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"Successful treatment of the adult patient with an open bite dental or skeletal pattern often presents a difficult challenge. The causes of open bite may be multifactorial in nature, there are spesific diagnostic criteria that may allow for an orthodontic treatment modality incorporating extraction therapy with retraction of incisors.The intent of this article is to describe and demonstrate the extraction treatment of a open bite caused by a hyperdivergent facial pattern."

"Anterior crossbite occurs in children and adult. This anterior crossbite could be a dental (pseudo class III) or a skeletal class III malocclusions. A 15 years old young female came to orthodontic clinic RSGM FKGUI with maxillary dental crowding which canines were more protruded. The dental of mandible were more protruded than maxillary dental. The clinical examination, anamnesis, functional analyses and cephalometric evaluation and model study showed that it was a skeletal class III malocclusion with maxillary skeletal retrusion. To treat the anterior crossbite, the inclined bite plane isused for 2 weeks and followed by fixed appliance. After 2 month treatment, the anterior crossbite is resolved. The result of cephalometric evaluation showed that the use of inclined bite plane as a tool is quite effective to resolve this case."

"Jasper Jumper is an orthodontic appliance that belongs to fixed functional appliance. This appliance is designed to correct class II malocclusion case, and also further development of Herbst's. Jasper Jumper can be used to move a tooth, a group of teeth, or the entire denture. In addition, this appliance can produce the same effect as headgear, activator, or any combination of them. Understanding of selected cases, biomechanics and the working mechanism of Jasper Jumper is very helpful for operators working with this appliance in clinics."

"Indonesian Journal of Dentistry; Edisi Khusus KPPIKG XIV: 416-420

This care report was a treatment of anterior open bite with multiloop edgewise archwire (MEAW). The patient was a class II skeletal pattern nineteen year old girl. The possible etiology of this case was sucking habit and skeletal dysplsia. In 14 months the ideal class I molar and canine relationship was archieved."

"The purpose of this study was to investigate the pattern, mean and differences of measurements between men and women on vertical dentocraniofacial cephalometric values of open bite subjects with anterior tongue thrust. There were 27 subjects between ages of 12-28 years, 6 men and 21 women of which thirteen vertical dentocraniofacial variables were obtained from measurements taken from lateral cephalometrics; ANS-Me, N-Me, S-Go, CC-Go, SN-MP, N-ANS, PP-MP, Y-axis, UPDH, LPDH, ANS-UI, LI-MP and overbite. The means of values of ANS-Me, N-Me, S-Go and CC-Go were compared with the norms based on Deouteromalay population and SN-MP, PP-MP, Y-axis, UPDH, LPDH, ANS-UI, LI-MP with the norms based on Caucasian population. The obstacle of this study was the unavailable norms of vertical dentocraniofacial cephalometric for Deuteromalay population. Generally the pattern of vertical dentocraniofacial of open bite subjects with anterior tongue thrust shows the long face syndrome."

"A factor to pay attention to in orthodontic treatment is the inclination of upper and lower incisives. The inclination could be evaluated from interincisal angle and angle of upper incisive (UI) with cranium base (SN). This research is to evaluate those angles after the retraction of upper and lower incisives on malocclusion class I with bimaxillary prostrusion. In total, 34 samples were treated using edgewise system. The results show that mean for UI ? LI is 138.06°±1.47°, and for UI ? SN 95.97°±1.27°."

"Obstruction of the upper respiratory tract (OURT) will cause mouth breathing that is known to influence neuromuscular activity. This will lead to malformation of face growth pattern and head posture that can result in dentocraniofacial deformity. This research aimed to identify the differences in soft tissue profile characteristics in OURT patients compared to normal subjects, and to analyze the differences between boys and girls in this respect. An analytic descriptive study with cross sectional design was applied. The sample consists of 96 subjects including 64 OURT patients (32 boys and 32 girls) and 32 normal subjects (11 boys and 21 girls). The results showed that the OURT patients had convex profile and longer distance than the normal subjects between upper or lower lip to esthetic line (p<0.05). Furthermore, normal male subjects had longer distance of upper lip to E-line than females (p=0.039). The same was also shown in OURT patients, i.e. male patients had longer distance of upper and lower lip to E-line compared to females (p<0.05)."

"The incidence of loose brackets during orthodontic treatment has reached 5%; therefore, loose brackets should be rebonded. Rebonding without etching might decrease chair time without compromising bond strength. The objective of the study was to determine the shear bond strength and tensile bond strength of rebonded brackets without etching, in comparison with corresponding strength when using prior enamel etching. Forty human first upper premolar brackets were used as samples, divided into two groups. Group A (20 samples) were used to assess tensile bond strength, and group B (20) samples) to assess shear bond strength. Each group was tested twice with Universal testing Machine Shimadzu AG-5000. Test i was carried out to measure tensile and shear bond strength of brackets which were bonded after enamel etching, by pulling the brackets until loose. Test II was carried out to measure tensile and shear bond strength of brackets that were bonded without prior etching of the enamel, again by pulling the brackets until loose. The results showed a significant difference (p<0.05) between the two groups. Test II demonstrated significantly different tensile bond strength when compared to test I. Tensile and shear bond strength values of the bonding agent on rebonded bracket without etching were lower than tensile and shear bond strength values of the bonding agent in case of bonding with etching. However, even though the score decreased, it was still above the minimal score required for a bonding agent."