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Abstrak :
Persepsi ketidakcukupan air susu ibu (PKA) adalah keadaan ibu merasa ASI-nya tidak cukup untuk memenuhi kebutuhan bayinya. PKA merupakan salah satu penyebab utama kegagalan ASI eksklusif di dunia. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui faktor paling dominan berhubungan dengan PKA di Kecamatan Tegal Selatan dan Kecamatan Margadana, Kota Tegal tahun 2014. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian primer dengan desain studi potong lintang. Sampel berjumlah 88 ibu dari bayi berusia 0 - 6 bulan yang dipilih secara purposive sampling. Status gizi ibu dilihat dari kenaikan berat badan ibu sewaktu hamil apakah sesuai dengan rekomendasi dari Institute of Medicine. Asupan energi ibu saat laktasi diukur melalui wawancara dengan menggunakan semi-quantitative-Food Frequency Questionnaire (FFQ / Food Amount Questionnaire (FAQ)). Untuk variabel pengetahuan, digunakan kuesioner terstruktur. Uji analisis yang digunakan adalah uji kai kuadrat (bivariat) dan uji regresi logistik ganda (multivariat). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa sebanyak 51,1% ibu mengalami PKA. Variabel pengetahuan (nilai p = 0,001), asupan energi (nilai p = 0,019) dan Inisiasi Menyusu Dini (IMD) (nilai p = 0,048) berhubungan signifikan dengan PKA setelah dikontrol variabel status gizi, paritas, rawat gabung, perlekatan menyusui, dukungan keluarga, dan dukungan tenaga kesehatan. Faktor pengetahuan merupakan faktor yang paling dominan berhubungan dengan PKA.

Perception of insufficient milk supply (PIM) is the condition in which a mother feels that her breastmilk is insufficient to meet the needs of their babies. Such perception is one of main reasons of the exclusive breastfeeding failure in the world. This study aimed to find out the most dominant factors related to PIM in Tegal Selatan District and Margadana Sub-Districts at Tegal City in 2014. This study was a primary study with a cross sectional design. A total sample of 88 mothers of 0 - 6 months old babies selected in by purposive sampling. Mother?s nutritional status was seen from the increasing of mother?s weight gain during the pregnancy was it met the standards from Institute of Medicine. The mother?s energy intake during lactation was measured through interview using semi-quantitative Food Frequency Questionnaire (FFQ / Food Amount Questionnaire (FAQ)) form. Knowledge variable used structured questionnaire. Analysis used are chi square test (bivariate) and multiple regression logistic (multivariate). The result showed that 51.1% mothers experienced PIM. Variables knowledge (p value = 0.001), energy intake (p value = 0.019), and early initiation of breastfeeding (p value = 0.048) were significantly related to perception after controlled by nutritional status, parity, rooming-in, latch on, family support, and health practitioners support variable. Knowledge is the most dominant factor related to the PIM.

Abstrak :
Konsumsi Energi Saat Laktasi dan Durasi Menyusui di Wilayah Kerja Puskesmas Margajaya Kota Bekasi Tahun 2014. Kendati rekomendasi angka kecukupan gizi menunjukkan lebih tingginya kebutuhan energy ibu saat laktasi dibandingkan saat hamil namun penelitian di Jakarta dan Depok menunjukkan konsumsi energy ibu laktasi justru lebih rendah. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui faktor yang berhubungan dengan konsumsi energi ibu laktasi serta hubungan antara konsumsi energy ibu laktasi dengan durasi menyusui di Puskesmas Margajaya Kota Bekasi tahun 2014. Penelitian dilakukan secara cross sectional terhadap 60 orang ibu menggunakan kuesioner termasuk Semi- quantitative Food Frequency Questionnaire. Analisis dilakukan menggunakan uji chi-square. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan adanya hubungan bermakna antara umur ibu, paritas, dan konsumsi energy ibu hamil dengan konsumsi energi ibu menyusui. Ibu cukup umur (>27 tahun), multipara dan konsumsi energy hamil rendah (<2.100 Kal/hari) berisiko untuk memiliki konsumsi energy laktasi yang rendah. Selain itu, ditemukan hubungan bermakna antara konsumsi energy ibu laktasi dengan durasi menyusui. Ibu yang konsumsi energinya saat laktasi rendah berpeluang 4 kali lebih besar untuk memiliki durasi menyusui yang singkat. Direkomendasikan perlunya informasi kepada ibu tentang pentingnya konsumsi energi saat laktasi karena kebutuhannya yang tinggi untuk mendukung produksi ASI.Disarankan juga agar peningkatan rekomendasi angka kecukupan energi untuk ibu laktasi bulan ke 6-12 dimajukan menjadi bulan ke-4 mengingat kebutuhan gizi memasuki bulan ke-4 tersebut sudah sangat besar.;Despite recommendation for higher energy intake during lactation than during pregnancy, researches at Jakarta and Depok showed that energy consumption during lactation was lower than during pregnancy. The purpose of this study is to investigate the association between individual characteristics and energy consumption during lactation, and to assess the relationship between energy consumption during lactation to duration of breastfeeding among 60 mothers in the working area of PuskesmasMargajayaBekasi City in 2014. This research used a cross-sectional design; data was collected through primary data collection by questionnaire and Semi-quantitative Food Frequency Questionnaire. Analysis was conducted using chi-square technique. The study found that mothers of sufficient age (>27 years old), multiparous, and had low (<2,100 kcal/day) energy intake during pregnancy had significant higher risk to low energy consumption during lactation. Mothers with low energy consumption during lactation had 4 times higher risk of short duration of breastfeeding. It is recommended to provide information on the importance of higher energy intake during lactation due to the higher need to support breastmilk production and also to shift forward the nutrition recommendation regarding additional energy intake during lactation period from month 6 to month 4 due to higher energy requirement that commences when lactating mothers enter the fourth month of lactation.

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Despite recommendation for higher energy intake during lactation than during pregnancy, researches at Jakarta and Depok showed that energy consumption during lactation was lower than during pregnancy. The purpose of this study is to investigate the association between individual characteristics and energy consumption during lactation, and to assess the relationship between energy consumption during lactation to duration of breastfeeding among 60 mothers in the working area of PuskesmasMargajayaBekasi City in 2014. This research used a cross-sectional design; data was collected through primary data collection by questionnaire and Semi-quantitative Food Frequency Questionnaire. Analysis was conducted using chi-square technique. The study found that mothers of sufficient age (>27 years old), multiparous, and had low (<2,100 kcal/day) energy intake during pregnancy had significant higher risk to low energy consumption during lactation. Mothers with low energy consumption during lactation had 4 times higher risk of short duration of breastfeeding. It is recommended to provide information on the importance of higher energy intake during lactation due to the higher need to support breastmilk production and also to shift forward the nutrition recommendation regarding additional energy intake during lactation period from month 6 to month 4 due to higher energy requirement that commences when lactating mothers enter the fourth month of lactation.