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Abstrak :
ABSTRAK
Stroke tercatat sebagai penyebab kematian kedua tertinggi pada usia 45-54 tahun di wilayah perdesaan Indonesia. Stroke merupakan penyakit gangguan fungsi otak akibat kelainan vaskuler yang bersifat multikausal. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui frekuensi dan determinan kejadian stroke berdasarkan faktor risikonya pada penderita hipertensi berusia ≥ 45 tahun di wilayah perdesaan Indonesia. Penelitian ini merupakan analisis lanjut dari data Riskesdas 2013 yang menggunakan desain studi cross-sectional. Sampel dari penelitian ini adalah penderita hipertensi yang berusia ≥ 45 tahun, dan tinggal di wilayah perdesaan. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan, prevalensi stroke pada penderita hipertensi dewasa di perdesaan adalah sebesar 5,3%. Prevalensi stroke tertinggi ditemukan di provinsi Maluku Utara (7,2%) dan terendah di provinsi Papua (1,7%). Pada variabel yang diteliti, jenis kelamin, stress, aktivitas fisik, konsumsi obat anti-hipertensi, perilaku merokok dan tingkat pendidikan memiliki hubungan bermakna terhadap kejadian stroke pada penderita hipertensi dewasa (≥ 45 tahun) di wilayah perdesaan Indonesia.

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ABSTRACT
Stroke was recorded as the second-highest mortality cause at the age of 45- 54 years in rural areas of Indonesia. Stroke is multicausal brain function disorder due to vascular abnormalities. This study aimed to determine the frequency and determinants of stroke based on risk factors in hypertensive patients aged ≥ 45 years in rural areas of Indonesia. This study is a further analysis of the Riskesdas 2013 data which used cross-sectional study design. The sample of this study is hypertensive patients who aged ≥ 45 years old and lived in rural areas. The results of this study showed that the prevalence of stroke in adult hypertensive patients in rural areas amounted to 5.3%. The highest prevalence of stroke was found in North Maluku province (7.2%) and the lowest in Papua province (1.7%). In the studied variables, gender, stress, physical activity, consumption of anti-hypertensive drugs, smoking and education have relation to the prevalence of stroke in adult hypertensive patients (≥ 45 years) in rural areas of Indonesia.

Abstrak :
Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI) adalah masa transisi antara masa menua normal dan masa demensia, namun tidak didapatkan gangguan kemampuan menjalankan aktivitas sehari-hari. MCI dapat diidentifikasi dengan deteksi dini di fasilitas pelayanan kesehatan. Penelitian ini bertujan untuk mengetahui hubungan Hipertensi dengan kejadian MCI pada lansia di wilayah kerja Puskesmas Kecamatan Cipayung Kota Depok. Penelitian dilakukan dengan desain Cross Sectional menggunakan Instrumen MoCA-Ina tervalidasi. Responden dalam penelitian ini berusia 60 tahun keatas non-demensia dan non-depresi. Analisis data menggunakan stratifikasi dan analisis multivariat menggunakan cox regression. Hasil analisis data diperoleh prevalensi MCI sebesar 46,8% dan lansia dengan hipertensi sebesar 68,9%. Selain itu, hasil multivariat menunjukkan bahwa lansia dengan hipertensi kemungkinan berisiko 1,7 kali (PR= 1,70; 95% CI 1,077-2,699) mengalami kejadian MCI dibandingkan lansia normotensi setelah dikontrol variabel lain. Usaha untuk deteksi dini dengan skrining pada orang hipertensi dapat membantu dalam menjaring kasus MCI pada lansia. ......Mild cognitive impairment (MCI) described as a transition phase between healthy cognitive aging and dementia but that does not interfere with activities of daily life. MCI can be detected early in the health facility. The objective of this study was to identified the association between hypertension in elderly and MCI in Cipayung Health center, Depok City. This is a cross sectional study, utilized the primary data from the early detection using validated Montreal Cognitive test for Indonesia (MoCA-Ina). Participant of this study was non demented and non-depressed elderly people age more than 60 years old. The data analysis was performed with stratification and cox regression multivariate analysis. The results of study showed the prevalence of MCI is 46,8% and Elderly with hypertension is 68,9%. The result of multivariable analysis showed that elderly people with hypertension probably had 1,7 risk to get MCI with PR=1,705 (95% CI 1,077 - 2,699) than elderly with normotension after adjusted with other variable. For the purpose of early detection of dementia, screening should be taken seriously as a possible pre-stage of MCI in elderly.

Abstrak :
Latar Belakang. Cedera kepala merupakan salah satu masalah kesehatan masyarakat yang serius yang dapat menyebabkan kematian, kecacatan fisik dan kecacatan mental. Cedera kepala dapat menyebabkan sel astrosit rusak sehingga mengeluarkan protein S 100B yang dapat dideteksi didalam darah perifer, sehingga dapat dipakai untuk memprediksi tingkat keparahan cedera kepala yang terjadi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mencari hubungan antara kadar protein S 100B dengan tingkat keparahan cedera kepala. Metode. Desain penelitian adalah potong lintang untuk mengetahui kadar protein S 100B pada pasien cedera kepala akut onset kurang dari 24 jam. Subyek penelitian sejumlah 85 pasien yang datang berobat ke Instalasi Gawat Darurat RSCM sejak bulan maret ? juni 2015. Dilakukan penilaian GCS, lamanya tidak sadarkan diri, lamanya amnesia pasca trauma dengan bantuan alat TOAG, pemeriksaan CT Scan dan pemeriksaan serum protein S 100B. Hasil. Didapatkan kadar rerata protein S 100B serum 0,77 μg/L, rerata durasi amnesia 21,22 jam, rerata nilai GCS 13. Terdapat perbedaan kadar protein S 100B pada CKR (rerata 0,4175) dibandingkan dengan pada CKS dan CKB (1,0722) (p=0,020), nilai titik potong kadar protein S 100B pasien yang meninggal 0,765 μg/L (p= 0,002). Simpulan. Kadar rerata protein S 100B pada cedera kepala ringan lebih rendah dibandingkan dengan kadar protein S 100B pada cedera kepala sedang dan berat, semakin tinggi kadar protein S 100B akan semakin tidak baik keluaran pasien cedera kepala. ...... Background. Traumatic brain injury is still a serious community health problem can cause death, physical and mental disability. Protein S 100B release from destructive astrocyte from brain injury and detected in the peripheral blood, so that protein S 100B can serve as predictor of severity traumatic brain injury. This research aimed to find association between protein S 100B with traumatic brain injury severity. Method. This was a cross sectional study focusing to protein S 100B value from acute traumatic brain injury patients with onset < 24 hours. Eighty five patients were recruited from emergency room RSCM. GCS value, duration of post traumatic amnesia with TOAG tools, duration loss of consciousness, brain CT scan and concentration serum protein S 100B were record. Results. The mean concentration serum Protein S 100B were 0.77, mean PTA duration were 21,22 hours, and the mean GCS were 13. There is a significant differentiation value of concentration protein S 100B from mild trumatic brain injury compare moderate and severe traumatic brain injury (p=0,020), cut off point for death patients was 0,765 μg/L. Conclusion. The mean serum Protein S 100 B from mild trumatic brain injury lower than moderate and severe traumatic brain injury higher consentration of protein S 100B have bad outcome.