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"Komposit polimer dengan menggunakan material nano telah mengalami perkembangan yang cukup pesat beberapa dekade belakangan ini. Multiwalled carbon nanotube (MWCNT) dan organoclay merupakan beberapa material yang banyak diteliti pada pembuatan komposit polimer. Penelitian ini menggunakan teknik melt mixing pada suhu 180oC untuk proses pembuatan komposit PP/MWCNT. Karakterisasi komposit meliputi sifat elektrik, rheologi, kekuatan mekanik dan analisa morfologi. Hasil analisa komposit PP/MWCNT diperoleh nilai electrical dan rheological percolation threshold sebesar 1,4 wt%. Kekuatan tarik komposit PP/MWCNT mengalami penurunan sebesar 2-7%, sedangkan modulus tarik meningkat sebesar 44-53% dibandingkan polypropylene (PP). Penambahan organoclay pada komposit PP/MWCNT tidak memberikan perubahan yang signifikan terhadap sifat elektrik dan rheologinya. Kekuatan tarik komposit PP/MWCNT/organoclay mengalami penurunan sebesar 6-11%, sedangkan modulus tarik meningkat sebesar 47-61% dibandingkan PP.

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Polymer composite using nano material has been progressing quite rapidly in recent decades. Multiwalled carbon nanotube (MWCNT) and organoclay is the material that used in fabrication the polymer composites. This study used a technique of mixing melt at a temperature of 180oC for composite manufacturing process PP / MWCNT. Characterization of composites include electrical properties, rheological, mechanical strength and morphological analysis.

Analysis results of composite PP/MWCNT obtained value of electrical and rheological percolation threshold of 1.4 wt%. The tensile strength of composites PP/MWCNT decreased by 2-7%, while the tensile modulus increased by 44-53% compared to polypropylene (PP). The addition of the organoclay in the PP/MWCNT composite did not leave significant changes to the electrical and rheology properties. The tensile strength of composites PP/MWCNT/organoclay decreased by 6-11%, while the tensile modulus increased by 47-61% compared to PP."

"Telah dilakukan penelitian mengenai pengaruh 4,4'-Diaminostilben-2,2'-Asam Disulfonat (DSD) terhadap peristiwa penguningan tert-polimer emulsi (vinil asetat-ko-butil akrilat-ko-asam akrilat). Proses pembuatan tert-polimer emulsi dilakukan melalui polimerisasi radikal bebas secara kontinyu dengan menggunakan vinil asetat (75% berat total monomer) dan butil akrilat (25% berat total monomer) sebagai monomer utama, amonium persulfat sebagai inisiator natrium bikarbonat sebagai penyangga, perlankrol RN 75 sebagai surfaktan dan air demin sebagai pelarut. Proses polimerisasi dilakukan pada temperatur 70 °C selama 6 jam dengan proses post-polimerisasi pada temperatur 80°C selama 15 jam. Tahap pertama penelitian adalah menentukan jumlah asam akrilat yang optimum dan tahap kedua adaIah mempelajari pengaruh DSD terhadap derajat kekuningan, ukuran partikel, berat molekul, temperatur transisi gelas, stabilitas emulsi dan degradasi termal dari tert-polimer emulsi (vinil asetaf-ko-butil akrilat-ko-asam akrilat).Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa persentase optimum asam akrilat adalah 0,5% dari total berat monomer, DSD harus ditambahkan pada akhir proses polimerisasi untuk mencegah, destabilisasi partikal polimer, penambahan DSD menyebabkan semakin besarnya ukuran partikel akibat dari proses swelling, menurunkan temperatur transisi gelas, meningkatkan berat molekul dan stabilitas termal serta menurunkan derajat kekuningan (yellowness index) dari tert-polimer emulsi. Analisa dengan menggunakan FTIR dan UV/VIS spektroskopis menunjukkan bahwa DSD tidak terikat secara kovalen pada rantai polimer walaupun demikian tert-polimer emulsi dengan DSD membentuk emulsi yang stabil.

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It has been conducted a research to investigate the effect of 4,4'-Diaminostilbene-2,2'-Disulfonic Acid (DSD) that is a fluorescent whitening agent to the yellowing discoloration of tert-polymer emulsion (vinyl acetate-co-butyl acrylate-co-acrylic acid). Tert-polymer emulsion is synthesized through free radical continuous emulsion polymerization by using vinyl acetate (75% w/w total monomer) and butyl acrylate (25% w/W total monomer) as main monomers, ammonium persulfate as an initiaton sodium bicarbonate as a buffer, penlankrol RN 75 as a surfactant and delonized water as a solvent. Polymerization ran at temperature 70 ºC for 6 hours and then continued to post-polymerization at 80 ºC for 15 hours. Firstly we studied the optimum concentration of acrylic acid that has to be added to the copolymer and afterwards we investigated the effect of DSD to the particle size, molecular weight, glass transition temperature, yellowness index, emulsion stability and thermal degradation of tert-polymer emulsion (vinyl acetate-co-butyl acrylate-co-acrylic acid).

From the research resulted, the optimum concentration of acrylic acid is 0, 5% of the weight total of monomen DSD has to be added at the end of polymerization to avoid destabilization of polymer particles as well as inhibition. By increasing the concentration of DSD, the paiticle size distribution of tert-polymer emulsion will be more coarse caused by swelling process, glass transition temperature of polymer will be decreased, molecular weight and thermal stability will be increased and the yellowness index is decreased. By means of FT-lR and UV/VlS spectroscopies it was found that the DSD is not covalently bond to the polymer chain, however the tert-polimer emulsion with a presence of DSD formed a stable emulsion."