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"Mengelahui efek pemberian suplementasi vitamin C dan E terhadap kadarmalondialdehida plasma pada perokok kretek filter selama empat minggu di Jakarta.Penelitian ini merupakan uji klinis paralel, acalg tersamar tunggal antara kelompokyang inendapat suplementasi vitamin C dan E (P) dengan kelompok yang mendapatplasebo (K). Sebanyak 40 orang perokok kretek filterr di rumah makan, Jakarta Utaramemenuhi ln-iteria dan diikutkan dalam penelitian Dilakukan randomisasi blolc untukmenentukan kclompok perlakuan dan kontrol. Kelompok perlakuan mendapatkansuplementasi vitamin C 500 mg dan E 400 IU/hari selama empat minggu, dankclompok kontrol mendapat plasebo. Data yang dikumpulkan meliputi data demograti(usia, konsumsi rokok, indeks Brinkman, tekanan dan lg kadar glukosa darah puasa,kadar kolesterol tétal), IMT, analisis asupan zat gizi, kadar malondialdehida plasma.Analisis data menggunakan uji t tidak berpasangan atau uji Mann Whimsy denganbatas kemaknaan p <0,05.Karakteristik demografi subyek pada awal penelitian meliputi usia, konsumsi rokok,indeks Brinkman, tel-canan damh, Radar glukosa darah puasa, kadar kolesterol total,IMT , analisis asupan zat gizi, kadar malondialdchida plasma antara kelompokperlakuan dan kontrol homogen. Rerata kadar MDA plasma awal pada kelompokperlakuan dan pada kelompok kontrol 1,39i0,19 vs 1,34=b=0,09 nmol/mL. Pada akhirperlakuan, rerata kadar MDA plasma sabesar 1,18=l=0,22 pada kelompok perlakuan dan1,3 1=k0,13 nmol/mL kelompok kontrol, berbeda bermakna (p <0,03‘7).Setelah suplementasi vitamin C 500 mg dan E 400 IU/hari selama empat minggutcrdapat perbedaan bermakna renta kadar MDA plasma antara kedua kelompok.

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AbstractTo investigate the effects of vitamin C and E supplementation on plasmamalondialdehycle in clove cigarettes smokers during four weeks in JakartaThis is a parallel randomized single-blind clinical study between interventionalgroup with vitamin C and E supplementation (P) and control group with hasplacebo (K). Forty clove cigarettes smokers in Rmtaurant, Jakarta had fulfilledthe criteria and recruited in the research. Subjects were allocated by blockrandomization into intervention and control group. Intervention group treatedwith vitamin C 500 mg and vitamin E 400 IU daily for 4 weeks, while controlgroup treated with placebo. Data collection includes demographic characteristic(age, smoking habits, Brinkman index, blood pressure, blood glucose, totalcholesterol), body mass index (BMI), daily nutrient analysis, plasma MDA.Statistical analysis using unpairod t-test or Mann Whitney test with significantlevel at p < 0,05.Demographic characteristic (age, smoking habits, Brinlcman index, bloodpressure, blood glucose, total cholesterol), body mass index (BMI), dailynutrient analysis, plasma MDA between both groups were homogen. Initialplasma MDA in the intervention group. and control were l,39=|=0,l9 vsl,34=l=0,09 nmol/tnL. After intervention plasma MDA were l,l8=k0,22 in theintervention group and 1,3l£),13 nmol/mL in control group (p <0,03'7).After supplementation of vitamin C 500 mg/day and vitamin E 400 IU/dayduring 4 weeks, showed significantly differences average of plasma MDAbetween two groups."

"Homegarden Ecology : The Structure, Pattern of Homegarden and Correlation Between Economic - Social Factors of People Community Around Lembah Harau Nature Reserve West Sumatra and Plant Diversity. A research has been done on the structure and pattern of homegarden and correlation between economic - social factors of people community and plant diversity. The research was conducted in two villages around the Lembah Harau Nature Reserve (LHNR), Harau subdistrict, the regencies of Lima Puluh Kota, West Sumatra. The villages are Desa Harau, located in the north side of LHNR, and Desa Tarantang Lubuk Limpato, located in south side and the west side of LHNR. The data were collected from October 2000 up to January 2001. The research was non experimental with a Stratified Random Sampling Method. Data of plant density, frequency, and dominance were used to calculate Important value index, Shannon diversity index (H), Jaccard similarity index (ISJ), and Shannon equitability index (E). The community economic - social factors data, as independent variables, and the plant diversity, as a dependent variable, were analyzed using the multiple regression analysis to produce the regression equality model. This research found 270 species of plants from 76 family. The plants were grouped into 11 categories. There were 33 species of fruit plants, 23 species of industrial plants, 29 species of vegetable plants, 60 species of traditionally medicinal plants, 3 species of food plants, 21 species of flavor plants, 62 species of ornamental plants, 5 species of plants for spiritual events, 8 species of traditional cosmetic plants, 55 species of weeds, and the remaining 47 species grouped into miscellaneous plants. The patterns of homegarden usage were different in two villages. In Desa Tarantang Lubuk Limpato the tree level was dominated by industrial plants and the belta level was dominated by fruit plants. On the other hand, in Desa Harau the tree level was dominated by fruit plants and the belta level was dominated by industrial plants. Artocarpus dadah, Artocarpus elasticus, Ficus ampelas, Ficus annulata, Ficus auranticea, Ficus benjamina, Ficus glandulifera, Ficus parietalis, Ficus caulocarpa, and Ficus aurata from Moraceae family were grown and spread surround the homegarden and their bennefit are still unknown by the local society. The pattern of plant stratification showed the stratification pattern was similar to a forest. Based on the formation of canopy coat, there were five strata, i.e. stratum A (>20m), stratum B (15-20m), stratum C (10-15m), stratum D (5-10m), dan stratum E (0-5m). The diversity of plant species at homegarden for tree level were strongly correlated with size of homegarden and income of respondent (R2=0,601)_ At belta level, besides of size of homegarden and income of respondent, long period of resident also had a strong correlation (R2=0,721) with the diversity of plant. At seedling level and ground cover there were weak correlations of the plant diversity with size of house (R2=0,073). Plant species which dominated homegarden was probably caused by the change of homegarden function. Increase of economic condition of people may cause decreasing in plant diversity at homegarden, especially indiginous plant species."

"ABSTRACTThis thesis divided into two kind of analysis which it a result of the Etnobotanical study at Rejang-Lebong Bengkulu Province. The Rejang?s traditional knowledge of medicinal plant. There are 275 species of plant are known and used as medicinal plant to cure 18 various of diseases. It 's about 70% plant are an edible and weeds. The knowledge of biodiversity of plants and it usefulness passed on from the old generation to the next. The history describes that colonialism opened the Rejang's by assimilation and acculturation of culture. The system of traditional knowledge construction based on interpretation of the experience, ideas and concept of beliefes. The study found some species are endangered. Ex-situ conservation such as documentation as one of prime strategy for conserving traditional knowledge is the basic information to alternative medicine for the future. "