bagi petani pengguna pestisida serta pengawasan pada produsen pestisida.

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Background: Organophosphate (OP) is the most widely used pesticide in the world. As a chemical substance, this substance has toxic effects for humans who are exposed. One of the effects of OP is a decline in cognitive function. Based on the research of Bosma, et al, the prevalence of mild cognitive impairment in workers exposed to pesticides is 35%. In Indonesia, research from Dewi RM shows that 39.1% of citrus farmers exposed to pesticides experience mild cognitive impairment. Until now there has been no research in Indonesia that measures the side effects of pesticides on cut-flower farmers. In fact, the use of pesticides in flower plants is estimated to be greater than other commodities, so that the risk and impact of exposure on farmers becomes even greater. The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship of acetylcholinesterase (AChE) in red blood cells to cognitive function in male cut-flower farmers spraying pesticides.

Method: Cross-sectional design with a sample size of 40 people. The study was conducted in Parongpong District, West Bandung Regency. Sampling using consecutive sampling with interview instruments, MMSE, and erythrocyte AChE examination. Results. AChE activity in red blood cells has a median of 4599.06 (1760-6828). The prevalence of cognitive decline in male cut-flower farmers spraying pesticides reaches 75%. There was no relationship between red blood cell AChE and cognitive function (p = 0.87). However, there was a significant relationship between variables of years of work (p = 0.007), level of education (p = 0.001), pesticide composition (p = 0.014), and exposure rate (p <0.001) on cognitive function. There was no significant difference between the average comparison of AChE in the group that experienced a decline in cognitive function and the normal group (OR = 1 with 95% CI 0.2-4.1).

Conclusion and Suggestions: The prevalence of cognitive impairment in male cut-flower farmers exposed to OP pesticides is quite high (75%). This study shows that there is a significant relationship between the cognitive function of the respondents with occupational risk factors, especially in terms of years of work. To prevent the impact of the use of pesticides, it is necessary to have a control program for farmers using pesticides and supervision of pesticide producers."

"Pendahuluan: Pestisida, salah satunya organofosfat masih banyak digunakan untukmeningkatkan hasil produksi pertanian, karena efektif dalam pengendalian hama. Efek pajanankronis organofosfat terhadap manusia belum diketahui secara jelas. Indonesia merupakan negaraagrikultural dan termasuk negara pengguna pestisida terbanyak. Terdapat beberapa bukti, bahwapaparan perstisida dalam jangka panjang, dapat menyebabkan gangguan neurologis, denganpeningkatan kadar b-amyloid plasma, yang dapat meningkatkan risiko risiko terjadinya penyakitAlzheimer.Tujuan: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi kadar b-amyloid plasma pada laki-lakipenyemprot pestisida di perkebunan dan mengetahui apakah terdapat hubungan dengan intensitaspajanan pestisida jangka panjang.Metode: : Studi cross-sectional pada penyemprot pestisida di perkebunan yang sudahmenggunakan pestisida organofosfat dan/atau karbamat selama enam bulan. Pengumpulan datadilakukan pada pagi hari sebelum mulai bekerja, dengan cara mewawancara dan mengambilsampel darah vena dari fossa cubiti, kemudian dianalisis menggunakan metode LC-MS. Jumlahresponden yang memenuhi kriteria inklusi dan masuk dalam penelitian ini yaitu 57 responden.Intensitas pajanan pestisida dinilai dengan metode skoring, yang sudah digunakan sebelumnyadan sudah dimodifikasi Agricultural Health Study di Amerika Serikat dan disesuaikan dengansituasi di Indonesia.Hasil: Sebanyak 91,2% pekerja mengalami peningkatan kadar β-Amyloid plasma. Skor intensitaspajanan pestisida jangka panjang antara 45 sampai 300, dengan nilai median 260. Berdasarkananalisis bivariat secara korelasi antara kadar b-amyloid plasma dengan total skor kumulatifintensitas pajanan didapatkan korelasi rendah (r=0.243) dan memiliki korelasi linier berbandinglurus, di mana peningkatan skor total kumulatif intensitas memberikan peningkatan kadar β-amyloid plasma sebesar 4,6%, tetapi tidak bermakna secara statistik.Kesimpulan: Berdasarkan penelitian ini, tidak ada hubungan antara kadar β-amyloid plasmadengan intensitas pajanan pestisida.

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Introduction: The use of pesticides, especially organophosphates are still very often to increase

agricultural production, because it is effective in pest control. Indonesia is an agricultural country,

which is among the highest user of pesticides The effect of chronic organophosphate exposure on

humans health is not fully understood yet. There are some evidence that long term exposure to

pesticides can lead to neurologic diseases, among others by increasing b-amyloid plasma

levels,which can lead to Alzheimer disease..

Objective: This study aims to identify b-amyloid plasma levels among male plantation pesticide

sprayer and determine if there is an association with the intensity of longterm pesticide exposure.

Methods: A Cross-sectional study was conducted among pesticide sprayers on plantations, that

have used organophosphate and / or carbamate pesticides for at least the last six months. Data

was collected in the morning before working, by interviewing and taking venous blood sample.

The blood sample was analyzed using the LCMS Method to measure b-amyloid plasma levels.

Fifty-seven subjects were included in this study. The intensity of long term exposure to pesticides

was assessed using a scoring method, that has been used before. which is modified from the

Agricultural Health Study.and adjusted to the situation in Indonesia.

Results: As many as 91.2% workers had plasma β-amyloid levels above normal. While the

intensity score for long term pesticide exposure was between 45 to 300 with a median 260. Using

correlation analysis, No significant correlation between b-amyloid plasma levels and total

cumulative intensity exposure score was found (r = 0.243, p>0,05),.

Conclusion: Based on this study, 91.2% had high levels of b-amyloid plasma and no relationship

between intensity of pesticide exposure with plasma β-amyloid levels was found"