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"ABSTRAKLatar Belakang: Laki-laki yang berhubungan seksual dengan laki-laki (LSL) adalah suatubentuk oritentasi seksual (homoseksual) yang lebih ditekankan kepada perilaku seksual berupahubungan seksual terhadap sesama jenis. Perilaku seksual pada LSL ini cenderung bebas,berganti-ganti pasangan, dan tidak menggunakan kondom sehingga terjadi peningkatan risikokesehatan tertentu seperti Infeksi Menular Seksual (IMS). Infeksi Human ImmunodeficiencyVirus (HIV) dan Virus Herpes Simpleks (VHS) merupakan salah satu IMS dan dapat berinteraksisinergistik. Pada individu dengan HIV dan koinfeksi VHS dapat meningkatkan risiko transmisipenularan HIV serta mempercepat perburukan ke arah AIDS. Di Indonesia, belum pernahdilaporkan proporsi VHS pada populasi LSL baik yang terinfeksi HIV maupun yang tidakterinfeksi HIV.Tujuan: Mengetahui perbandingan proporsi seroprevalensi VHS-1 dan VHS-2 pada LSL dengandan tanpa HIV serta peranan pemakaian kondom.Metode: Penelitian ini berdesain potong lintang pada 76 LSL yang terinfeksi maupun tidakterinfeksi HIV di klinik Perkumpulan Keluarga Berencana Indonesia (PKBI). Wawancaratentang kekerapan pemakaian kondom dan pemeriksaan serologis imunoglobulin G (IgG) VHS-1serta VHS-2 dilakukan pada tahap awal penelitian.Hasil: Dari 76 SP, 34 SP terinfeksi HIV dan 42 SP tidak terinfeksi HIV. Total proporsiseroprevalensi VHS-1 dan VHS-2 masing – masing adalah sebesar 69,7% dan 23,7%. ProporsiVHS-1 dan VHS-2 pada SP tanpa HIV adalah masing-masing sebesar 71,4% dan 14,3%.Proporsi VHS-1 dan VHS-2 pada SP dengan HIV adalah masing-masing sebesar 67,6% dan35,3%. Penggunaan kondom tidak berhubungan dengan kejadian terinfeksi VHS-1 (p=0,068; IK:0,05-1,1) atau VHS-2 (p=0,447; IK: 0,09-2,8) pada kelompok LSL dengan HIV. Penggunaankondom berhubungan dengan kejadian terinfeksi VHS-1 pada kelompok LSL tanpa HIV(p=0,036; IK: 0,52-0,9), tetapi penggunaan kondom tidak berhubungan dengan kejadianterinfeksi VHS-2 pada kelompok LSL tanpa HIV (p=0,08; IK: 0,81-32,98).Kesimpulan: Proporsi LSL dengan VHS-1 lebih tinggi dibandingkan dengan VHS-2, baik padakelompok tanpa dan dengan HIV. Proporsi LSL dengan VHS-2 pada kelompok HIV dua kalilipat lebih tinggi dibandingkan dengan tanpa HIV.

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ABSTRACTBackground: Men who have sex with men (MSM) is homosexual orientation that emphasizeson sexual behavior to the same sex. The sexual behaviors among MSM tend to have free sex,multiple sexual partners, and perform unsafe sex, thus it may increase risk of infection tosexually transmitted diseases (STD). Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) and HerpesSimplex Virus (HSV) infection are examples of STD that are able to interact synergistically oneto another. Individual with HIV and co-infected with HSV may increase risk of transmissionHIV and progressively worsening to AIDS. In Indonesia, proportion VHS infection in those whoeither with and without HIV in MSM population, is never been reported.Objective: To compare proportion HSV-1 and HSV-2 seroprevalence in MSM with and withoutHIV infection and its association with condom use.Methods: It is cross sectional study to 76 MSM, either with or without HIV, coming to seekhealth services in PKBI outpatients clinic. Interview regarding frequency condom use andserological test immunoglobulin G to HSV-1 and HSV-2 was done in the early of research.Results: Out of 76 MSM, 34 MSM are infected with HIV and 42 MSM those who are not. Totalproportion HSV-1 and HSV-2 seroprevalence respectively are 69,7% and 23,7%. ProportionHSV-1 and HSV-2 to those who are not infected to HIV respectively is 71,4% and 14,3%.Proportion HSV-1 and HSV-2 to those who are infected to HIV respectively is 67,6% and35,3%. Condom use is not associated either with a risk of infection to HSV-1 (p=0,068; IK:0,05-1,1) or HSV-2 (p= 0,447; IK: 0,09-2,8) in MSM who are infected to HIV. Condom use isassociated with a risk of infection to VHS-1 (p=0,036; IK: 0,52-0,9), but it is not associated withrisk of infection to HSV-2 (p=0,08; IK: 0,52-32,98) among those who are not infected to HIV.Conclusion: Proportion MSM who are infected to HSV-1 is higher compared to HSV-2 in bothgroups (with and without HIV). Proportion MSM who are infected to HSV-2 in HIV group istwice higher compared to group those who are not."

"Latar belakang : nevus melanositik didapat (NM) adalah salah satu kelainan pigmentasi melanositik yang dapat menjadi prekursor potensial melanoma. Telah diketahui bahwa tipe kulit putih merupakan salah satu faktor risiko terjadinya melanoma. Pola dermoskopi NM pada populasi kulit putih memiliki gambaran dermoskopik yang berbeda pada setiap tipe kulit (tipe I ? IV) menurut klasifikasi Fitzpatrick. Belum pernah dilaporkan perbedaan gambaran dermoskopik pada tipe kulit orang Indonesia yang umumnya berkulit sawo matang dengan tipe kulit IV dan V. Dianggap penting untuk mengetahui karakteristik gambaran klinis dan dermoskopik NM pada tipe kulit orang Indonesia yang meliputi tipe kulit III, IV dan V. Metode : penelitian ini menggunakan rancangan potong lintang, pada 96 subyek penelitian (SP) dewasa (usia 18-60 tahun) di Poliklinik IKKK RSCM Jakarta terbagi merata untuk setiap tipe kulit III, IV dan V. Dilakukan pemeriksaan gambaran klinis dan dermoskopik NM pada tiap SP. Gambaran klinis yang dinilai adalah morfologi klinis dan warna lesi. Hasil : didapatkan gambaran klinis NM yang paling banyak adalah lesi datar (88,44%), berwarna cokelat gelap (51,43%), dengan median ukuran 2 mm. Pola dermoskopik yang paling banyak ditemukan pada seluruh lesi NM adalah retikular (33,40%). Terdapat proporsi dan kecenderungan yang semakin meningkat pada pola retikular dengan meningkatnya kegelapan tipe kulit orang Indonesia (tipe kulit IV terhadap tipe kulit III OR 1,4 (95% CI 0,5-4,0); tipe kulit V terhadap tipe kulit III OR 1,7 (95% CI 0,6-4,8)). Kesimpulan : Tidak terdapat perbedaan gambaran klinis NM pada tiap tipe kulit orang Indonesia. Terdapat perbedaan pola dermoskopik pada tipe retikular dengan proporsi yang makin meningkat sesuai dengan tipe kulit yang makin gelap.

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Background : Acquired melanocytic nevi (MN) is one of melanocytic pigmentation disorder, which can be a potential precursor of melanoma. Fair skin type has been known as one of the risk factor for melanoma. The dermoscopic pattern of MN in white population is different among the skin types (type I ? IV) according to Fitzpatrick?s classification. The difference in dermoscopic pattern of MN among the skin types of Indonesian people, which commonly dark brown with types IV and V, has not been reported. It is important to know the clinical characteristics and dermoscopic pattern of MN in Indonesian people skin types, which includes the skin types of III, IV and V.

Method : We performed a cross sectional study in 96 adult patients (18-60 years old), distributed equally for each skin type III, IV and V, at the Dermatovenereology outpatient clinic Dr Cipto Mangunkusumo hospital Jakarta. Each subject was examined for clinical and dermoscopic pattern. Clinical characteristic include clinical morfology and color.

Result : The study found that the most frequent clinical characteristics of MN were planar lesion (88.44 %), dark brown color (53.43%), with median size 2 mm. The most frequent dermoscopic pattern in all MN lesions was reticular (33.40 %). There was increasing proportion and odds within reticular pattern with the increase of skin?s darkness of Indonesian people (skin type IV to type III with OR 1.4 (95% CI 0.5-4.0); skin type V to type III with OR 1.7 (95% CI 0.6-4.8), respectively).

Conclusion : Clinical characteristics were not significantly different among the skin types of Indonesian people. There was difference on dermoscopic pattern within the reticular type, showing an increase of its proportion in accordance with the darker skin types."

"Latar Belakang: Dermatitis seboroik (DS) merupakan kelainan inflamasi kronik pada area kulit yang kaya kelenjar sebasea. Hingga saat ini patogenesis DS terus berkembang, termasuk dikaitkan dengan kejadian sindrom metabolik. Oleh karena sindrom metabolik terjadi akibat resistensi insulin yang diperankan oleh jaringan lemak viseral, maka diduga kedua hal tersebut juga memiliki peran terhadap kejadian DS.Tujuan: mengetahui rerata HOMA-IR dan skala jaringan lemak viseral pada pasien DS, serta menilai perbedaannya dibandingkan dengan kontrol.Metode: Penelitian kasus-kontrol berpasangan ini dilakukan di Poliklinik Dermato-venereologi RSCM selama Juli-Agustus 2022. Kelompok kasus ialah pasien berusia ≥18 tahun, tidak hamil, IMT ≥18,5 kg/m2 yang terdiagnosis DS secara klinis, serta tidak memiliki penyakit imunokompromais, infeksi kronis, kanker, autoimun, atau degeneratif lainnya. Kelompok kontrol ialah pasien non-DS yang match berdasarkan usia, jenis kelamin, dan kategori IMT. Seluruh subjek menjalani pemeriksaan klinis, laboratorium, dan pengukuran skala lemak viseral menggunakan alat BIA TANITA® SC330.Hasil: Masing-masing kelompok DS dan kontrol berjumlah 36 subjek pada studi ini. Median(min-maks) usia kelompok DS ialah 26,5(20-45) tahun, jenis kelamin laki-laki 52,8%, dan median(min-maks) IMT sebesar 24,2(18,5-38,8) kg/m2. Median HOMA-IR ditemukan lebih tinggi pada kelompok DS dibandingkan kontrol (1,54[0,72-4,09] VS. 1,22[0,53-2,73]; p=0,031). Namun, tidak terdapat perbedaan yang bermakna secara statistik untuk skala lemak viseral antara kelompok DS dengan kontrol (6,5[1-14] VS. 6,0[1-12]; p=0,149).Kesimpulan: Nilai median HOMA-IR dan skala jaringan lemak viseral pada pasien DS adalah masing-masing 1,54 (IK95% 0,72-4,09) dan 6,5 (IK95% 1-14). Nilai HOMA-IR pada pasien DS lebih tinggi dibandingkan dengan kontrol dan bermakna secara statistik, tetapi tidak terdapat perbedaan bermakna secara statistik untuk skala lemak viseral.

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Background: Seborrheic dermatitis (SD) is a chronic inflammatory disorder in sebaceous gland-rich skin. Until today the pathogenesis of SD continues to develop, including investigation about the link association between SD and metabolic syndrome. Metabolic syndrome is a disease caused by insulin resistance in which visceral fat tissue may play important role, therefore insulin resistance and visceral fat tissue are hypothesized to influence the development of SD.

Objective: To measure the HOMA-IR and visceral fat rating scale in SD patients, and to investigate the differences compared to the control group.

Methods: A matched case-control study was conducted in Dermatovenereology Clinic Cipto Mangunkusumo General Hospital in July-August 2022. Case group was non-pregnant patients aged ≥18 years old and BMI ≥18,5 kg/m2 which were clinically diagnosed with SD, and did not have any of immunocompromise, chronic infection, cancer, autoimmune, or degenerative disease. Control group was non-SD patients that were matched according to the age, gender, and BMI categories. All the subjects assigned for clinical and laboratory examination, and visceral fat measurement using BIA TANITA® SC330.

This study involved 36 subjects in each SD and control group. Median(min-max) of age in SD group was 26.5(20-45) yo, male 52.8%, and median(min-max) of BMI was 24.2(18.5-38.8) kg/m2. Median HOMA-IR was significantly higher in SD group compared to the control group (1.54[0.72-4.09] VS. 1.22[0.53-2.73]; p=0.031). However, there was no significant difference for visceral fat rating scale between SD and control group (6.5[1-14] VS. 6.0[1-12]; p=0.149).

Conclusion: The median HOMA-IR and visceral fat rating scale in SD were 1.54 (95%CI 0.72-4.09) and 6.5 (95%CI 1-14). HOMA-IR in SD group is higher to the control group and statistically significant, but there is no significant difference for visceral fat rating scale."

"Latar belakang: Baku emas diagnosis onikomikosis adalah pemeriksaan biakan dan histopatologi, namun memiliki keterbatasan. Pemeriksaan sediaan langsung kalium hidroksida (KOH) merupakan pemeriksaan yang sudah dilakukan dalam praktik sehari-hari. Dermoskopi memiliki potensi sebagai alat skrining dan atau diagnostik onikomikosis. Tujuan: Mengetahui nilai diagnostik pemeriksaan dermoskopi dan sediaan langsung KOH 30% sebagai alat bantu diagnosis onikomikosis subungual distal lateral dibandingkan dengan baku emas biakan atau histopatologi. Metode: Uji diagnostik potong lintang terhadap kuku dengan kecurigaan onikomikosis subungual distal lateral di RSCM Jakarta. Pemeriksaan dermoskopi, KOH, biakan, dan histopatologi dilakukan secara tersamar. Hasil: Penelitian terdiri dari 60 kuku. Sensitivitas dan spesifisitas pemeriksaan KOH sebesar 89,6% dan 66,7%. Pada dermoskopi, sensitivitas gambaran jagged edged with spikes, longitudinal striation, dan perubahan warna 89,6%, 93,8%, dan 97,9%. Spesifisitas paling baik dimiliki gambaran aurora borealis, yaitu 91,7%. Nilai duga positif keempat gambaran dermoskopi tersebut 75,0%-79,7%. Kombinasi pemeriksaan KOH dengan dermoskopi pada keempat gambaran tersebut meningkatkan spesifisitas dan nilai duga positif dermoskopi. Kesimpulan: Pemeriksaan KOH dan dermoskopi merupakan alat penapis yang baik. Dermoskopi dapat membantu diagnosis pada kondisi pemeriksaan mikologis tidak tersedia dan dapat digunakan sebagai penapis kasus yang membutuhkan pemeriksaan lebih lanjut.

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Background: Gold standards for onychomycosis are culture and histopathological examination. However, they have limitations. Dermoscopy has the potential to become promising onychomycosis diagnostic tool. Direct examination of potassium hydroxide (KOH) also has the same advantages as dermoscopy. Knowing the accuracy of both examination can help clinical decision making. Objective: To asses diagnostic value of dermoscopic and KOH examination for distal lateral subungual onychomycosis compared to culture or histopathology. Methods: A cross-sectional diagnostic study of nails with suspected distal lateral subungual onychomycosis from RSCM outpatient, Jakarta. Dermoscopy, KOH, culture, and histopathology were assessed independently. Results: This study were done to 60 nails. Sensitivity and specificity of KOH examination were 89.6% and 66.7%. On dermoscopy, the sensitivity of jagged edged with spikes, longitudinal striation, and color discoloration were 89,6%, 93,8%, and 97,9%. Aurora borealis has the best specificity. The positive predictive value of these four features were 75.0% -79.7%. Combination with KOH examination increased the specificity and positive predictive value of dermoscopy. Conclusion: Dermoscopy and KOH examination are good screening tools. These procedures can also help diagnosis in condition where mycological examination are not available."

"[ABSTRAKLatar belakang dan tujuan : Hubungan seksual anal reseptive usia muda pada LSL meningkatkan penularan infeksi Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV), infeksi Human Papilloma Virus (HPV), dan infeksi menular seksual lainnya sehingga dapat menimbulkan abnormalitas sitologi anus. Kekerapan hubungan seksual anus pada LSL menyebabkan trauma berulang pada anus juga menimbulkan abnormalitas sitologi anus. Hal ini menyebabkan LSL rentan menderita kanker anus. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui kemungkinan terdapatnya hubungan antara coitarche, kekerapan hubungan seksual anal receptive dan infeksi HIV terhadap abnormalitas gambaran sitologi anus dengan anal pap smear. Metode: Penelitian ini berdesain potong lintang pada 99 LSL di Puskesmas Pasar Rebo, Jakarta Timur. Dilakukan wawancara tentang coitarche, kekerapan hubungan seksual anal receptive, dan jumlah pasangan. Juga pemeriksaan fisis, pemeriksaan serologis HIV dan pengambilan spesimen anal swab untuk pemeriksaan sitologi anus. Hasil: Proporsi gambaran abnormal sitologi adalah 15,2% dan seluruhnya ASCUS, tidak ditemukan LSIL dan HSIL. Gambaran abnormal sitologi anus berdasarkan kelompok usia coitarche dan kelompok pasangan seksual anal receptive seumur hidup terbanyak adalah usia coitarche >19 tahun dan pasangan seumur hidup < 24 orang. Gambaran abnormal sitologi anus pada kelompok berdasarkan jumlah pasangan dalam 3 bulan terakhir dan kekerapan hubungan seksual perminggu adalah sebanding. Pada 51 SP HIV positif didapatkan 17,6% ASCUS dan pada 48 SP HIV negatif didapatkan 12,5% ASCUS. LSL dengan gambaran klinis kutil peri anus ditemukan 30,3% ASCUS (RP 5,30; 95%IK 1,6417,19) Kesimpulan: Tidak terdapat perbedaan bermakna antara usia coitarche, kekerapan hubungan seksual anal receptive, dan infeksi HIV dengan abnormalitas sitologi anus.

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ABSTRACTBackground and aim: Anal receptive intercourse at younger age among MSM could increase transmission of HIV infection, HPV infection, and other sexually transmitted disease and could cause abnormalities of anal cytology. Frequent anal receptive intercourse in MSM would cause repeated trauma to anus and this process accelerate anal cytology abnormalities. This will put MSM at high risk of anal cancer. The aim of this study is to analyze the relationship among coitarche, frequency of anal receptive intercourse in MSM and HIV infection to anal cytology abnormalities using anal Papsmear. Methods: This is a cross sectional study in 99 MSM at puskesmas Pasar Rebo, Jakarta Timur. Interview about coitarche, frequency of anal receptive intercourse, number of sexual anal receptive patner, physical examination, HIV serology, anal swab specimens for anal cytology examination were done. Results: The proportion of the abnormal cytology was 15.2% and all were ASCUS. Neither LSIL nor HSIL were found. Abnormal cytology based on coitarche, were found more in the > 19 years age group. Abnormal cytology based on lifetime anal receptive sexual patner numbers, were more in < 24 patners. Abnormal anal cytology based on number of sexual patners in the past 3 months and frequency of weekly sexual intercourse wereequal. In 51 MSM with HIV positive group there was 17.6% ASCUS and in 48 MSM with HIV negative group there was 12.5% ASCUS. In MSM with perianal wart, 30.3% were ASCUS (PR 5.30; 95%CI 1.64-17.19) Conclution: There is no significant difference between coitarche age, frequency of anal receptive intercourse, and HIV infection with abnormal anal cytology. ;Background and aim: Anal receptive intercourse at younger age among MSM could increase transmission of HIV infection, HPV infection, and other sexually transmitted disease and could cause abnormalities of anal cytology. Frequent anal receptive intercourse in MSM would cause repeated trauma to anus and this process accelerate anal cytology abnormalities. This will put MSM at high risk of anal cancer. The aim of this study is to analyze the relationship among coitarche, frequency of anal receptive intercourse in MSM and HIV infection to anal cytology abnormalities using anal Papsmear. Methods: This is a cross sectional study in 99 MSM at puskesmas Pasar Rebo, Jakarta Timur. Interview about coitarche, frequency of anal receptive intercourse, number of sexual anal receptive patner, physical examination, HIV serology, anal swab specimens for anal cytology examination were done. Results: The proportion of the abnormal cytology was 15.2% and all were ASCUS. Neither LSIL nor HSIL were found. Abnormal cytology based on coitarche, were found more in the > 19 years age group. Abnormal cytology based on lifetime anal receptive sexual patner numbers, were more in < 24 patners. Abnormal anal cytology based on number of sexual patners in the past 3 months and frequency of weekly sexual intercourse wereequal. In 51 MSM with HIV positive group there was 17.6% ASCUS and in 48 MSM with HIV negative group there was 12.5% ASCUS. In MSM with perianal wart, 30.3% were ASCUS (PR 5.30; 95%CI 1.64-17.19) Conclution: There is no significant difference between coitarche age, frequency of anal receptive intercourse, and HIV infection with abnormal anal cytology. , Background and aim: Anal receptive intercourse at younger age among MSM could increase transmission of HIV infection, HPV infection, and other sexually transmitted disease and could cause abnormalities of anal cytology. Frequent anal receptive intercourse in MSM would cause repeated trauma to anus and this process accelerate anal cytology abnormalities. This will put MSM at high risk of anal cancer. The aim of this study is to analyze the relationship among coitarche, frequency of anal receptive intercourse in MSM and HIV infection to anal cytology abnormalities using anal Papsmear. Methods: This is a cross sectional study in 99 MSM at puskesmas Pasar Rebo, Jakarta Timur. Interview about coitarche, frequency of anal receptive intercourse, number of sexual anal receptive patner, physical examination, HIV serology, anal swab specimens for anal cytology examination were done. Results: The proportion of the abnormal cytology was 15.2% and all were ASCUS. Neither LSIL nor HSIL were found. Abnormal cytology based on coitarche, were found more in the > 19 years age group. Abnormal cytology based on lifetime anal receptive sexual patner numbers, were more in < 24 patners. Abnormal anal cytology based on number of sexual patners in the past 3 months and frequency of weekly sexual intercourse wereequal. In 51 MSM with HIV positive group there was 17.6% ASCUS and in 48 MSM with HIV negative group there was 12.5% ASCUS. In MSM with perianal wart, 30.3% were ASCUS (PR 5.30; 95%CI 1.64-17.19) Conclution: There is no significant difference between coitarche age, frequency of anal receptive intercourse, and HIV infection with abnormal anal cytology. ]"

"Latar belakang: Penilaian keaktifan penyakit urtikaria kronik selama ini menggunakan kuesioner Urticaria Activity Score (UAS) yang telah divalidasi namun memiliki kekurangan bersifat subjektif. Berbagai biomarker telah dilaporkan berpotensi menilai keaktifan penyakit urtikaria kronik secara objektif untuk melengkapi penilaian menggunakan kuesioner UAS tetapi belum secara rutin dan seragam digunakan pada urtikaria kronik. C-Reactive Protein (CRP) adalah salah satu biomarker potensial yang secara luas tersedia dengan biaya yang tidak tinggi. Oleh karena itu dibutuhkan penelitian di Indonesia yang menilai apakah CRP dapat menjadi pilihan pemeriksaan untuk menilai keaktifan penyakit urtikaria kronik.Tujuan: Menilai korelasi antara kadar CRP dengan keaktifan penyakit urtikaria kronik yang dinilai berdasarkan UAS7.Metode: Sebanyak 18 pasien urtikaria kronik berusia 18 – 59 tahun yang memenuhi kriteria penerimaan dan penolakan menjadi subjek penelitian. Dilakukan penilaian UAS7 dan pemeriksaan kadar CRP. Korelasi kadar CRP dan keaktifan penyakit yang dinilai dengan UAS7 dilakukan menggunakan uji Spearman.Hasil: Lebih dari 1/3 pasien dengan urtikaria kronik memiliki kadar CRP yang meningkat di atas normal dengan nilai median 2,5 (0,1 – 8,7) mg/L. Median skor UAS7 adalah 14 (5 – 32). Berdasarkan uji Spearman didapatkan nilai koefisien korelasi (r=0,529) dengan nilai p=0,024.Kesimpulan: Terdapat korelasi positif sedang bermakna antara kadar CRP dengan keaktifan penyakit urtikaria kronik yang dinilai dengan kuesioner UAS7.

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Background: Urticaria Activity Score is a questionnairres that has been use as a tool to assess disease activity. This tool is validated and of great value in the monitoring of patients with chronic urticaria, but has disadvantage of being subjective instrument. Several reports have suggested that blood parameter, such as CRP, may indicate disease activity and may be considered as potential biomarker for chronic urticaria however, it is not routinely used in daily practice in Indonesia. Therefore, research is needed to see whether CRP can be supporting examination of choice to assess disease activity.

Objective: To assess the correlation between CRP levels and disease activity measured by UAS7.

Method: Eighteen chronic urticaria patients age 18 – 59 years old who meet all inclusion and exclusion criterias are recruited in this study. Assessment of disease activity using UAS7 and measurement of CRP levels were performed. Correlation of CRP levels and diasease activity was done using Spearman analysis.

Results: CRP levels was higher in more than 1/3 patients with chronic urticaria with median 2,5 (0,1 – 8,7) mg/L. The median of UAS7 is 14 (5 – 32. Based on Spearman analysis, the coefficient of correlation is 0,529 with p value = 0,024.

Conclusion: CRP levels was significantly correlated with disease activity as measured by UAS7."

"Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui prevalensi dan faktor risiko vaginosis bakterial pada populasi wanita penjaja seks di Tangerang. Faktor risiko vaginosis bakterial pada WPS penting diketahui untuk dapat menyusun strategi pencegahan terhadap vaginosis bakterial. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian analitik dengan rancangan studi potong lintang. Subyek penelitian adalah wanita penjaja seks di kabupaten Tangerang, provinsi Banten. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa prevalensi vaginosis bakterial di Tangerang tergolong tinggi (131 dari 189 subyek didiagnosis vaginosis bakterial; 69.31%). Semakin banyak jumlah pasangan, tindakan bilas vagina, dan semakin muda usia wanita penjaja seks meningkatkan risiko vaginosis bakterial.

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This study aim to determine the prevalence of bacterial vaginosis and analyze risk factors of bacterial vaginosis in female sex workers in Tangerang. Knowledge about risk factor of bacterial vaginosis in high-risk population is important to formulate prevention strategies against bacterial vaginosis. The study design is analytical cross-sectional study. The study subjects are female sex workers in Tangerang district, Banten province.

Result shows that prevalence of bacterial vaginosis in Tangerang is high (131 out of 189 subjects were diagnosed as bacterial vaginosis; 69.31%). The higher the number of sexual partners, vaginal douching, and the younger the age group of female sexual workers increase the risk of bacterial vaginosis."

"[Kulit kering merupakan penyebab tersering keluhan gatal pada pasien HIV. Terapi antiretroviral pun dikaitkan dengan kulit kering, namun pemberiannya diperlukan oleh pasien HIV dalam jangka waktu yang lama. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengetahui hubungan antara lama terapi antiretroviral dengan derajat kekeringan kulit pada pasien HIV. Studi potong lintang dan kasus kontrol ini dilaksanakan pada Juni 2015 di Rumah Sakit Cipto Mangunkusumo. Didapatkan 97 subjek. Lama terapi antiretroviral lini dua berkorelasi positif terhadap nilai transepidermal water loss dan lama terapi antiretroviral berkorelasi negatif terhadap nilai skin capacitance. Lama terapi antiretroviral merupakan faktor risiko terhadap penurunan nilai skin capacitance.;Xerosis is the most common etiology for itch in HIV patients. Antiretroviral therapy is also associated with xerosis, but this drug is needed to be given in a long course. Therefore, the purpose of the study is to determine the association between duration of antiretroviral therapy and degree of xerosis in HIV patients. This cross sectional and case control study was done in June 2015 in Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital. There were 97 subjects. Duration of second line antiretroviral therapy is positively correlated to transepidermal water loss value and duration of antiretroviral therapy is negatively correlated with skin capacitance value. The duration of antiretroviral therapy is a risk factor for the decrease of skin capacitance value. , Xerosis is the most common etiology for itch in HIV patients. Antiretroviral therapy is also associated with xerosis, but this drug is needed to be given in a long course. Therefore, the purpose of the study is to determine the association between duration of antiretroviral therapy and degree of xerosis in HIV patients. This cross sectional and case control study was done in June 2015 in Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital. There were 97 subjects. Duration of second line antiretroviral therapy is positively correlated to transepidermal water loss value and duration of antiretroviral therapy is negatively correlated with skin capacitance value. The duration of antiretroviral therapy is a risk factor for the decrease of skin capacitance value. ]"

"ABSTRAKLatar belakang: Salah satu bahan aktif untuk penyembuhan luka adalah ekstrak Centella asiatica. Nanoteknologi khususnya nanopartikel kitosan banyak digunakan untuk meningkatkan bioavailibilitas bahan aktif terkandung ke dalam kulit. Namun efektivitas Centella asiatica ekstrak etanol dalam nanopartikel kitosan terhadap penyembuhan luka bakar dermis superfisial belum diketahui. Tujuan: Mengetahui efektivitas krim CAEENPK dibandingkan dengan krim Centella asiatica ekstrak etanol CAEE , SSD dan dengan kontrol terhadap luka bakar dermis superfisial pada tikus Sprague Dawley. Metode: Sebanyak 20 tikus jantan Sprague-Dawley dibagi menjadi 4 kelompok. Setelah dianestesi, diberi perlakuan 4 buah luka bakar pada punggung tiap tikus dan diberikan perlakuan CAEENPK, CAEE, SSD, dan kontrol . Tiap kelompok tikus dikorbankan pada hari berbeda yakni hari ke-3, 7, 14, dan 21. Dilakukan penilaian makroskopis luas luka , dan mikroskopis rasio dan jarak reepitelialisasi, wound contraction index, luas area luka, dan angiogenesis . Hasil: Tidak didapatkan perbedaan luas luka yang bermakna antarperlakuan pada hari ke-0, 3, 7, 14, dan 21. Namun perlakuan dengan ketiga bahan aktif CAEENPK, CAEE, dan SSD menunjukkan penurunan luas luka makroskopis lebih awal dibandingkan dengan kontrol pada hari ke-3. Secara mikroskopik, tidak didapatkan perbedaan bermakna pada rasio dan jarak reepitelialisasi, wound contraction index, luas area luka, dan angiogenesis. Namun perlakuan dengan CAEENPK menunjukkan luas area luka terkecil pada hari ke-3 dan menunjukkan angiogenesis tertinggi pada hari ke-21. Simpulan: Efektivitas krim yang mengandung CAEENPK terhadap penyembuhan luka bakar pada tikus tidak berbeda bermakna dibandingkan dengan krim yang mengandung CAEE, SSD, dan kontrol. Perlakuan dengan ketiga bahan aktif CAEENPK, CAEE, dan SSD menunjukkan penurunan luas luka makroskopis lebih awal dibandingkan dengan kontrol pada hari ke-3. Secara mikroskopis, perlakuan dengan CAEENPK menunjukkan luas area luka terkecil pada hari ke-3 dan menunjukkan angiogenesis tertinggi pada hari ke-21.

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ABSTRACTBackground Centella asiatica extract is known to promote wound healing. Nowadays nanotechnology, especially nanoparticle is used to increase bioavailability of active ingredients into the skin, one of which is chitosan nanoparticle. However, effectiveness of Centella asiatica ethanol extract in chitosan nanoparticle CAEECN towards superficial dermal burn healing is not fully understood. Objective To determine effectiveness of CAEECN cream compared to Centella asiatica ethanol extract CAEE cream, silver sulfadiazine SSD cream and control in superficial dermis burn healing in Sprague Dawley rats. Methods A total of 20 male Sprague Dawley rats were divided into 4 groups. After anesthetizing, 4 superficial dermis burns were made on the back of each rat and was given 4 treatments CAEECN, CAEE, SSD, and control afterwards. Those group were sacrificed on day 3rd, 7th, 14th, and 21st post burn induction. Several evaluations were macroscopic wound size , and microscopic parameters reepithelialization ratio and distance, wound contraction index, wound size, and angiogenesis . Results There were no significant difference of wound size between treatments on day 0, 3, 7, 14, and 21. But three active agents CAEECN, CAEE, and SSD treated group showed early decrease of wound size compare to control group on day 3. Microscopically, there were no significant differences in reepithelialization ratio and distance, wound contraction index, wound size, angiogenesis. Nevertheless CAEECN treated group showed the smallest wound size on day 3 and highest angiogenesis on day 21. Conclusion Effectiveness of CAEECN in burn wound healing in rats showed no significant diference compared to CAEE, SSD, and control. But in three active agents CAEECN, CAEE, and SSD treated group, showed early decrease of wound size compare to control group on day 3. Microscopically, CAEECN treated group showed the smallest wound size on day 3 and highest angiogenesis on day 21."