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"ABSTRAKPenggunaan ligan dalam ekstraksi logam dari mineral laterit jauh lebih murah dibandingkan mengekstrak logam dengan cara pirometalurgi. Penggunaan bahan kimia termasuk metode mengekstrak logam secara hidrometalurgi. Pada penelitian ini metode untuk melarutkan logam dari mineralnya adalah heap leaching dengan target logamnya adalah nikel. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan tiga tahap yaitu melarutkan logam dari mineral, metode job untuk mengetahui bilangan kordinasi dari logam dengan salisilaldoksim, dan pengaruh pektin dalam mengekstraksi logam nikel dari pengotor logam lain. Karakterisasi kadar Ni menggunakan instrumen AAS, mengetahui bilangan kordinasinya menggunakan instrumen Uv-vis, mengetahui kadar dalam laterit sebelum dan sesudah heap leaching menggunakan XRD. FTIR untuk mengetahui gugus pada salisilaldoksim serta untuk menegetahui atom yang mengikat logam Ni. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui mengetahui karakteristik mineral laterit sebelum dan sesudah treatment, logam nikel dapat dipisahkan dari mineral laterit, mengetahui Konsentrasi optimum asam untuk memisahkan logam nikel dari mineral laterit, mengetahui konsentrasi optimum ligan dalam memisahkan logam nikel, dan konsntrasi optimum dari pektin dalam mengekstrak logam Ni. Variasi konsentrasi asam dalam melarutkan logam dari mineral adalah 1M, 2M, 3M, 4M, 5M. Dimana dari hasil karakterisasi dengan AAS didapatkan konsentrasi Ni maksimum adalah pada saat penggunaan HCl 5M. Untuk metode job dilakukan dengan mengkomplekskan variasi jumlah mol logam standar dengan ligan, dimana didapatkan bilangan kordinasinya adalah 1:2. Kemudian dilakukan ekstraksi 30 mL sampel yang di netralkan dengan 61 mL NH4OH dengan salisilaldoksim sesuai perbandingan yang didapat dari metode job serta penambahan 0 ppm, 500 ppm, 1000 ppm, 1500 ppm, 2000, ppm. Dimana konsentrasi maksimum pektin adalah 500 ppm.

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ABSTRACTUse of ligan in metal extraction from laterite mineral is cheaper than extracting metal by pyrometallurgy. Using chemicals count as extracting metal by hydrometallurgy. This research use the method of metal solving from its mineral with heap leaching, with nickel as its target. This research is done in three steps, which is solving the metal from the mineral, job method to know a coordination number from metal complex with salicylaldoxime, and to know an effect of pectin addition in nickel extraction from other metals. Characterization of nickel content is with AAS instrumentation, using Uv vis to know a coordination number , using XRD to know nickel content in laterit mineral before and after heap leaching. Using FTIR to know functional group in salicylaldoxime and to know what atom bound to Nickel. The purpose of this research is to know the characteristic of laterite mineral before and after treatment, Nickel can be separated from laterite mineral, to know an optimum concentration of acid to separating nickel from laterite mineral, to know an optimum concentration of pectin in nickel extraction. Variation of acid concentration in solving metal from mineral is 1M, 2M, 3M, 4M, 5M. the optimum nickel concentration when using HCl 5M. For the job method it was done by complexing variation of mol metal standard with ligand and the coordination number is two where the metal comparison with ligan is 1 2. Then neutralized 30 mL sample with 61 mL NH4OH 4M and then separating precipited. Then extracting the solution with ligand in toluene corresponding to job method, and then addition of 0 ppm, 500 ppm, 1000 ppm, 1500 ppm, 2000 ppm pectin."

"Laterit mengandung klorit, piroksen, talc, kuarsa, olivin dan amfibol. Laterit memiliki kadar Ni2 . Dalam penelitian ini dilakukan ekstraksi ion Ni2 dari laterit menggunakan heap leaching asam sulfat. Setelah dilakukan heap leaching 25 gram laterit menggunakan 500 mL variasi asam sulfat, didapatkan konsentrasi asam sulfat optimum Hasil heap leaching berwarna hijau kekuningan karena adanya [Fe H2O 6]3 dan [Ni H2O 6]2 . Kadar Fe3 dipisahkan dengan penambahan asam fitat. Kemudian dilakukan ekstraksi cair-cair dengan penambahan salisilaldoksim.

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Laterite containing chlorite, pyroxene, talc, quartz, olivine and amphibole. Laterite content Ni2 . In this research, Ni2 extraction of laterite heap leaching using sulfuric acid. After 25 grams of laterite heap leaching using variation of 500 mL sulfuric acid, obtained optimum sulfuric acid concentration. Results heap leaching has yellowish green color because solution contain Fe H2O 6 3 and Ni H2O 6 2 . Number of Fe3 separated by addition of phytic acid. Then did liquid liquid extraction by salicylaldoxime addition."

"[ABSTRAKProduksi cat menghasilkan limbah Bahan Berbahaya dan Beracun. Jumlah limbah pabrik cat, sebagian besar berasal dari air pencucian peralatan pabrik. Saat ini PT. XYZ, s ebuah i ndustri c at, belum m enggunakan ke mbali a ir l imbahnya unt uk mencuci pe ralatan pabriknya, b elum m engetahui bi aya pe nggunaan a ir ol ahan untuk pr oses p encucian alat dan belum m engetahui peranan karyawannya unt uk menurunkan jumlah limbahnya. Penelitian dilakukan untuk menentukan konsentrasi optimal bakterisida dengan parameter jumlah bakteri, pH, kekeruhan dan T SS di air olahan (air limba h ditambah ba kterisida), menentukan bi aya penggunaan air ol ahan, dan menganalisis persepsi karyawan tentang pe ranan mereka unt uk menurunkan jumlah limbahnya. Penentuan konsentrasi optimal bakterisida dilakukan pada 4 sampel selama 9 hari, penentuan biaya penggunaan air ol ahan telah di hitung danuntuk menganalisis persepsi p eranan karyawandilakukan s urvei terhadap 93 responden. Penelitian ini m enghasilkan 3kesimpulan. Kesimpulan pertama adalah konsentrasi optimal bakterisida terdapatpada sampel air olahan yang mengandung Acticide MBS 0,4%. Kesimpulan keduaadalah biaya penggunaan air olahan belum menguntungkan secara ekonomi padasaat ini. Kesimpulan ke 3 adalah nilai persepsi karyawan tentang peranan merekauntuk menurunkan jumlah limbah adalah 4,93 dari 6 skala.

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ABSTRACTPaint production generates hazardous and toxic waste. The amount of paint waste, mostly came from t he wash water from plant e quipments. Currently, P T. X YZ, the paint industry, has not reused the waste water for cleaning plant equipments, not known the cost of using treated water for cleaning plant equipments and not known the role of their employees to reduce the amount of waste. This study was conducted to determine the optimum concentration of bactericide with parameter such as number of bacteria, pH, turbidity, and TSS (Total Suspended Solid) in the treated water (waste water added bactericide) for reuse in the cleaning process of plant equipment, to analyze the cost of using treated water, and to analyze the role of em ployees in reducing the a mount of waste. The d etermination of optimum concentration of ba ctericide done on 4 s amples f or 9 da ys, the c ost of us ing treated water has been calculated, and the role of employees had been analized via survey with 93 respondents. There are 3 conclutions of this research. The first is the optimum concentration was found in the sample of t reated water containing 0.4% A cticide MBS. The second is the cost of using treated water is not economical provitable at this time. The third is the value of the role of respondents to reduce the amount of waste is 4.93 in six scales.;Paint production generates hazardous and toxic waste. The amount of paint waste, mostly came from t he wash water from plant e quipments. Currently, P T. X YZ, the paint industry, has not reused the waste water for cleaning plant equipments, not known the cost of using treated water for cleaning plant equipments and not known the role of their employees to reduce the amount of waste. This study was conducted to determine the optimum concentration of bactericide with parameter such as number of bacteria, pH, turbidity, and TSS (Total Suspended Solid) in the treated water (waste water added bactericide) for reuse in the cleaning process of plant equipment, to analyze the cost of using treated water, and to analyze the role of em ployees in reducing the a mount of waste. The d etermination of optimum concentration of ba ctericide done on 4 s amples f or 9 da ys, the c ost of us ing treated water has been calculated, and the role of employees had been analized via survey with 93 respondents. There are 3 conclutions of this research. The first is the optimum concentration was found in the sample of t reated water containing 0.4% A cticide MBS. The second is the cost of using treated water is not economical provitable at this time. The third is the value of the role of respondents to reduce the amount of waste is 4.93 in six scales., Paint production generates hazardous and toxic waste. The amount of paint waste, mostly came from t he wash water from plant e quipments. Currently, P T. X YZ, the paint industry, has not reused the waste water for cleaning plant equipments, not known the cost of using treated water for cleaning plant equipments and not known the role of their employees to reduce the amount of waste. This study was conducted to determine the optimum concentration of bactericide with parameter such as number of bacteria, pH, turbidity, and TSS (Total Suspended Solid) in the treated water (waste water added bactericide) for reuse in the cleaning process of plant equipment, to analyze the cost of using treated water, and to analyze the role of em ployees in reducing the a mount of waste. The d etermination of optimum concentration of ba ctericide done on 4 s amples f or 9 da ys, the c ost of us ing treated water has been calculated, and the role of employees had been analized via survey with 93 respondents. There are 3 conclutions of this research. The first is the optimum concentration was found in the sample of t reated water containing 0.4% A cticide MBS. The second is the cost of using treated water is not economical provitable at this time. The third is the value of the role of respondents to reduce the amount of waste is 4.93 in six scales.]"