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Hasil Pencarian

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Vienna Rossimarina
"Latar belakang: Pasien pascabedah pintas arteri koroner (BPAK) mengalami penurunan fungsi paru akibat inflamasi perioperatif sehingga terjadi ketidakcocokan ventilasi/perfusi dan kelemahan otot pernapasan. Akibatnya saat beraktivitas, terjadi keterbatasan oksigen sehingga terjadi kelelahan otot lebih cepat dan kapasitas fungsional rendah. Latihan pernapasan diharapkan membantu memperbaiki kapasitas fungsional melalui perbaikan fungsi paru.
Tujuan: Membuktikan manfaat latihan pernapasan terhadap kapasitas fungsional yang diukur dengan 6 Minutes walk test (6MWT) pada pasien pasca-BPAK yang menjalani rehabilitasi kardiovaskular fase II.
Metode: Uji klinis dengan merandomisasi subjek pada kelompok perlakuan yang mendapat adjuvan latihan pernapasan atau menjalani program rehabilitasi standard. Diukur kapasitas inspirasi dan 6MWT pada awal dan akhir rehabilitasi fase II.
Hasil: Dua puluh delapan subjek dirandomisasi menjadi 14 kelompok perlakuan dan 14 kelompok standard. Setelah menjalani program rehabilitasi, kelompok perlakuan dan standard mengalami peningkatan jarak 6MWT yang tidak berbeda bermakna (67 ± 62.9 meter VS. 53 ± 65.7 meter; p = 0.556 ) walau kelompok perlakuan mengalami peningkatan kapasitas inspirasi lebih baik daripada kelompok standard (1357 ± 691.4 mL VS 589 ± 411.5 mL; p = <0.001 ).
Simpulan: Latihan pernapasan sebagai latihan adjuvan rehabilitasi kardiovaskular fase II pasca-BPAK tidak memperbaiki jarak 6MWT secara bermakna dibandingkan program rehabilitasi standard, hanya mempercepat perbaikan fungsi paru.

Background : Patients undergoing coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) surgery develop pulmonary dysfunction due to inflammation and respiratory muscle weakness, hence ventilation/perfusion mismatch occurs then leads to low functional capacity. Respiratory training has been identified to improve functional capacity by recovering pulmonary function faster.
Objectives : To study respiratory training benefit as adjuvant training in 2 phase of cardiovascular rehabilitation program after CABG for improving functional capacity measured by 6 minutes walk test/6MWT distance.
Methods : This single blind clinical trial randomized subjects into intervention group or standard group. Intervention group received respiratory training up to 60% of maximum inspiratory volume (MIV) as an adjuvant to the standard program. Then MIV and 6MWT distance were evaluated.
Result : Twenty eight subjects participated, 14 subjects were in intervention group and others were in standard group. Six MWT distance improvement is not significantly different between groups (67 ± 62.9 VS. 53 ± 65.7 meters respectively; p = 0.556 ). However, intervention group experienced better MIV improvement compared to standard group (1357 ± 691.4 VS. 589 ± 411.5 mL; p = <0.001 ).
Conclusion : Respiratory training as adjuvant training did not improve 6MWT distance among patients undergoing CABG surgery significantly.
"
Jakarta: Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Indonesia, 2015
SP-Pdf
UI - Tugas Akhir  Universitas Indonesia Library
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I Nyoman Wiryawan
"Latar Belakang. Hipertensi merupakan salah satu masalah kesehatan dunia dan merupakan salah satu faktor risiko penyakit kardiovaskular yang berhubungan dengan proses aterosklerosis dan aterotrombosis. Pengukuran tekanan darah di klinik atau rumah sakit saat ini masih dianggap sebagai metode referensi dalam mendiagnosis dan evaluasi pasien hipertensi, tetapi disebabkan adanya fenomena white-coat terlihat semakin jelas informasi yang diberikan seringkali tidak adekuat tentang status tekanan darah pasien yang sebenarnya. Hipertensi sendiri dikaitkan dengan kerusakan target organ dan salah satu diantaranya ke organ pembuluh darah. Pemeriksaan ketebalan tunika intima media arteri karotis dimaksudkan untuk melihat kerusakan yang terjadi akibat efek fenomena white-coat pada pembuluh darah yang mencerminkan terjadinya proses aterosklerosis dini.
Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah menilai hubungan antara kejadian fenomena white-coat pada pasien hipertensi dalam pengobatan dengan ketebalan tunika intima media arteri karotis.
Metode. Studi potong lintang dengan pengambilan pasien hipertensi dalam pengobatan secara konsekutif, mulai bulan Januari - Mei 2014 di poli rawat jalan RS Jantung dan Pembuluh Darah Harapan Kita, Jakarta. Pasien menjalani pemeriksaan OBP saat kontrol dan HBP dilakukan selama 4 hari berturut-turut dengan memakai alat tensimeter osilometri yang tervalidasi. Pemeriksaan ketebalan tunika intima media arteri karotis dilakukan pada semua pasien yang masuk dalam kriteria inklusi untuk mendapatkan nilai rerata ketebalan kompleks tunika intima.
Hasil. Didapatkan 219 subyek penelitian yang masuk kriteria inklusi. Uji statistik Mann Whitney digunakan untuk mengetahui hubungan pasien hipertensi yang mengalami fenomena white-coat dengan ketebalan tunika intima media arteri karotis. Hasil yang didapat, tidak terdapat perbedaan rerata yang bermakna secara statistik ketebalan tunika intima media arteri karotis antara pasien hipertensi yang mengalami fenomena white-coat dan yang tidak (A. Karotis kanan 0,7 ± 0,5 vs 0,8 ± 0,4 mm, nilai p = 0,153 ; A. Karotis kiri 0,8 ± 0,4 vs 0,7 ± 0,4 mm, nilai p = 0,900 ; A. Karotis kanan dan kiri 0,7 ± 0,4 vs 0,8 ± 0,3 mm, nilai p = 0,260). Dari hasil uji bivariat terhadap seluruh faktor perancu didapatkan variabel obat antihipertensi golongan enzym penyekat angiotensin dan usia terbukti sebagai perancu dalam penilaian hubungan antara fenomena white-coat dengan rerata ketebalan tunika intima media arteri karotis.
Kesimpulan. Penelian ini menunjukkan bahwa tidak terdapat perbedaan rerata yang bermakna secara statistik ketebalan tunika intima media arteri karotis antara pasien hipertensi yang mengalami fenomena white-coat dan yang tidak.

Background. Hypertension is one of the most important public health problems worldwide and a major risk factor for all forms of atherosclerotic and atherothrombotic CVD. Office blood pressure monitoring nowadays still considered as a method of reference for diagnosing an evaluating hypertensive patients, but due to white coat phenomenon, the information for the real blood pressure status is unclear. Hypertension itself was related to target organ damage and one of them is vascular damage related to atherosclerosis. Evaluation of carotid intima media thickness can represent early atherosclerotic process that happened in organ vascular caused by white-coat phenomenon.
Our objective was to analyze the relationship between white-coat phenomenon in hypertensive patients with carotid intima media thickness.
Method. This is a cross sectional, consecutive study. Data was collected from January ? May 2014 in National Cardiac Centre Harapan Kita Hospital Outpatient clinic. Office Blood pressure was measured when patients controlled to the clinic and HBP was measured for 4 consecutive days with the same validated electronic device. B-mode ultrasound of carotid arteries was performed to measured mean of carotid intima media thickness.
Results. Two hundred and nineteen hypertensive patients on therapy were enrolled in this study. Mann Whitney statistic test was used to determine the relationship of independent variables in hypertensive patients with white-coat phenomenon with carotid intima media thickness and found that there is no significant difference between hypertensive patients with white-coat phenomenon and no white-coat phenomenon with mean carotid intima media thickness (Right Carotid artery 0.7 ± 0.5 vs 0.8 ± 0.4 mm, p value = 0.153 ; Left Carotid Artery 0.8 ± 0.4 vs 0.7 ± 0.4 mm, p value 0.900 ; Right and left Carotid Artery 0.7 ± 0.4 vs 0.8 ± 0.3 mm, p value 0.260). From bivariate analysis results, obtained on all confounding variables, ACE-inhibitor and age proved as confounding in the assessment of the relationship between hypertensive patients with white-coat phenomenon and mean carotid intima media thickness.
Conclusions. This study showed that there is no significant difference of mean carotid intima media thickness in hypertensive patients with white-coat and no white-coat phenomenon.
"
Jakarta: Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Indonesia, 2014
T-Pdf
UI - Tesis Membership  Universitas Indonesia Library
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Paskariatne Probo Dewi Yamin
"[ABSTRAK
Latar Belakang. Malnutrisi merupakan salah satu masalah kesehatan utama yang banyak dijumpai terutama di negara berkembang. Malnutrisi pada pasien gagal jantung diketahui berhubungan dengan luaran klinis yang lebih buruk, meliputi peningkatan lama perawatan, readmisi dan mortalitas. Pada pasien gagal jantung dekompensasi akut (GJDA), perburukan fungsi ginjal (PFG) selama perawatan diduga merupakan komorbid yang memberikan dampak luaran klinis yang lebih buruk tersebut. Namun sampai saat ini belum diketahui bagaimana hubungan antara status malnutrisi dengan terjadinya PFG pada pasien GJDA. Oleh karena itu, penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan antara status malnutrisi dengan terjadinya PFG pada pasien GJDA, sekaligus untuk menilai besarnya pengaruh malnutrisi terhadap luaran klinis tersebut.
Metode. Studi kohort prospektif dilakukan di Rumah Sakit Jantung dan Pembuluh Darah Harapan Kita (RSJPDHK). Kejadian PFG didefinisikan sebagai peningkatan nilai kreatinin > 0,3 mg/dL atau > 25% dibandingkan kreatinin saat masuk rawat. Karakteristik dasar, pemeriksaan klinis awal, status antropometri dan data laboratorium diambil pada saat admisi. Pasien dibagi berdasarkan nilai NRI menjadi kelompok malnutrisi (NRI < 97,5) dan tidak malnutrisi (NRI > 97,5). Kemudian pemeriksaan serial kreatinin dilakukan dengan interval setiap 3 hari selama pasien menjalani perawatan di RS. Data kemudian diolah dengan analisis bivariat dan multivariat untuk mengetahui hubungan antara malnutrisi dengan PFG, lama perawatan, dan mortalitas.
Hasil Penelitian. Sebanyak 265 pasien GJDA diikutsertakan dalam penelitian ini, dengan proporsi kelompok malnutrisi sebesar 50,2%. Pada kelompok malnutrisi PFG terjadi pada 31,6% pasien, sedangkan pada kelompok tidak malnutrisi sebesar 26,5% pasien. Tidak didapatkan hubungan yang bermakna antara malnutrisi dengan kejadian PFG, namun terdapat kecenderungan peningkatan risiko PFG pada pasien GJDA yang disertai malnutrisi (OR 1,279; 95%IK 0,751-2,178; p=0,364). Malnutrisi ditemukan memiliki pengaruh yang signifikan terhadap tingginya lama rawat (HR 6,254; 95%IK 4,614-8,477; p<0,001) serta kematian pada pasien GJDA.
Kesimpulan. Penelitian prospektif ini tidak menemukan hubungan yang bermakna antara malnutrisi dengan PFG, namun didapatkan kecenderungan bahwa malnutrisi akan semakin meningkatkan risiko terjadinya PFG pada pasien GJDA. Pada pasien GJDA di RSJPDHK ditemukan proporsi malnutrisi yang sangat besar, dan malnutrisi pada kelompok ini memberikan kontribusi yang signifikan terhadap tingginya lama perawatan serta kematian.

ABSTRACT
Background. Malnutrition is the leading cause of disease burden especially in developing countries. Malnutrition in heart failure patients is associated with longer length of stay (LOS), higher readmission and mortality rates. Worsening renal function (WRF) has also been shown to contribute to the worsened outcomes in patients with acute decompensated heart failure (ADHF) patients. It is not known, however, whether malnutrition contributed to the worse outcomes in ADHF patient through the WRF. Accordingly, this study sought to investigate the association between malnutrition and WRF in ADHF patients.
Methods. A prospective cohort study was conducted in National Cardiovascular Center Harapan Kita (NCCHK) to all patients admitted with ADHF. WRF was defined as the occurrence, at any time during the hospitalization, of > 0,3 mg/dL or > 25% increase in serum creatinine from admission. Baseline and clinical characteristics, anthropometry status, and laboratory data were collected during hospital admission. Subjects were divided based on NRI into malnutrition (NRI < 97,5) and no malnutrition group (NRI > 97,5). Serial serum creatinine was evaluated within 3 days interval during hospitalization. Statistical analysis was done using bivariate and multivariate analysis to determine the association between malnutrition with WRF, LOS and mortality rates.
Results. Two hundred and sixty-five ADHF patients were included in this cohort study. Of those subjects, 50,2% were on malnutrition group. WRF occured in 31,6% patients of malnutrition group and 26,5% patients of no malnutrition group. Although there was an increased probability of WRF occurence in ADHF patients with malnutrition (OR 1,279; 95%CI 0,751-2,178; p=0,364), but this increased probability was not statistically significant. Malnutrition was found significantly prolonged the LOS (HR 6,254; 95%CI 4,614-8,477; p<0,001) and increased mortality rates in ADHF patients.
Conclusion. This prospective study demonstrated there was no significant association between malnutrition and WRF, but there was an increased probability of WRF occurrences in ADHF patients with malnutrition. Nevertheless, we found high burden of malnutrition in ADHF patients in NCCHK, and this burden contributed significantly to longer LOS and higher mortality rates in this population., Background. Malnutrition is the leading cause of disease burden especially in developing countries. Malnutrition in heart failure patients is associated with longer length of stay (LOS), higher readmission and mortality rates. Worsening renal function (WRF) has also been shown to contribute to the worsened outcomes in patients with acute decompensated heart failure (ADHF) patients. It is not known, however, whether malnutrition contributed to the worse outcomes in ADHF patient through the WRF. Accordingly, this study sought to investigate the association between malnutrition and WRF in ADHF patients.
Methods. A prospective cohort study was conducted in National Cardiovascular Center Harapan Kita (NCCHK) to all patients admitted with ADHF. WRF was defined as the occurrence, at any time during the hospitalization, of > 0,3 mg/dL or > 25% increase in serum creatinine from admission. Baseline and clinical characteristics, anthropometry status, and laboratory data were collected during hospital admission. Subjects were divided based on NRI into malnutrition (NRI < 97,5) and no malnutrition group (NRI > 97,5). Serial serum creatinine was evaluated within 3 days interval during hospitalization. Statistical analysis was done using bivariate and multivariate analysis to determine the association between malnutrition with WRF, LOS and mortality rates.
Results. Two hundred and sixty-five ADHF patients were included in this cohort study. Of those subjects, 50,2% were on malnutrition group. WRF occured in 31,6% patients of malnutrition group and 26,5% patients of no malnutrition group. Although there was an increased probability of WRF occurence in ADHF patients with malnutrition (OR 1,279; 95%CI 0,751-2,178; p=0,364), but this increased probability was not statistically significant. Malnutrition was found significantly prolonged the LOS (HR 6,254; 95%CI 4,614-8,477; p<0,001) and increased mortality rates in ADHF patients.
Conclusion. This prospective study demonstrated there was no significant association between malnutrition and WRF, but there was an increased probability of WRF occurrences in ADHF patients with malnutrition. Nevertheless, we found high burden of malnutrition in ADHF patients in NCCHK, and this burden contributed significantly to longer LOS and higher mortality rates in this population.]"
Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Indonesia, 2015
SP-PDF
UI - Tugas Akhir  Universitas Indonesia Library
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Fachmi Ahmad Muslim
"Latar Belakang : Cedera reperfusi menyebabkan kerusakan dan kematian sel miokard dan memberikan kontribusi hingga 50% dari luas infark. Pengkondisian iskemia dari luar jantung (remote ischemic conditioning, RIC) dapat menjadi perlakuan non invasif, murah dan mudah untuk membatasi cedera reperfusi. Efek kardioprotektif yang didapatkan dari perlakuan ini antara lain penurunan luas infark dan peningkatan fungsi kontraktilitas ventrikel. 6 MWT merupakan salah satu penilaian luaran klinis dan NT pro BNP menjadi salah satu parameter dari penilaian fungsi miokard dari efek RIC. 6 MWT pada sejumlah studi telah menunjukkan hubungannya dengan luas infark. Dalam studi yang lain pemeriksan NT-pro BNP setelah IMA-EST berkorelasi dengan ukuran infark dan fungsi miokard setelah IMA.
Tujuan : Menilai efek perlakuan pengkondisian iskemia ekstremitas pada pasien IMA EST yang menjalani IKPP terhadap 6 MWT dan kadar NT-ProBNP.
Metode : Penelitian ini merupakan studi klinis acak tersamar dilakukan di Rumah Sakit Jantung dan Pembuluh Darah Harapan Kita. Dilakukan perlakuan RIC pada kelompok studi sebelum tindakan IKPP. Pengukuran 6 MWT dan kadar NT-ProBNP dilakukan dalam masa perawatan pada kelompok studi dan kontrol.
Hasil : Terdapat 87 subyek yang terbagi dalam 2 kelompok yakni 41 orang mendapat perlakuan RIC dan 46 orang sebagai kelompok kontrol. Didapatkan jarak 6 MWT lebih jauh pada kelompok studi dibandingkan dengan kelompok kontrol namun tidak bermakna secara statistik (316 (±46) vs 289 (±66) meter; p = 0.06). Didapatkan kadar NT-Pro BNP lebih rendah pada kelompok studi dibandingkan dengan kelompok kontrol yang bermakna secara statistik (1073 (328-3974) vs 1514 (205-10696) pg/mL; p = 0.05).
Kesimpulan : Perlakuan RIC sebelum tindakan IKPP tidak meningkatkan kapasitas fungsional yang diukur dengan 6 MWT namun dapat menurunkan kadar NT-ProBNP.

Background : Reperfusion injury has been recognized to cause cell damage and death. As consequence, it contributes about 50% of infarct size. Remote ischemic condiotioning (RIC) has been identified as a noninvasive, low-cost, and easy to performed method to prevent it, so cardioprotective effect such as reducing infarct size and ventricular contraction improvement could be achieved. Meanwhile, myocardial function can be clinically assessed by measuring 6 minutes walk test (6MWT) and serum NT-proBNP level. Many studies showed association and correlation among 6MWT, NT-proBNP, infarct size and myocardial function.
Objectives : To assess remote ischemic conditioning in ST-Elevation Myocardial Infarction (STEMI) patients undergoing primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) to their 6 MWT distance and serum NT-proBNP level.
Methods : Eighty seven subjects were randomly assigned into 2 groups, those receiving RIC intervention (4 to 5 minutes cycles of cuff inflation/deflation on lower extremity) or control (uninflated cuff for 40 minutes) protocols prior to primary PCI. Prior to hospital discharge, all subjects underwent 6MWT and NT-proBNP evaluation.
Results : RIC improve 6MWT distance in intervention group, but it was not significantly different compared to control group (316 ±46 meters vs. 289 ± 66 meters). Serum NT-ProBNP level was also lower in RIC group compared to control group (1073 (328-3974) pg/mL vs. 1514 (205-10696) pg/mL ) and the difference was statistically significant.
Conclusion : RIC intervention prior to primary PCI improved functional capacity measured by 6MWT but not statistically significant compared to control group, however it improved serum NT-ProBNP significantly.
"
Jakarta: Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Indonesia, 2015
SP-Pdf
UI - Tugas Akhir  Universitas Indonesia Library
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Ulaan, Julio
"ABSTRAK
Latar Belakang:
Obesitas merupakan salah satu masalah kesehatan utama yang banyak ditemukan
di negara maju maupun negara berkembang. Obesitas menjadi salah satu faktor
risiko timbulnya penyakit kardiovaskular. Diketahui bahwa populasi obesitas
memiliki kadar plasma BNP yang rendah dibanding kelompok normal. BNP
adalah suatu hormon yang disintesis oleh miosit atrium yang berperan dalam
meregulasi hemodinamik tubuh. Selain itu BNP memiliki efek anti fibrosis dan
anti hipertrofi pada jantung. Dipikirkan bahwa adanya gangguan sintesis BNP di
miosit jantung sebagai salah satu penyebab. Maka, penelitian ini bertujuan untuk
melihat profil ekspresi mRNA BNP, NPR-A dan NPR-C pada populasi obesitas.
Metode:
Studi potong lintang dilakukan di Rumah Sakit Jantung dan Pembuluh Darah
Harapan Kita (RSJPDHK). Jaringan miosit tersimpan yang sudah dilakukan
ekstraksi RNA dibagi menjadi 2 kelompok berdasarkan IMT, kelompok obesitas
(IMT ≥27) dan kelompok normal (IMT <27) dan sesuai kriteria inklusi dan
eksklusi. RNA kedua kelompok dilakukan sintesis cDNA, ekstraksi protein dan
Real-Time PCR untuk mendapatkan mean ΔCt. Kemudian dilakukan
penghitungan menggunakan metode Livak untuk mendapatkan nilai ekspresi
relatif mRNA. Data kemudian di analisis statistik menggunakan SPSS 20.
Hasil Penelitian:
Sebanyak 48 pasien diikutsertakan dalam penelitian ini dengan jumlah kelompok
normal 34 orang dan kelompok obesitas 14 orang. Hasil ekspresi mRNA BNP,
NPR-A dan NPR-C lebih rendah pada kelompok obesitas dibanding kelompok
normal. Namun, tidak didapatkan perbedaan bermakna ekspresi mRNA BNP (p
0,768), NPR-A (p 0,838) dan NPR-C (p 0,768) antara kelompok obesitas
dibanding kelompok normal.
Kesimpulan:
Penelitian ini tidak menemukan perbedaan ekspresi mRNA BNP, NPR-A dan NPR-C yang bermakna antara kelompok obesitas dengan kelompok normal.

ABSTRACT
Background:
Obesity is presenting as a significant health problem across the world. Obesity is a
risk factor for cardiovascular diseases. The plasma level of B-type natriuretic
peptide (BNP) has been identified to be lower in obese people compare to normal.
As we know, BNP is one of the cardiac hormones synthesized by atrial myocyte
that plays a role in hemodynamic regulations. In addition, BNP exerts its anti
fibrotic and anti hypertrophic effects in the heart. It has been hypothesized that
one of the possible mechanism responsible for this inverse relationship is the
impaired synthesize of BNP by cardiomyocytes. Therefore, the aim of our study is
to evaluate the mRNA expression profile of BNP, Natriuretic peptide receptor
type-A (NPR-A) and Natriuretic peptide receptor type-C (NPR-C) in
cardiomyocytes of obese population.
Method:
A cross-sectional study was conducted in Rumah Sakit Jantung dan Pembuluh
Darah Harapan Kita (RSJPDHK). Cardiomyocytes that have been performed the
RNA extraction proses were divided into 2 groups, Obese group (BMI ≥27) and
Normal group (BMI <27), according to BMI and inclusion and exclusion criteria.
Synthesize cDNA, protein extraction and Real-Time PCR were performed in
order to have the mean of ΔCt. Livak method was used to determine the relative
expression mRNA value. SPSS 20 for Windows was used for the purpose of
statistical analyses.
Results:
48 patients were included in this study that consist of 34 patients in normal group
and 14 patients in obese group. The mRNA expression of BNP, NPR-A and NPRC
were
lower in obese group compared to normal group. However, there was no
significant difference between groups.
Conclusion:
In conclusion, there is no significant difference of mRNA expression of BNP, NPR-A and NPR-C between obese and normal group.;Background:
Obesity is presenting as a significant health problem across the world. Obesity is a
risk factor for cardiovascular diseases. The plasma level of B-type natriuretic
peptide (BNP) has been identified to be lower in obese people compare to normal.
As we know, BNP is one of the cardiac hormones synthesized by atrial myocyte
that plays a role in hemodynamic regulations. In addition, BNP exerts its anti
fibrotic and anti hypertrophic effects in the heart. It has been hypothesized that
one of the possible mechanism responsible for this inverse relationship is the
impaired synthesize of BNP by cardiomyocytes. Therefore, the aim of our study is
to evaluate the mRNA expression profile of BNP, Natriuretic peptide receptor
type-A (NPR-A) and Natriuretic peptide receptor type-C (NPR-C) in
cardiomyocytes of obese population.
Method:
A cross-sectional study was conducted in Rumah Sakit Jantung dan Pembuluh
Darah Harapan Kita (RSJPDHK). Cardiomyocytes that have been performed the
RNA extraction proses were divided into 2 groups, Obese group (BMI ≥27) and
Normal group (BMI <27), according to BMI and inclusion and exclusion criteria.
Synthesize cDNA, protein extraction and Real-Time PCR were performed in
order to have the mean of ΔCt. Livak method was used to determine the relative
expression mRNA value. SPSS 20 for Windows was used for the purpose of
statistical analyses.
Results:
48 patients were included in this study that consist of 34 patients in normal group
and 14 patients in obese group. The mRNA expression of BNP, NPR-A and NPRC
were
lower in obese group compared to normal group. However, there was no
significant difference between groups.
Conclusion:
In conclusion, there is no significant difference of mRNA expression of BNP, NPR-A and NPR-C between obese and normal group.
"
2015
SP-Pdf
UI - Tugas Akhir  Universitas Indonesia Library
cover
Irnizarifka
"ABSTRAK
Latar Belakang : Meskipun manajemen gagal jantung (GJ) semakin maju, prognosis pasien tetap belum membaik. Hal ini disebabkan karena adanya komorbid, terutama perburukan fungsi ginjal yang juga memainkan peran utama dalam patofisiologi GJ. Pada tahun 2015, Putri dkk
telah mengembangkan sistim skor VKPP untuk memprediksi perburukan fungsi ginjal pada pasien dengan Gagal Jantung Dekompensasi Akut (GJDA), yang variabelnya terdiri atas jenis kelamin perempuan, Hb < 12,5 mg/dl, kreatinin awal > 2,5 mg/dl, riwayat hipertensi, dan usia > 75 tahun. Nilai diskriminasi sistim skor tersebut 0,682 (95% IK; 0,630 - 0,734). Sampai saat ini, belum ada validasi eksternal pada sistim skor VKPP tersebut, sehingga perlu dilakukan agar dapat diimplementasikan secara klinis.
Tujuan : Melakukan validasi eksternal sistim skor Kardio-Renal VKPP pada pasien dengan GJDA yang menjalani rawat inap.
Metode : Penelitian merupakan studi kohort retrospektif dengan metode validasi eksternal temporal yang dilakukan di Departemen Kardiologi dan Kedokteran Vaskular Universitas Indonesia/Rumah Sakit Jantung dan Pembuluh Darah Harapan Kita, menggunakan data sekunder September 2015 hingga April 2016, yang diambil secara consecutive sampling. Analisis data ditujukan untuk mendapatkan nilai kalibrasi dan diskriminasi.
Hasil : Sampel akhir berjumlah 418, dengan kejadian perburukan fungsi ginjal sebesar 20,3%. Odds Ratio (OR) semua variabel sesuai dengan OR pada studi VKPP, kecuali variabel jenis kelamin perempuan yang justru tidak menjadi faktor risiko (OR 0,78; 95% IK 0,43-1,45).
Setelah dilakukan penghitungan skor VKPP pada semua sampel studi, didapatkan nilai kalibrasi 0,594 dan diskriminasi/AUC sebesar 0,568 (95% IK; 0,502 - 0,634). Pada studi Validasi, kejadian perburukan fungsi ginjal pada kelompok risiko rendah, sedang, dan tinggi yang dihitung menggunakan skor VKPP berurutan sebesar 18,6%, 21,9%, dan 29,6%. Dengan demikian, hanya kelompok risiko rendah yang berada pada rentang probabilitas prediksi perburukan fungsi ginjal yakni 11-26% (pada risiko sedang dan tinggi sebesar 27-49,5% dan 50-80%).
Kesimpulan : Sistim skor VKPP secara eksternal valid untuk memprediksi kelompok risiko rendah, namun masih perlu kajian lebih lanjut pada kelompok risiko sedang dan tinggi.

ABSTRACT
Background : Although the management of Heart Failure (HF) has developed, prognosis of patients still not significantly improved. It is due to comorbidities, especially worsening kidney function, which also plays a major role in the pathophysiology of HF. In 2015, Putri et al have developed a scoring system (VKPP score) to predict worsening of renal function in patients with
Acute Decompensated Heart Failure (ADHF), in which predictors are female, Hb < 12.5 mg/dl, admission creatinine > 2.5 mg/dl, history of hypertension, and age > 75 years . This scoring system yields discrimination value of 0.682 (95% CI; 0.630 to 0.734). Until now, there has been no external validation on the VKPP scoring system, therefore it is needed in order to implement
them clinically.
Objective : To validate externally the VKPP Cardio-Renal scoring system in patients who are hospitalized with ADHF.
Methods : This is a retrospective cohort study with temporal external validation method that performed at the Department of Cardiology and Vascular Medicine, Universitas
Indonesia/National Cardiovascular Center Harapan Kita, using secondary data from September 2015 until April 2016, which taken by consecutive sampling method. The data analysis is intended to develop the value of calibration and discrimination.
Results : The final samples are 418, with 20.3 % incidence of kidney function deterioration. Odds Ratio of all predictors is similar with the result in VKPP study, except female variable which is not a risk factor (OR 0.78; 95% CI; 0,43-1,45). As final, the calibration and
discrimination values are 0.594 and 0.568 (95% CI; 0.502-0.634). In the validation study, the incidence of worsening renal function in the low, moderate, and high risk group which are calculated using VKPP consecutively valued 18.6 % , 21.9 % and 29.6 %. However, only the
low-risk group who were in the range of probability predictions of worsening renal functions, which is 11-26 % (moderate and high risk valued 27 to 49.5 % and 50-80 %).
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2016
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Haryadi
"Tujuan : Mendapatkan perbandingan reaktifitas platelet jam pertama (dengan alat Multiplate) antara ticagrelor dan clopidogrel.
Latar Belakang : Ticagrelor memiliki kemampuan inhibisi platelet lebih baik dibandingkan clopidogrel. Penelitian PLATO atau substudi PLATO-platelet, dosis clopidogrel hanya 300 mg, dibandingkan dengan ticagrelor 180 mg pada pasien STEMI. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk menilai reaktifitas platelet pada jam-1,4 dan 8 antara ticagrelor 180 mg atau clopidogrel 600 mg pada pasien STEMI.
Metode : Penelitian random clinical trial, double blind, pasien STEMI dengan naive clopidogrel atau ticagrelor, dilanjutkan tindakan intervensi perkutan primer (PPCI) di RS Jantung Harapan Kita dari April-Juni 2013. Aktifitas platelet diukur jam pertama, jam keempat dan kedelapan dengan alat Multiplate.
Hasil : Didapat 22 pasien STEMI nave clopidogrel/ticagrelor, dengan 11 pasien tiap kelompok. Tidak terdapat perbedaan terhadap usia, onset iskemik, BMI, penyakit penyerta Diabetes Melitus serta waktu pengambilan sampel pemeriksaan antara 2 kelompok obat. Didapat nilai reaktifitas platelet tetap tinggi pada kelompok obat clopidogrel dibandingkan ticagrelor pada jam pertama. Hasil kelompok ticagrelor tetap konstan hingga jam ke-8. Dan penurunan rekatifitas platelet kelompok clopidogrel menurun mendekati nilai yang diharapkan hingga jam 8.
Kesimpulan : Reaktifitas platelet ticagrelor lebih rendah dibandingkan clopidogrel saat jam pertama pasca loading obat. Terdapat 45% (5 pasien) pada kelompok clopidogrel yang tetap memiliki reaktifitas platelet tinggi pada pemeriksaan jam pertama, keempat dan kedelapan, serta 9% (1 pasien) pada ticagrelor yang memiliki kenaikan nilai reaktifitas platelet pada jam keempat dan kedelapan

Objectives : This study sought to compare platelet reactivity by180 mg ticagrelor and 600 mg clopidogrel in primary PCI STEMI patients.
Background: The ability of ticagrelor in inhibiting platelet functions was more potent than clopidogrel in stable CAD and UAP/NonSTEMI patients. According to the PLATO trial or PLATO-platelet substudy, patients treated with 180 mg ticagrelor had better clinical endpoint and more platelet inhibition compared to 300 mg clopidogrel. The study we conducted was to see the platelet reactivity at 1st, 4th, and 8th hour after ingestion of 180 mg ticagrelor compared
to 300 mg clopidogrel in STEMI patients Methods: This is a randomized double blind clinical trial carried out in Department of Cardiology and Vascular Medicine Universitas Indonesia/ National Cardiovascular Center Harapan Kita in April - June 2013. As many as 22 clopidogrel or ticagrelor nave STEMI
patients undergoing primary PCI with were recruited. Platelet reactivity (PRU) was assessed by
Multiplate at 1,4,8 h after LD.
Result : Both nave ticagrelor and clopidogrel goups had 11 patients each. About 45% patients
in clopidogrel group have high reactivity platelet at 1h, 4h and 8 h MEA analysis, and 9%
patients in ticagrelor group have high reactivity platelet at 4h and 8 h MEA analysis.
Conclusion: The action of Ticagrelor in platelet reactivity was lower compared to Clopidogrel in
STEMI patients. 45 % patients in clopidogrel group maintained high platelet reactivity at 1st, 4th
and 8th hour after LD, while 9% patients in ticagrelor group had high platelet reactivity started at
4th up 8th hour after LD.
"
Jakarta: Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Indonesia, 2013
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Zul Efendi
"[Latar belakang : Fibrilasi atrium merupakan aritmia yang paling sering terjadi
pasca bedah pintas arteri koroner. Peningkatan stress oksidatif, inflamasi, aktivitas
neurohormonal memiliki peran terhadap kejadian fibrilasi atrium pasca bedah
pintas arteri koroner. Berbagai strategi farmakologis seperti antiaritmia,
antiinflamasi, dan antioksidan sudah dipelajari untuk menurun risiko kejadian
fibrilasi atrium pasca bedah pintas arteri koroner namun kejadian fibrilasi atrium
masih tinggi. Allopurinol memiliki efek antioksidan, namun belum ada uji klinis
yang mempelajari efek allopurinol terhadap kejadian fibrilasi atrium. Penelitian
ini bertujuan untuk menilai efek allopurinol terhadap kejadian fibrilasi atrium
pasca bedah pintas arteri koroner
Metode : Uji klinis randomisasi tersamar ganda dilakukan di Rumah Sakit
Pembuluh Darah Harapan Kita (RSJPDHK) pada periode April ? Mei 2015.
Pasien BPAK on-pump elektif yang diseleksi secara consecutive sampling
kemudian dibagi menjadi dua kelompok yaitu kelompok allopurinol dan
kelompok plasebo dengan randomisasi blok. Subyek diberikan allopurinol 600 mg
/ plasebo dosis tunggal sejak 1 hari sebelum operasi sampai hari ke-5 pasca
operasi. Dilakukan pengamatan kejadian fibrilasi atrium pasca operasi sampai
pasien pulang dari perawatan.
Hasil : Sebanyak 90 subyek diikutsertakan dalam penelitian, 45 subyek pada
masing-masing kelompok. Kejadiaan fibrilasi atrium lebih rendah secara
bermakna pada kelompok allopurinol (12 (26,7%) vs 22 (48,9%) p 0,030).
Kesimpulan : Pemberian allopurinol perioperatif menurunkan kejadian fibrilasi atrium pasca bedah pintas arteri koroner.;Background : Atrial fibrillation is the most common arrhythmias after coronary
artery bypass surgery. Increased oxidative stress, inflammation, neurohormonal
activity has a role on the incidence of atrial fibrillation after coronary artery
bypass surgery. Various pharmacological strategies such as antiarrhythmias, antiinflammatory,
and antioxidant have been studied to decrease atrial fibrillation
incident after coronary artery bypass surgery, but the incidence of atrial
fibrillation is still high. Allopurinol has antioxidant effects, but there was no
clinical trials that studied the effect of allopurinol on atrial fibrillation incidence.
The aim of this study to assess allopurinol effect on the atrial fibrillation incidence
after coronary artery bypass surgery.
Methods: A double-blind randomized clinical trial conducted at the National
Cardiovascular Center Harapan Kita in Jakarta from April to May 2015. Elective
on-pump CABG patients were selected by consecutive sampling then divided into
two groups: allopurinol and placebo groups with block randomization. Subjects
given allopurinol 600 mg / placebo single dose since 1 day before surgery until
the 5th day post-surgery. The incidence of atrial fibrillation was observed
postoperatively.
Results: A total of 90 subjects were included in the study, 45 subjects in each
group. Occurrence of atrial fibrillation was significantly lower in the allopurinol
group (12 (26.7%) vs 22 (48.9%) p 0,030).
Conclusion: Perioperative allopurinol reduced the incidence of atrial fibrillation after coronary artery bypass surgery., Background : Atrial fibrillation is the most common arrhythmias after coronary
artery bypass surgery. Increased oxidative stress, inflammation, neurohormonal
activity has a role on the incidence of atrial fibrillation after coronary artery
bypass surgery. Various pharmacological strategies such as antiarrhythmias, antiinflammatory,
and antioxidant have been studied to decrease atrial fibrillation
incident after coronary artery bypass surgery, but the incidence of atrial
fibrillation is still high. Allopurinol has antioxidant effects, but there was no
clinical trials that studied the effect of allopurinol on atrial fibrillation incidence.
The aim of this study to assess allopurinol effect on the atrial fibrillation incidence
after coronary artery bypass surgery.
Methods: A double-blind randomized clinical trial conducted at the National
Cardiovascular Center Harapan Kita in Jakarta from April to May 2015. Elective
on-pump CABG patients were selected by consecutive sampling then divided into
two groups: allopurinol and placebo groups with block randomization. Subjects
given allopurinol 600 mg / placebo single dose since 1 day before surgery until
the 5th day post-surgery. The incidence of atrial fibrillation was observed
postoperatively.
Results: A total of 90 subjects were included in the study, 45 subjects in each
group. Occurrence of atrial fibrillation was significantly lower in the allopurinol
group (12 (26.7%) vs 22 (48.9%) p 0,030).
Conclusion: Perioperative allopurinol reduced the incidence of atrial fibrillation after coronary artery bypass surgery.]"
Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Indonesia, 2015
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