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"Pemberian ASI eksklusif memberikan banyak manfaat bagi ibu dan anaknya. Pentingnya pemberian ASI eksklusif juga telah diperhatikan oleh pemerintah, sehingga pemerintah membuat suatu peraturan yang mengatur tentang pemberian ASI eksklusif kepada bayi yang baru lahir. Meskipun persentase nasional dan persentase di Jakarta tentang ASI eksklusif dapat dibilang tinggi, akan tetapi persentase itu masih belum mencapai 100%, terlepas dari semua upaya yang dilakukan oleh pemerintah. Inisiasi menyusui dini dianggap menjadi salah satu faktor menuju keberhasilan pemberian ASI eksklusif. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan antara inisiasi menyusui dini dan menyusui eksklusif di salah satu rumah sakit di Jakarta Pusat Ini adalah studi cross sectional yang menggunakan data primer di sebuah rumah sakit di Jakarta Pusat. Para ibu diwawancarai oleh penulis yang pertanyaannya terdiri dari pertanyaan karakteristik demografis dan pertanyaan mengenai informasi detail mengenai menyusui inisiasi dini dan status menyusui mereka saat ini. Kami menggunakan subjek yang melahirkan di rumah sakit MH Thamrin antara Maret 2018 hingga Desember 2018 dan mengadakan wawancara pada bulan April 2019 hingga Juni 2019.Tidak ada perbedaan statistik yang signifikan antara inisiasi menyusui dini dalam pemberian ASI eksklusif ketika dipulangkan (p = 0,301) dan setelah 2 bulan (0.251). Data yang diperoleh dari penelitian ini menggunakan 90 sampel yang tidak menunjukkan peningkatan yang signifikan secara statistik pemberian ASI eksklusif pada mereka yang melakukan pemberian ASI dini.

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Exclusive breastfeeding is very beneficial for both mother and their offspring’s. The importance of exclusive breastfeeding has been noticed by the government, hence it is included in government’s policy. Although the national percentage and Jakarta’s percentage on exclusive breastfeeding are considered high, it still had not reach 100% despite all the effort that was made by the government. Early initiation breastfeeding is said to be one of the factor towards the success of exclusive breastfeeding. This study aims to find the relationship between early initiation breastfeeding and exclusive breastfeeding in one of the hospitals in Central Jakarta. This is a cross sectional study that used a primary data in a hospital in Central Jakarta. Mothers were questioned by the author which comprise of demographic characteristics questions and questions regarding detail information of early initiation breastfeeding and their current status on breastfeeding. We used subject who gave birth in MH Thamrin hospital between March 2018- December 2018 and held the interview in between April 2019 to June 2019. There was no significant statistical difference between early breastfeeding initiation and exclusive breastfeeding when discharged (p=0.301) and after 2 months (p=0.251). The data obtained from this study using 90 samples in which it did not show statistically significant increase of exclusive breastfeeding administration in those who performed early breastfeeding administration. "

"Meskipun inovasi kesehatan dan perawatan gizi telah maju, penurunan pertumbuhan tetap menjadi masalah penting pada bayi prematur selama perawatan di NICU. Demi mencegah terjadinya dampak merugikan di masa depan, faktor risiko dari penurunan pertumbuhan perlu dianalisis agar dapat meningkatkan kewaspadaan dan membantu petugas kesehatan dalam memberikan perawatan terbaik untuk pasien neonatus rawat inap. Penelitian cross-sectional ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi korelasi antara berat lahir, usia gestasi, durasi untuk mencapai pemberian full enteral feeding, dan lama rawat inap terhadap penurunan pertumbuhan pada pasien neonatus rawat inap. Sebanyak 47 rekam medis neonatus (berat lahir 1000-2500, usia gestasi 28-35 minggu) yang lahir di Rumah Sakit Umum Pusat Nasional Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo antara Januari hingga Desember 2018 dikumpulkan. Data kemudian diolah dengan SPSS Statistics 20. Dari 47 subjek, 18 (38.3%) mengalami penurunan berat badan, 4 (8.5%) mengalami penurunan tinggi badan, dan 3 (6.4%) mengalami penurunan lingkar kepala. Dalam analisa bivariat, tidak ada faktor risiko (berat lahir, usia gestasi, durasi untuk mencapai pemberian full enteral feeding, dan lama rawat inap) yang secara signifikan berhubungan dengan penurunan berat badan, tinggi badan, ataupun lingkar kepala (p > 0.05). Hal ini dikarenakan pertumbuhan subjek dalam penelitian ini hanya diikuti selama dua minggu. Namun demikian, penurunan pertumbuhan paling banyak terlihat pada berat badan, diikuti oleh tinggi badan dan lingkar kepala. Penjelasan logis untuk ini adalah karena penurunan pertumbuhan individu sendiri dimulai dengan berat badan, lalu tinggi badan, dan dalam kondisi yang parah juga melibatkan lingkar kepala. 

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Despite modern health innovations and nutritional care, growth deterioration remain as a significant issue in preterm neonates treated in the NICU. To prevent adverse long- term consequences, risk factors of growth deterioration should be analyzed to increase vigilance and assist health workers in providing the best care for neonatal inpatient.

This cross-sectional study aims to identify the correlation between birth weight, gestational age, duration to achieve full enteral feeding, and length of hospitalization with growth deterioration in neonatal inpatient. A total of 47 medical records of neonates (birth weight 1000-2500, gestational age 28-35 weeks) born in Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo National Central General Hospital between January to December 2018 were collected. Data were then processed with SPSS Statistics 20. Out of 47 subjects, 18 (38.3%) experience weight deterioration, 4 (8.5%) experience height deterioration, and 3 (6.4%) experience head circumference deterioration.

In bivariate analysis, none of the risk factors (birth weight, gestational age, duration to achieve full enteral feeding, and length of hospitalization) is significantly associated with weight, height, or head circumference (p > 0.05). This is because the growth trajectories of the subjects in this study are only followed up to two weeks. However, it can be observed that growth deterioration was highest seen in weight, followed by height and head circumference. A logical explanation behind this is that a decrease in individual growth trajectory begins with weight, then height, and in severe condition head circumference. "

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Prevalensi sepsis neonatorum diantara bayi baru lahir cukup tinggi. Oleh karena itu, dibutuhkan diagnosis yang akurat. Namun, gejala klinis sepsis tidak cukup spesifik untuk menegakkan diagnosa, dan ini merupakan tantangan bagi para dokter. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mempelajari hubungan antara enam faktor resiko terhadap prevalensi sepsis neonatorum awitan dini (SNAD). Terdapat 67 pasien yang lahir dan dirawat di Rumah Sakit Cipto Mangunkusumo pada tahun 2018 dan diikutsertakan dalam penelitian ini, dan data yang digunakan didapatkan dari rekam medis. Subjek dibagi menjadi dua kelompok berdasarkan durasi pengobatan antibiotik: sepsis (pengobatan >5 hari) dan non-sepsis (pengobatan ≤5 hari). Penelitian ini cross-sectional, dan menggunakan analisis univariat dan bivariat. 52 (77.6%) dari 67 pasien memiliki SNAD. Melalui analisis bivariat, faktor resiko yang diteliti tidak signifikan secara statistik (nilai p> 0.05) terhadap sepsis maupun non-sepsis, dengan pengecualian untuk demam pada ibu dengan nilai p yang tidak ada. Ketuban pecah dini (KPD) ≥18 jam, nilai APGAR rendah, usia gestasi <37 minggu, dan berat badan lahir (BBL) < 2500 gram memiliki OR>1, Sedangkan leukosit ibu ≥18000 sel/ µL memiliki OR <1. Untuk demam ibu dan nilai APGAR rendah OR tidak dapat dihitung. Pada kesimpulannya, KPD ≥18 jam, usia gestasi <37 minggu, BBL < 2500 gram, leukosit ibu ≥ 18000 sel/ µL, dan nilai APGAR rendah tidak berhubungan dengan prevalensi SNAD. Tidak ada faktor resiko yang paling berpengaruh.

 

Kata kunci: Faktor resiko sepsis, sepsis neonatorum awitan dini

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The prevalence of sepsis among neonates are high. Hence, accurate diagnosis is required. However, diagnosis through clinical signs and symptoms are still vague, which remains a challenge for physicians. This research aims to study the association of six risk factors towards the prevalence of neonatal Early Onset Sepsis (EOS). A total of 67 patients that were born and treated in Ciptomangunkusumo Hospital in 2018 were used in this research, obtained from medical record. The subjects were divided into two groups based on the duration of treatment using antibiotics: sepsis (treatment >5 days) and non-sepsis (treatment ≤ 5 days). This study is cross-sectional, and uses univariate and bivariate analysis. 52 (77.6%) out of 67 patients have EOS. From bivariate analysis, the risk factors that were examined did not show a statistical significance (p-value > 0.05) towards sepsis and non-sepsis, except for maternal fever which p-value has no result.  Prolonged rupture of membranes, low APGAR score, gestational age <37 weeks, and birth weight <2500 grams had an OR>1. On the other hand, high maternal leukocyte count has an OR< 1. The OR of maternal fever and low APGAR score was not able to be calculated. In conclusion, prolonged rupture of membrane, premature infant, birth weight <2500 grams, maternal leukocyte counts of ≥ 18000 cells/ µL, and low APGAR score has no relation with the prevalence of EOS. There are no most influential risk factors.

 

Keywords: Risk factors of sepsis, early onset sepsis

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Latar belakang: Anak-anak dinilai sangat rentan, terutama dalam 28 hari pertama kehidupan. Sebanyak 7.000 kasus kematian bayi di minggu pertama kehidupan telah dilaporkan. Terdapat tiga penyebab tersering kematian pada bayi baru lahir, salah satunya adalah asyphixia. Resusitasi adalah prosedur emergensi yang sering dilakukan pada bayi baru lahir terutama mereka yang memiliki masalah pernapasan. Tingginya presentasi kematian bayi pada usia dini, mengakibatkan kualitas resusitasi yang baik perlu di pertahankan. Sesuai dengan AHA 2015 yang menyatakan bahwa suhu bayi bisa dijadikan alat ukur untuk kualitas resusitasi.

Metode : Penelitian ini menggunakan studi cross-sectional dengan melihat data dari rekam medis di RSCM Kirana Hospital. Data yang dilihat berupa berat lahir bayi, usia gestasi, jenis kelamin, durasi transisi, dan suhu aksila setelah resusitasi pada pasien. Data di analisis dengan uji varian univariat dan bivariate untuk melihat hubungan antara suhu aksila dengan variable independen dan melihat kualitas resusitasi berdasarkan suhu di RSCM.

Hasil : Berat lahir bayi, usia gestasi, jenis kelamin, durasi transisi menunjukkan ketidaksignifikan hubungan dengan suhu aksila. (p<0,05)

Konklusi : Kualitas resusitasi berdasarkan suhu aksila di RSCM dinilai sangat baik, dengan 99% dari data memiliki nilai sesuai dengan suhu yang diinginkan. Namun demikian, jenis kelamin, berat lahir bayi, usia gestasi, dan durasi transisi telah menunjukkan adanya hubungan yang signifikan dengan suhu aksila setelah resusitasi. Dengan demikian, tidak ada fakor risiko yang paling menonjol.

 

Kata kunci : resusitasi neonatus, hipotermi, suhu hangat, jenis kelamin, berat lahir, waktu transisi pasien setelah diresusitasi

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Background : Children are considered to be fragile in the first 28 years of live. It was reported that around 7,000 in the first week. Respiratory problem, such as asphyxia serves as top three for causal of death in the neonates. Resuscitation is one of the common procedure conducted in emergency situation especially for newborn who has problem in respiratory manner. As there is high probability of death within that age, a good quality of resuscitation should be maintained. According to AHA 2015, temperature can be considered as predictor of outcomes and indicator for quality. 

Method : This is a cross-sectional study using secondary data, through medical record in RSCM Kirana Hospital recording birth weight, gestational age, gender, duration of transitional, and axillary temperature post resuscitation from patient. The data was analyzed with univariate and bivariate statistical test to find the relation between axillary temperature and independent factors and see the quality of resuscitation based on temperature in RSCM. 

Results : Birth weight, gestational age, gender, and duration of transitional has shown insignificancy in relation with axillary temperature (p<0,05). 

Conclusion : The quality of resuscitation in RSCM based on axillary temperature is very good with 99% of the data is within the desired temperature. Nonetheless, none of the factors, such as gender, birth weight, gestational age, and duration of stabilization and transport, has shown significance relation to axillary temperature post-resuscitation. Therefore, there is no prominent predisposing factor that can be concluded through this study.  

Keywords: neonatal resuscitation, hypothermia, warm temperature, gender, birth weight, transitional time of the patient post resuscitation

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"[ABSTRAKLatar Belakang: Ketrampilan menghisap dan koordinasi antara menghisap, menelan dan bernafas belum adekuat belum adekuat pada neonatur prematur. Neonatal Oral-Motor Assessment Scale (NOMAS) adalah alat ukur yang telah sahih dan andal dalam menilai oromotor skill pada neonatus prematur. Penelitian ini ingin menguji validitas isi dan reliabilitas interrater dan test-retest yang diterjemahkan kedalam bahasa Indonesia yang belum pernah dilakukan sebelumnya.Metode : Desain penelitian ini adalah uji validasi, terdiri dari 16 subjek yang diambil berdasarkan kriteria penerimaan; neonatus prematur, kondisi umum stabil dan diizinkan oleh orang tua dengan mengisi informed consent. Data berupa video saat menyusu diawali dari saat pertama bertemu peneliti hingga usia koreksi 40 minggu. Oromotor skill dinilai dengan NOMAS yang telah diterjemahkan ke bahasa Indonesia. Validitas isi dilakukan dengan proses non-statistik; keandalan intrarater dinilai dengan uji Cohen?s Kappa dan Inter Class Correlation, keandalan interrater dengan uji Cronbach Alpha dan Inter Class Correlation.Hasil : Dari 16 neonatus didapatkan usia gestasi 32-35 minggu dan BBLR 93,75%. Secara isi NOMAS berbahasa Indonesia telah dinyatakan sesuai dengan NOMAS berbahasa Inggris. Keandalan intrarater bernilai baik hingga sempurna (K= 0,6-1,00 dan ICC= 0,4-1,00). Uji keandalan interrater bernilai rendah hingga hampir sempurna (Cronbach?s Alpha = 0,18-0,84 dan ICC= 0,05- 0,80).Kesimpulan : NOMAS berbahasa Indonesia mempunyai validitas isi dan reliabilitas yang baik untuk digunakan sebagai alat ukur oromotor skill pada neonatus prematur. Sebaiknya mengikuti pelatihan NOMAS agar lebih mengusai penggunaan alat ukur ini.

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ABSTRACTBackground : Sucking skills and the coordination between sucking, swallowing and breathing are inadequate on premature neonates. Neonatal Oral-Motor Assessment Scale (NOMAS) is a measuring instrument that is both valid and reliable in assessing oromotor skills in premature neonates. The study aims to test the content validity and interrater reliability and test-retest reliability of NOMAS translated to Bahasa Indonesia which has never been done before.Methods : This study is a validation test, consisting of 16 subjects who were taken using the inclusion criteria; premature neonates, in stable general condition and allowed by their parents to participate in the study by filling out an informed consent. Data was collected in the form of a video taken during feeding, starting from the first meeting with the researcher until 40 weeks corrected age. Oromotor skills was assessed using NOMAS which has been translated into Bahasa Indonesia. Content validity was performed using non-statistical process; intrarater reliability was assessed using Cohen's Kappa test and Inter Class Correlation, and interrater reliability using Cronbach Alpha test and Inter Class Correlation.Results : Of the 16 neonates, a mean gestation age of 32-35 weeks and low birth weight incidence of 93.75% was found. The content of NOMAS in Bahasa Indonesia has been declared in accordance with NOMAS in English. Intrarater reliability was good to perfect (K= 0,6-1,00 and ICC= 0,4-1,00). Interrater reliability was low to almost perfect (Cronbach?s Alpha = 0,18-0,84 and ICC= 0,05- 0,80)Conclusion : NOMAS in Bahasa Indoensia has good content validity and reliability and can be used as a measuring tool for oromotor skills in premature neonates. NOMAS training is adviced to master the use of this measure., Background : Sucking skills and the coordination between sucking, swallowing and breathing are inadequate on premature neonates. Neonatal Oral-Motor Assessment Scale (NOMAS) is a measuring instrument that is both valid and reliable in assessing oromotor skills in premature neonates. The study aims to test the content validity and interrater reliability and test-retest reliability of NOMAS translated to Bahasa Indonesia which has never been done before.Methods : This study is a validation test, consisting of 16 subjects who were taken using the inclusion criteria; premature neonates, in stable general condition and allowed by their parents to participate in the study by filling out an informed consent. Data was collected in the form of a video taken during feeding, starting from the first meeting with the researcher until 40 weeks corrected age. Oromotor skills was assessed using NOMAS which has been translated into Bahasa Indonesia. Content validity was performed using non-statistical process; intrarater reliability was assessed using Cohen's Kappa test and Inter Class Correlation, and interrater reliability using Cronbach Alpha test and Inter Class Correlation.Results : Of the 16 neonates, a mean gestation age of 32-35 weeks and low birth weight incidence of 93.75% was found. The content of NOMAS in Bahasa Indonesia has been declared in accordance with NOMAS in English. Intrarater reliability was good to perfect (K= 0,6-1,00 and ICC= 0,4-1,00). Interrater reliability was low to almost perfect (Cronbach’s Alpha = 0,18-0,84 and ICC= 0,05- 0,80)Conclusion : NOMAS in Bahasa Indoensia has good content validity and reliability and can be used as a measuring tool for oromotor skills in premature neonates. NOMAS training is adviced to master the use of this measure.]"

"ABSTRAKOral Health Literacy OHL adalah tingkat kemampuan seseorang untuk menerima, memproses, dan memahami informasi kesehatan gigi dan mulut dasar untuk menentukan tindakan perawatan kesehatan gigi yang tepat untuk dirinya. Tingginya skor OHL menunjukkan kemampuan individu menggunakan informasi kesehatan gigi dan mulut untuk menjaga status kesehatan gigi dan mulutnya termasuk untuk memilih perawatan akan kehilangan gigi. Namun, rehabilitasi kehilangan gigi dengan gigi tiruan di Indonesia masih sangat sedikit dilakukan. Saat ini belum ada penelitian tentang hubungan skor OHL dengan pemakaian gigi tiruan. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah menganalisis hubungan tingkat oral health literacy dengan pemakaian gigi tiruan, hubungan tingkat oral health literacy dengan pemakaian gigi tiruan berdasarkan status kehilangan gigi dan faktor sosiodemografi usia, jenis kelamin, tingkat pendidikan, pendapatan, dan pekerjaan . Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan menggunakan metode potong lintang dan melibatkan 70 responden diatas 18 tahun di Kota Depok, Jawa Barat. Kedua tahap penelitian menggunakan kuesioner Health literacy in Dentistry HeLD-29 untuk menilai skor OHL serta pemeriksaan klinis untuk melihat pemakaian gigi tiruan dan menilai status kehilangan gigi berdasarkan jumlah kehilangan gigi. Rerata skor OHL dari responden adalah 2.86 0.66 dengan jumlah presentase pemakai gigi tiruan adalah 30 dari jumlah responden. Terdapat hubungan antara skor OHL dengan pemakaian gigi tiruan. Kesimpulan: Terdapat hubungan tingkat oral health literacy dengan pemakaian gigi tiruan.

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ABSTRACTOral Health Literacy OHL is a degree of individual comptenece to gain, process, and understand basic oral health information and services needed to determine appropriate oral health care. High OHL score shows individu has good capability to use oral health information as a direction to maintain their oral health and decide the treatment, especially treatment of tooth loss replacement with denture. However, the number of denture usage as rehabilitation of tooth loss in Indonesia is still low. At this time, there is no study has been done to analyze the relationship between oral health literacy score with denture usage. The purpose of this study is to analyze the correlation between OHL score with denture usage. Cross sectional study was done in 70 respondents in Depok, Jawa Barat using Health Literacy in Dentistry HeLD 29 questionnaires to assess OHL score and clinical examination to check denture usage and classify tooth loss based on the amount of tooth loss. Total 70 respondent participated this research with OHL score 2.86 0.66 and denture usage percentage was 30 of total respondents. There were correlations between OHL score and denture usage p"

"Latar belakang. Enterokolitis nekrotikan (EKN) merupakan penyakit inflamasi akut pada saluran cerna neonatus, terutama neonatus kurang bulan (NKB). Penyebab terjadinya EKN hingga saat ini belum diketahui tetapi terdapat beberapa faktor risiko yang berhubungan dengan kelainan tersebut.Tujuan. Mengetahui rerata usia dan faktor risiko terjadinya EKN pada NKB.Metode. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kohort retrospektif berdasarkan data rekam medis NKB yang dirawat selama periode Januari 2017-Desember 2019 di Divisi Neonatologi Rumah Sakit Cipto Mangunkusumo (RSCM). Analisis faktor risiko menggunakan analisis bivariat dan multivariat.Hasil. Sampel yang didapatkan sebanyak 160 subyek. Rerata usia terjadinya EKN adalah 11,38 hari. Analisis bivariat didapatkan faktor risiko berat lahir <1500 gr (p=0,006, RR 2,623, IK 95% 1,302-5,282), usia gestasi <32 minggu (p=0,009, RR 2,531, IK 95% 1,246-5,141), dan pemberian antibiotik ≥5 hari (p=0,007, RR 4,831, IK 95% 1,391-16,780) meningkatkan risiko terjadinya EKN. Hasil analisis multivariat pada faktor risiko berat lahir, usia gestasi, pemberian antibiotik, dan jenis nutrisi enteral tehadap terjadinya EKN, tidak didapatkan hasil yang bermakna secara statistik. Faktor prenatal dan intrapartum tidak dapat diketahui karena keterbatasan data.Kesimpulan. Rerata usia terjadinya EKN adalah usia 2 minggu pertama kehidupan neonatus. Faktor risiko terjadinya EKN bersifat multifaktorial dan terdapat kecenderungan dipengaruhi oleh berat lahir rendah, usia gestasi yang muda, serta pemberian antibiotik ≥5 hari.

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Background. Necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) is an acute inflammatory disease of gastrointestinal tract that commonly occurs in newborns, particularly with preterm birth. To date, the cause of NEC is not known, however several risk factors contribute to the occurrence of this disease.

Objective. To investigate mean age and risk factors of NEC in premature newborns.

Methods. A retrospective cohort study was conducted using secondary data from medical records of premature infants hospitalised since January 2017 until December 2019 in Neonatology Division, Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital, Jakarta. Risk factors was analysed using bivariate and multivariate analysis.

Results. A total of 160 subjects were obtained and analysed. Mean age of NEC occurrance is 11,38 days. Bivariate analysis showed birth weight <1500 gram (p=0,006, RR 2,623, 95% CI 1,302-5,282), gestational age <32 weeks (p=0,009, RR 2,531, 95% CI 1,246-5,141), and antibiotics administration ≥5 days (p=0,007, RR 4,831, 95% CI 1,391-16,780) were associated with increased risk of NEC. However multivariate analysis revealed birth weight, gestational age, antibiotics administration, and enteral nutrition type showed no association with NEC occurrence. Prenatal and intrapartum factors were not studied due to lack of data.

Conclusion. Mean age of occurrence is within the first 2 weeks of life. Risk factors of NEC are multifactorial and tend to be related with smaller gestational age, low birth weight, and antibiotic use ≥5 days."

"Latar belakang. Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) merupakan masalah kesehatan global yang merupakan target pemberantasan epidemi pada akhir tahun 2030. Untuk mencapai target 95- 95-95, perlu pengawasan untuk mencegah loss-to-follow up (LTFU) karena dapat menyebabkan resistensi virus dan kematian. Beberapa faktor seperti usia saat terdiagnosis, stadium klinis, jarak tempat tinggal, status pengasuh dapat memengaruhi terjadinya LTFU. Pandemi COVID-19 juga menurunkan kepatuhan anak dengan HIV serta menimbulkan hambatan finansial maupun sosial dalam berobat sehingga dapat menyebabkan terjadinya LTFU.Tujuan. Untuk melihat perbedaan prevalens kejadian LTFU sebelum dan selama pandemi, serta faktor - faktor yang memengaruhi LTFU anak dengan HIV di RSCM sesuai periode.Metode. Studi kohort retrospektif terhadap 402 subjek berusia 6 bulan – 18 tahun dengan HIV dan berobat di Rumah Sakit dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo (RSCM). Data berasal dari penelusuran rekam medis yang memenuhi kriteria inklusi dan tidak memenuhi kriteria eksklusi pada periode Februari 2017 hingga Februari 2023Hasil. Tidak terdapat perbedaan prevalens yang bermakna pada kasus LTFU antara periode sebelum (15,5%) dan selama pandemi (19,2%), p 0,237. Pada periode sebelum pandemi, proporsi LTFU terbesar pada kelompok usia 5-10 tahun (19,3%), stadium klinis IV (17,9%), jarak tempat tinggal lebih dari 10 km (16,1%), dan status pengasuh orang tua kandung (15,8%). Sedangkan pada periode selama pandemi, proporsi LTFU terbesar pada kelompok usia 10-18 tahun (23,8%), stadium klinis I (30%), jarak tempat tinggal lebih dari 10 km (19,5%), dan status pengasuh bukan orang tua kandung (22,3%). Usia saat terdiagnosis, stadium klinis, jarak antara rumah ke RSCM, dan status pengasuh tidak memberikan pengaruh yang signifikan terhadap kejadian LTFU, baik pada periode sebelum maupun selama pandemi (p>0,05).Kesimpulan. Tidak terdapat perbedaan prevalens kasus LTFU yang bermakna pada periode sebelum dan selama pandemi. Usia saat terdiagnosis, stadium klinis, jarak antara rumah ke RSCM, dan status pengasuh tidak memberikan pengaruh yang signifikan terhadap kejadian LTFU, baik pada periode sebelum maupun selama pandemi.

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Background. Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) is a global health problem which is the target for eradication by the end of 2030. To achieve the 95-95-95 target, close monitoring is necessary to prevent loss-to-follow up (LTFU) because it can cause virus resistance and death. Several factors such as age at diagnosis, WHO clinical stage, distance from residence, caregiver status can influence the occurrence of LTFU. The COVID-19 pandemic has also reduced compliance of children with HIV and created financial and social barriers to treatment, which can lead to LTFU.

Objective. To observe the differences in prevalence of LTFU events before and during the pandemic, as well as factors influencing LTFU of children with HIV according to the period.

Method. This research is a retrospective cohort study of 402 subjects aged 6 months – 18 years with HIV and undergoing HIV treatment in Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital (RSCM). Data were obtained from medical records that meet the inclusion and exclusion criteria in the period February 2017 to February 2023.

Result. There is no significant difference in the prevalence of LTFU cases between the period before (15.2%) and during the pandemic (19.2%), p 0,237. In the pre-pandemic period, the largest proportion of LTFU was in the 5-10 year age group (19.3%), clinical stage IV (17.9%), distance from residence more than 10 km (16.1%), and caregiver status of biological parents (15.8%). Meanwhile, in the period during the pandemic, the largest proportion of LTFU in the 10-18 year age group (23.8%), clinical stage I (30%), residence distance of more than 10 km (19.5%), and caregiver status is not a biological parent (22.3%). Age at diagnosis, clinical stage, distance between home and RSCM, and caregiver status did not have a significant influence on the incidence of LTFU, both in the period before and during the pandemic (p>0.05).

Conclusion. There are no significant differences in the prevalence of LTFU cases between the period before and during the pandemic. Age at diagnosis, clinical stage, distance between home to RSCM, and caregiver status did not have a significant influence on the incidence of LTFU, both in the period before and during the pandemic."

"Pendahuluan: C-reactive protein CRP dan procalcitonin PCT merupakan penanda diagnostik dan pemantauan sepsis neonatorum yang paling banyak digunakan. Saat ini terdapat penanda sepsis baru yaitu Soluble CD14 subtype sCD14-ST presepsin. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui manfaat pemeriksaan serial kadar presepsin, CRP dan PCT serta korelasi antara kadar presepsin dengan kadar CRP dan PCT sebagai penanda respons terapi dan prognosis pasien SNAL pada neonatus prematur. Metode: Desain penelitian kohort prospektif. Subjek penelitian terdiri dari 40 neonatus prematur sehat dan 40 pasien neonatus prematur SNAL dan dilakukan pemeriksaan kadar presepsin, CRP dan PCT, selanjutnya dilakukan pemantauan kadar presepsin, CRP dan PCT pasien neonatus prematur SNAL hari ke-3 dan ke-6 setelah diterapi. Pasien neonatus prematur SNAL dikelompokkan menjadi 20 pasien respons terapi dan 20 pasien non respons. Mortalitas pasien neonatus prematur SNAL ditentukan pada pemantauan hari ke-30. Hasil: Median kadar presepsin, CRP dan PCT pada neonatus prematur SNAL masing-masing adalah 1559 pg/mL 427 ndash; 4835 pg/mL, 16.35 mg/L 0.1 ndash; 245.6 dan 4.11 ng/mL 0.17 ndash; 54.18 lebih tinggi secara bermakna dibandingkan pada neonatus prematur sehat 406 pg/mL 195 ndash; 562 pg/mL, 1.22 mg/L 0.1 ndash; 3.69 dan 0.03 0.01 ndash; 0.04 dengan nilai p.

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Introduction: C reactive protein CRP and procalcitonin PCT are marker of neonatal sepsis diagnostics and monitoring of the most widely used. Currently there is a new marker of sepsis that is Soluble CD14 subtype sCD14 ST presepsin. This study aims to determine the benefits of serial presepsin levels, CRP and PCT as well as the correlation between presepsin with CRP and PCT as a marker of response to therapy and prognosis of patients SNAL in premature neonates.

Methods. This was prospective cohort, from 20 healthy preterm neonates and 40 LOS preterm neonates patient. The concentration of presepsin, CRP and PCT were analysed. Presepsin, CRP and PCT measured in both group and in 3rd 6th day sepsis follow up after therapy. Therapeutic respons was done in 20 LOS preterm neonates patient and 20 preterm neonates patient was not. The mortality of LOS preterm neonates patient saw in 30th day observation.

Results: Median of presepsin, CRP and PCT in LOS preterm neonates are 1559 pg mL 427 ndash 4835 pg mL, 16.35 mg L 0.1 ndash 245.6 and 4.11 ng mL 0.17 ndash 54.18, respectively, are significantly higher than healty preterm neonates 406 pg mL 195 ndash 562 pg mL, 1.22 mg L 0.1 ndash 3.69 and 0.03 0.01 ndash 0.04, p value "