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"This paper compares three models of econometric analysis on economy, in this case the Indonesian economy. The regression models are the two stage least squares (2SLS) which has a strong support from the economic theory of aggregate expenditure, the Vector Error Correction (VEC) and Autoregressive Integrated Moving Average (ARIMA) which both comes from the time series analysis, that do not have to be economic time series. The study tries to find out which are most suitable in analyzing the time series of Indonesian economy. After all the estimation and comparison process, we finally agree that the use of those different methods must be sinchronized with the purpose of the user's study of the economic time series."

"ABSTRACTA study was done to investigate the number and function of T cells of underfive children in Kelurahan Kramat, Kecamatan Senen, Jakarta Pusat. Grouping of samples was done based on weight-for-age, into well nourished (normal) children as control, mild-moderate PEM and severe PEM. The number of each group was 15.The relative number of T cells in mild-moderate PEM and severe PEM were significantly reduced compared to the normal group (P <0.01 , See Figure 13). The relativenumber of blast-transformation of the severe PEM group compared with the mild-moderate PEB and the severe PEM with the normal group were not significantly different (P>0.05, See Figure 15). The total serum protein in mild-moderate PEM and severe PEM were not significantly different compared to the normal group (P> 0.05, See Figure 16). The protein intake in mild-moderate PEM and severe PEM were significantly reduced compared to the normal group (P<0.01, See Figure 17). The energy intake in mild-moderate PEM and severe PEM were significantly reduced to the normal group (P<0.01, See Appendix 11).From the facts mentioned above it can be assumed strongly that: Lower protein intake in combination with lower energy intake in mild-moderate PEM and severe PEM are most probably very important factors that cause the reduction of T lymphocyte number in both moderate PEM as well as in severe PEM."

"Peningkatan pembangunan kawasan perumahan menyebabkan terjadinya perubahan penggunaan lahan yang secara langsung berakibat pada berubahnya koefisien limpasan. Tujuan umum dari penelitian ini adalah menganalisis koefisien drainase pada berbagai tipologi drainase dan menentukan kriteria rancangan hidraulika untuk sistem drainase perumahan. Dari kriteria rancangan yang dihasilkan, diharapkan limpasan yang terjadi karena adanya kelebihan hujan dapat disalurkan seluruhnya melalui saluran drainase ke tempat penampungan. Dengan demikian kemungkinan terjadinya genangan dan banjir dapat dihindarkan serta nantinya air tersebut dapat dimanfaatkan untuk beberapa keperluan di peru mahan. Penelitian dilakukan di kawasan Bogor Nirwana Residence [jawa Barat) dari bulan Mei - Oktober 2013. Dari hasil pengukuran dan analisis data diperoleh nilai koefisien drainase untuk 3 tipoloqi saluran di perumahan tersebut. Berdasarkan koefisien drainase ini kemudian disusun kriteria rancangan untuk sistem jaringan drainase. Berdasarkan hasil analisis, limpasan yang terjadi dapat dialirkan melalui saluran drainase sehingga mencegah terjadinya banjir dan kemudian ditampung untuk persediaan air guna memenuhi pemeliharaan seharihari fasilitas umum di peru mahan, kebutuhan sehari-hari. Untuk itu dibutuhkan bak reservoir yang dilengkapi sedimentation trap. Dari hasil uji laboratorium terhadap kualitas air di saluran drainase, didapatkan bahwa air di saluran tersebut masih cukup baik dan dapat dimanfaatkan untuk air baku."

"ABSTRAKBackground of the study, materials and methods: Pregnancy-induced hypertension is still an important cause of maternal and fetal morbidity and mortality. Blood pressure changes during pregnancy especially in the second- and third trimester is very important to be monitored properly during prenatal care through routine blood pressure measurement as an early detection for prevention of pregnancy-induced hypertension. Though its etiology is still unknown, based on various epidemiological studies some nutritional- and non- nutritional factors were believed to be its predisposing factors, which also should be considered during prenatal care. A study had been carried out on 45 pregnant women in all 14 RW of Kelurahan Utan Kayu Selatan, Jakarta, Indonesia. They were followed fortnightly for a 6 weeks observational period to see the relationships between magnesium concentration in serum and in erythrocyte, and blood pressures changes in their second- and/or third trimester, and to see also factors that might influence this blood pressure changes. Anthropometrics, clinical, biochemical, and dietary assessments were done to gather data needed for this observational study. The data was analyzed using statistical tests at alpha equal to 0.05 as the significance level. Results and conclusion: Hypertension based on the operational definition of this study was found in 4.4% of the subjects. Blood pressure changes in pregnancy in this study only significantly related to primigravida. The intakes of calorie, protein, saturated fatty acid, sodium and magnesium were found to be significantly different (p < 0.001) compared to its RDA, yet no significant was found with blood pressure changes/hypertension. Magnesium concentration in serum was mostly within the normal range (1.9 - 2.5 mg/dl) in 73.33% of the subjects, while magnesium concentration in erythrocyte was mostly lower than the normal range (5.7 - 7.5 mg/dl) in 73.33 % of the subjects. The concentration of magnesium in erythrocyte was significantly lower (p < 0.001) than the normal level after the 20th week of gestation. The data did not show any significant correlation on the relationship between the concentration of magnesium both in serum and in erythrocyte with blood pressure changes / hypertension."

"Skripsi ini mengkaji tentang penyembuhan penderita sakit jiwa terkait dengan konsep-konsep seperti sehat-sakit, sakit jiwa, penyakit, dan penyembuhan tradisional di Yayasan Bani Syifa. Penyembuhan terkait sakit jiwa idealnya dilakukan oleh praktisi medis modern seperti psikiater, namun Yayasan Bani Syifa menawarkan metode penyembuhan yang khas terkait sakit jiwa yang diminati masyarakat. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan teknik pengamatan (observation) dan wawancara mendalam (in-depth interview). Observasi yang dilakukan mencakup pengamatan subyek penelitian secara langsung dalam kegiatan penyembuhan kepada para pasien dengan masalah kejiwaan di Yayasan Bani Syifa. Metode penyembuhan sakit jiwa yang diterapkan di Yayasan Bani Syifa terkait dengan persepsi penyembuh yang memercayai bahwa sakit jiwa disebabkan oleh hal-hal personalistik. Metode penyembuhan di Yayasan Bani Syifa mencakup penyembuhan secara fisik dan spiritual. Penyembuhan secara fisik menggunakan jahe (Zingiber officinale), hiltit (Ferula assa-foetida), serta air zamzam. Sementara itu, penyembuhan secara spiritual berkaitan dengan ritual religius seperti mengaji bersama (tawasulan/yasinan), shalat syifa, dan jampe. ......This bachelor thesis will talk about healing practices aimed towards people with mental health problems and their correlation with concepts such as illness-health, mental illness, illness, and traditional healing in Yayasan Bani Syifa. People with mental illnesses should ideally treated by modern medical practitioner such as psychiatrists, but Yayasan Bani Syifa offers a unique mental healing method that is chosen by the community. I used qualitative approach to obtain the data, which includes in depth interview and observations. I observed the subjects’ healing activities and process towards people with mental illness. Healing methods that Yayasan Bani Syifa use to people with mental illness are influenced by the healer's preception that mental illness are caused by personalistic traits.The methods used contains “physical” healing and “spiritual” healing. Physical healing uses ginger, hiltit, and zamzam water. Meanwhile, spiritual healing encompass religious rituals such as prayer recitation (tawasulan/yasinan), “shalat syifa”, and jampe."

"During three months ,August 1991 until November 1991, the randomized clinical trial study was conducted to elucidate the effect of calcium supplementation on calcium metabolism to prevent bone loss ip postmenopausal women. Thirty four postmeno- pausal women age 55 to 65 years old from RN. 01, Panjunan village, Astanaanyar subdistrict, Bandung regency West Java who had undergone menopause at least five years since last menses were recruited to the study. The subjects were randomly assigned to the treatment (1000 mg calcium/day) and the control groups in a double blind designs.Thirty one subjects who remained in the study consist of sixteen treatment subjects and fifteen control subjects were included in the final data analysis. Baseline data of the study showed no a significant difference for all variables, therefore baseline data were homogenous. Based on two x 24 hours dietary recall methods all subjects had low dietary calcium intake (291.5l mg/ day and 289.32 mg/day).After treatment, based on the laboratory tests show that the serum calcium concentration was significantly increased in the treatment group (p<0.001) and was not significant difference (p=O.596) in the control group. Serum calcium was a significant difference (p<0.001) between the treatment and the control group. Parathyroid hormone level was significantly decreased in the treatment group (p<0.05) and was significantly increased in the control group (p<0.01). There was significant difference (p<0.00l) between the treatment and the control group. Bone loss of radius and ulna were determined by z-ray standard measurement were significantly reduced (p<0.001 and p<0.01, respectively) after 1000 mg calcium supplementation. Alkaline phosphatase was significantly decreased (p<0.001) in the treatment group and was significantly increased in the control group. There was significant difference (p<0.001) between the treatment and the control group. Urinary ca}cium creatinine ratio was not significantly increased (pI0.764 and p=0.0BB) and was not significant difference (p=0.067) in all subjects after treatment. This study support the hypothesis that calcium supplementation can maintain calcium balance, even improved bone density in postmenopausal women."

"Pada beberapa daerah di Indonesia, secara tradisional dianjurkan pada ibu menyusui untuk mengkonsumsi daun Katu (Sauropus androgynus (L.) Merr.) dan daun Papaya (Carica papaya L.) dalam usaha meningkatkan produksi air susu ibu. Namun hal tersebut belum terbukti secara ilmiah pada manusia. Sehubungan dengan itu, telah dilakukan penelitian pengaruh konsurnsi daun Katu dan daun Papaya terhadap volume, konsentrasi vitamin A dan protein air susu ibu selama 7 hari berturut-turut. 45 orang ibu menyusui dari kabupaten Bogor (rural), yang 1-3 bulan setelah melahirkan dibagi dalam 3 kelompok secara acak dengan stratifikasi (stratified randomly assigned), yaitu kelompok Katu, Papaya dan Kontrol. Setiap kelompok terdiri dari 15 orang ibu menyusui. Kelompok Katu dan Papaya masing-masing mengkonsumsi 400 gram daun Katu dan 300 gram daun Papaya berupa sayur selain makanan mereka sehari-hari, sedangkan kelompok Kontrol tidak mendapat tambahan tersebut. Untuk seleksi subjek dilakukan pengukuran antropometrik dan pemeriksaan fisik terhadap ibu dan bayinya, serta pemeriksaan Hb ibu (Hb>10gr%). Berdasarkan penelitian pendahuluan, respons tertinggi yang diamati selama 7 hari penelitian adalah pada hari terakhir penelitian (ke - 7). Intake ibu sebelum dan pada hari terakhir penelitian dicatat dan dihitung selama 24 jam (dietary recall) untuk 2 hari berturut-turut. Volume, konsentrasi vitamin A dan protein air susu ibu diteliti sehari sebelum dan pada hari terakhir penelitian. Pada hari terakhir penelitian, volume air susu ibu meningkat secara bermakna pada kelompok Katu (P=0.000) dan kelompok Papaya (P=0,002) dibandingkan dengan kelompok Kontrol. Peningkatan tertinggi adalah pada kelompok Katu, tetapi tidak berbeda bermakna dengan kelompok Papaya (P=0.129). Peningkatan volume ini mempunyai korelasi secara bermakna dengan intervensi yang dilakukan, dan rupanya hal ini disehabkan oleh peningkatan intake vitamin A ibu (P=O.0001). Tetapi tidak mempunyai korelasi baik dengan peningkatan intake energi maupun dengan peningkatan intake protein (P=0,5796 dan P=0,8539). Konsentrasi vitamin A air susu ibu juga meningkat secara bermakna pada kedua kelompok treatment dibandingkan dengan kelompok Kontrol (P=0.028 untuk kel. Katu dan P=0,003 untuk kel. Papaya). Peningkatan tertinggi diamati pada kelompok Papaya tetapi tidak berbeda bermakna dibandingkan dengan kelompok Katu (P=0,241). Total vitamin A air susu ibu dalam 24 jam juga meningkat karena peningkatan volume pada kedua kelompok treatment dibandingkan dengan kelompok Kontrol (P=0,002 untuk kelompok Katu dan P=0,001 untuk kelompok Papaya). Tidak tampak adanya perbedaan secara bermakna pada konsentrasi protein air susu ibu pada hari terakhir peneitian pada ketiga kelompok (P=0.7607). Namun total protein air susu ibu dalam 24 jam meningkat secara bermakna karena peningkatan volume pada kelompok Katu. Ternyata pula bahwa tidak ada korelasi bermakna antara peningkatan konsentrasi protein air susu ibu dengan peningkatan intake protein ibu (P=0,3433). Hasil peneitian ini menunjukkan bahwa konsumsi daun Katu dan daun Papaya oleh ibu menyusui dapat meningkatkan produksi dan konsentrasi vitamin A air susu ibu secara bermakna, tetapi tidak meningkatkan konsentrasi proteinnya. Walaupun demikian total protein air susu ibu daam 24 jam meningkat secara bermakna pada kelompok Katu karena peningkatan volume air susu ibu. "

"ABSTRAKTesis ini membahas gambaran cedera pada cabang olahraga atletik dan hubungannya dengan faktor risiko atlet. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode potong lintang dan dilakukan pada Pekan Olahraga Nasional ke XIX di Stadion Pakansari Cibinong Indonesia. Insiden cedera dalam cabang olahraga atletik sebesar 97.5/1000 atlet dengan cedera yang terbanyak bersifat eksaserbasi akut, jenis strain, lokasi tersering tungkai atas dan derajat cedera ringan. Insiden ini lebih rendah dibandingkan dengan kejuaraan atletik di dunia. Faktor-faktor risiko yang mungkin berhubungan dengan terjadinya cedera adalah usia 21 ndash; 25 tahun, jenis kelamin laki-laki, jenis nomor pertandingan lari jarak 100 m, marathon dan hanya mengikuti 1 nomor saja.

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ABSTRACTThe focus of this study is to acquire description of athletic sports injuries and its relation to athlete risk factors. This research used cross sectional method and conducted at Pekan Olahraga Nasional XIX at Pakansari Cibinong Stadium Indonesia. The incidence of injuries in athletic sports is 97.5 1000 athletes with the most acute exacerbation injuries, strain type, the most common location of the upper limb and the degree of minor injury. This incident is lower than the athletic championship in the world. Risk factors that may be associated with the occurrence of injuries are 21 25 years of age, male sex, type of matches like running distance 100 m, marathon and participate in 1 event only."