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"Kemiskinan merupakan masalah yang kompleks di Indonesia. Perbedaan angka antara kemiskinan desa dan kemiskinan kota juga semakin jauh. Maka itu seluruh pihak mempunyai tanggung jawab untuk mengentaskan kemiskinan tersebut, termasuk Pemerintah Daerah. Pemerintah Daerah sebagai representasi negara dapat menggandeng pihak swasta ataupun BUMN dalam mengentaskan angka kemiskinan. Dalam hal ini, akan dibahas peran BUMN minyak dan gas bumi yaitu PT Pertamina, sebagai salah satu BUMN terbesar di Indonesia. PT Pertamina beroperasi hampir di seluruh provinsi di Indonesia. Salah Satunya adalah Provinsi Sumatera Selatan. Perbedaan angka kemiskinan desa dan kota di Provinsi Sumatera Selatan juga tinggi. Sehingga, PT Pertamina sebagai BUMN mendapat rekomendasi dari Kementerian BUMN, yaitu ?Gerakan Membangun 1000 Desa? sebagai wujud aksi untuk menanggulangi kemiskinan. Sehingga PT Pertamina membuat Program bernama Mitra Pertamina Penggerak Pembangunan Desa (MP3D). Program ini berangkat dari pemulihan aspek kesehatan, aspek pendidikan, dan aspek ekonomi rakyat. Atas rekomendasi Pemerinta Daerah, lokasi fokus kegiatan dilaksanakan di Desa Cinta Manis Lama. Di Desa ini, terdapat permasalahan air bersih, permasalahan pendidikan PAUD, dan masalah perekonomian terhadap kelompok pengrajin. Maka dari itu, penelitian akan difokuskan kepada evaluasi tingkat keberhasilan program pada setiap kegiatan di dalam program MP3D. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa setiap kegiatan yang dilaksanakan di dalam Program MP3D menunjukkan peningkatan terhadap masing-masing indikator yang diteliti. Walaupun peningkatan tersebut masih memerlukan usaha yang lebih maksimal untuk mewujudkan pengentasan kemiskinan.

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Poverty is a complex issue in Indonesia. Rate difference between rural poverty and urban poverty is also increasingly distant. So that all parties have a responsibility to alleviate poverty, including Local Government. Local Government as a representation of the state can hold private parties or state enterprises in alleviating poverty. In this case, we discuss the role of state-owned enterprises, namely oil and gas company PT Pertamina, as one of the largest state-owned companies in Indonesia. PT Pertamina operates in almost all provinces in Indonesia. One is the only province of South Sumatra. Differences poverty villages and towns in the province of South Sumatra is also high. Thus, PT Pertamina as SOE got a recommendation from the Ministry of Enterprise, namely "Building Movement 1000 Village" as a form of action to reduce poverty. So that PT Pertamina Pertamina making program called Partners Pertamina Driving Rural Development Program (MP3D). The program departs from the recovery aspects of health, educational aspects, and aspects of the economy. Upon the recommendation of Regional Goverment, the location of the focus of the activities carried out in the village of Cinta Manis Lama. In this village, there is a water problem, the problem of early childhood education, and economic problems of the artisans group. The results showed that each of the activities carried out in the MP3D program showed improvement on each of the indicators studied. Although the increase was still require more effort to reduce poverty for maximum result."

"Tesis bertujuan mengevaluasi partisipasi masyarakat dalam pelaksanaan program penanggulangan kemiskinan P2KP-PNPM di Kelurahan Leuwinanggung, Cimanggis selama kurun waktu 2003-2007. Metode evaluasi yang digunakan adalah evaluasi kualitatif menggunakan Balanced Scorecard (BSC), yaitu perangkat evaluasi yang menerjemahkan visi dan misi menjadi sasaran strategis yang akan diukur berdasarkan capaian hasil. Hasil evaluasi partisipasi masyarakat yang didapatkan adalah bahwa tingkat partisipasi masyarakat Leuwinanggung secara umum dalam pelaksanaan program sudah cukup baik, namun masih perlu ditingkatkan, terutama terkait dengan partisipasi warga miskin dalam berbagai tahapan program. Berdasarkan temuan tersebut maka dibuat rekomendasi rencana aksi untuk meningkatkan partisipasi warga miskin dalam program.

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Thesis aims to evaluate public participation in the implementation of poverty reduction programs in PNPM-P2KP Kelurahan Leuwinanggung, Cimanggis during the period 2003-2007. Evaluation method used was the qualitative evaluation using the Balanced Scorecard (BSC), which is an evaluation device to translate the vision and mission into strategic goals that will be measured based on the results of targets achievements. The evaluation found that community participation level on program implementation at Leuwinanggung is satisfying, but still needs to be improved, especially related to the participation of the poor in the various phases of the program. Based on the findings, action plan' recommendations are made to improve poor people's participation in the program."

"Pada tahun 2007, pemerintah meluncurkan suatu program yang bernama PKH. Peserta PKH adalah Rumah Tangga Sangat Miskin (RTSM) yang memiliki wanita hamil dan atau anak-anak yang berusia 0-15 tahun di dalamnya. PKH mengharuskan mereka untuk mengakses pendidikan dan layanan kesehatan sebagai balas jasa bantuan tunai. PKH bertujuan memutus mata rantai kemiskinan dan meningkatkan kualitas Sumber Daya Manusia (SDM) pada RTSM, dan secara khusus untuk meningkatkan kondisi sosial ekonomi RTSM, meningkatkan status kesehatan dan gizi ibu hamil dan anak di bawah enam tahun dari RTSM serta meningkatkan partisipasi anak umur 7 sampai 15 tahun untuk kembali bersekolah. Ibu rumah tangga atau wanita dewasa yang memperoleh bantuan karena mereka yang mengurus anak pada rumah tangga bersangkutan, dan bukan kepala keluarga. Penelitian dilakukan untuk menganalisis pelaksanaan PKH di Kelurahan Warakas, Kecamatan Tanjung Priok, Jakarta Utara. Analisis yang digunakan adalah analisis kualitatif dengan mengumpulkan informasi melalui wawancara mendalam kepada guru,bidan, pendamping dan salah satu peserta PKH serta adanya kelompok fokus diskusi yang dilakukan dengan peserta PKH di Kelurahan Warakas dan didampingi oleh pendamping PKH. Hasil analisis yang didapat adalah bahwa dalam pelaksanaan PKH di Kelurahan Warakas ada beberapa permasalahan yang ditemukan seperti dalam sosialisasi, pencairan dana, dan budaya masyarakat Kelurahan Warakas yang membuat beberapa RTSM tidak lagi menjadi peserta PKH.

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In 2007, the government launched a program called PKH. Participants PKH is very poor households that have pregnant women and children aged 0-15 years in it. PKH requires them to access education and health services as money transfer services rendered. PKH aims to break the chains of poverty and improve the quality of human resources (HR) on RTSM, and specifically to improve the socioeconomic conditions RTSM, improving maternal health and nutritional status of pregnant / post partum women and children under six years of RTSM and increase the participation of children aged 7 up to 15 years to return to school. Homemaker or adult women who get help because they are raising children in the household concerned, and not the head of the family.

The study was conducted to analyze the implementation of PKH in Warakas Sub District, Tanjung Priok District, North Jakarta. The analysis method is qualitative analysis by collecting information through in-depth interviews to teachers, midwives, companion and one of the participants PKH and the existence of the focus group discussions held with participants in Sub District Warakas PKH and PKH accompanied by a companion.

The analysis result obtained is that in the implementation of PKH in The Village Warakas found there are some problems such as in the socialization process, disbursement of funds, and village culture that makes some RTSM Warakas no longer be a participant PKH."

"Program Pemberdayaan Masyarakat Kelurahan PPMK merupakan program penanggulangan kemiskinan yang diusung oleh Pemerintah Daerah Provinsi DKI Jakarta dan telah berjalan sejak tahun 2002 PPMK membuka ruang bagi keterlibatan dan partisipasi aktif masyarakat serta menciptakan masyarakat yang mandiri dengan cara menggali dan memaksimalkan setiap potensi yang ada dalam masyarakat Dengan memadukan metode penelitian kuantitatif dan kualitatif penelitian ini mengkaji hasil dari PPMK mengidentifikasi permasalahan yang ada serta menyusun strategi terbaik untuk meningkatkan efektifitas PPMK dalam rangka penanggulangan kemiskinan di Tanjung Duren Utara Hasil analisa secara makro menunjukkan terdapat pola hubungan yang beragam antara anggaran PPMK tahun 2008 2010 dan jumlah penduduk miskin di Provinsi DKI Jakarta pada tahun 2011 Analisis kuadran menunjukkan pelaksanaan PPMK di Tanjung Duren Utara termasuk dalam kategori inefisien Hal ini menunjukkan PPMK dapat lebih efisien bila dilakukan perencanaan kegiatan dan pengelolaan anggaran yang lebih baik Analisa secara mikro mengkaji secara menyeluruh pelaksanaan PPMK dari sudut pandang masyarakat Dari persepsi responden diketahui bahwa PPMK belum dapat melibatkan seluruh komponen masyarakat untuk berpartisipasi aktif dan kurang dapat untuk memaksimalkan potensi yang ada dalam masyarakat di Kelurahan Tanjung Duren Utara Dengan menggunakan analisa SWOT peneliti bersama dengan masyarakat mengidentifikasi kekuatan peluang dan permasalahan yang ada dalam masyarakat serta pelaksanaan PPMK Dari analisa SWOT ini dapat disusun strategi pelaksanaan PPMK yang lebih baik dalam kerangka waktu pelaksanaan dan diharapkan dapat meningkatkan efektifitas PPMK dalam menekan jumlah penduduk miskin di Tanjung Duren Utara Program Pemberdayaan Masyarakat Kelurahan PPMK is a poverty alleviation program carried by the Provincial Government of DKI Jakarta since 2002 It encourages active participation of the community to take the important role on planning and executing the program This study examines the outcomes of PPMK identifies the problems of PPMK and finds out the best strategy to increase the effectiveness of PPMK on alleviating poverty in Tanjung Duren Utara by utilizing both quantitative and qualitative analysis Macro quantitative analysis shows that there are diverse patterns of correlations between the PPMK budget during 2008 2010 and the poverty reduction in DKI Jakarta Moreover the quadrant analysis shows that the implementation of PPMK in Tanjung Duren Utara can be categorized as inefficient If the community can be more efficient in planning and allocating the PPMK budget there should be less number of poor people in this village Micro qualitative analysis shows comprehensive perspectives of PPMK implementation at community level Respondents rsquo perceptions note that the inefficiency perchance caused by PPMK fails that it can not involve all community members to participate actively and are less able to maximize their strengths in the community The writer and the community identified the strengths opportunities and problems that exist in the society and in the implementation of PPMK by using the SWOT analysis It helps to construct better PPMK action plan strategy which is completed in a timeframe and expected to increase the effectiveness of PPMK on alleviating poverty in Tanjung Duren Utara "

"[ABSTRAKUndang Undang Dasar 1945 sebagai peraturan tertinggi di Indonesia telah mengatur bahwa hak atas pendidikan merupakan salah satu hak asasi manusia yang harus dipenuhi Secara rinci jaminan pemenuhan hak warga negara akan pendidikan tertuang dalam Pasal 31 ayat 1 UUD 1945 yang menyebutkan bahwa Setiap warga negara berhak mendapat pendidikan Permasalahan krusial dalam bidang pendidikan di Indonesia adalah hak atas akses pendidikan yang tidak sepenuhnya diterima oleh masyarakat terutama masyarakat miskin Salah satu upaya pemerintah mengatasi masalah tersebut yakni pembentukan Pendidikan Non Formal PNF Upaya tersebut memberikan peluang kepada masyarakat maupun pihak swasta non pemerintah untuk menyelenggarakan pendidikan sendiri secara bertanggungjawab yang diatur selanjutnya dalam Undang Undang tentang Sistem Pendidikan Nasional Keterlibatan masyarakat dalam mengatasi masalah pendidikan tersebut diharapkan agar kebutuhan akan pendidikan oleh masyarakat benar benar tepat sasaran dan menjadi tolok ukur atas kebutuhan masyarakat akan pendidikan itu sendiri Namun sayangnya tujuan baik tersebut justru membawa masalah baru terutama masalah prosedur dan tujuan penyelenggaran kegiatan PNF itu sendiri Ketimpangan prosedur seperti kegiatan tanpa izin pemerintah dan berada dalam ruang publik yang tidak tepat merupakan salah satu bentuk penyimpangan yang terjadi di lapangan Oleh karena itu penelusuran motif penyelenggaraan PNF yang menyimpang oleh masyarakat tersebut adalah langkah utama dalam menganalisis akar masalah sebenarnya Sehingga mendapatkan suatu kesimpulan dan menjadi upaya perbaikan bersama bagi pemerintah dan masyarakat Dari hasil penelitian PNF yang dilakukan oleh kelompok masyarakat yakni komuniti peduli pendidikan di Kolong Tol Jembatan Tiga Penjaringan Jakarta Utara ditemukan bahwa ketimpangan tidak hanya dari segi prosedur penyelenggaran PNF tetapi juga ketidaksesuaian model dan konsep pendidikan serta jaringan komuniti perspektif community based development sebagai landasan teori dari penerapan kegiatan pengembangan masyarakat dalam bidang pendidikan Kemudian dari penelitian kegiatan PNF dalam ruang publik oleh komuniti tersebut diperoleh suatu kesimpulan bahwa motif penguasaan ruang publik adalah sebagai tameng ldquo penyelamatan diri rdquo dari berbagai permasalahan ketimpangan yang telah ditemukan di atas Motif demikian jika mengacu pemikiran oleh Erving Goffman merupakan bagian dari strategic interaction dalam konsep intelligence organization.

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ABSTRACTAct 1945 as the highest rule in Indonesia has arranged that the right to education is one of the human rights that must be met In detail guarantee the fulfillment of the rights of citizens for education set out in Article 31 paragraph 1 of the 1945 Constitution which states that Every citizen has the right to education Crucial issues in the field of education in Indonesia is a right of access to education that is not fully accepted by society especially the poor society One of the government 39 s efforts to overcome the problem namely the establishment of the Non Formal Education PNF Such efforts provide an opportunity to the public and the private sector non government for education alone are responsible for further stipulated in the Law on National Education System Community involvement in addressing the issue of education is expected so that the need for public education by actually right on target and the benchmark on the education needs of the community itself Unfortunately the good cause it brings new problems mainly a matter of procedure and the delivery destination PNF activity itself Inequality procedures such activities without government permission and are in a public space that is not right is one form of irregularities that occurred in the field Therefore search patterns motive the PNF organized by the community is a major step in analyzing the root of the real problem So get a conclusion and become joint improvement efforts for government and society From the results of research conducted the PNF organized by the community in Kolong Toll Jembatan Tiga Penjaringan North Jakarta found that inequality not only in terms of the delivery procedures PNF but also discrepancy model and the concept of education as well as networking community perspective community based development as the basis for community theory of the application of community based education activities in the field Then from the research activities of the PNF in the public space by the community in conclusion that motive is the mastery of public space as a shield escape from problems of inequality that have been found above Thus motive when referring to the thought by Erving Goffman is part of the strategic interaction in the concept of intelligence organization Key Words inequality non formal education community based development strategic interation intelligence organization , ABSTRACTAct 1945 as the highest rule in Indonesia has arranged that the right to education is one of the human rights that must be met In detail guarantee the fulfillment of the rights of citizens for education set out in Article 31 paragraph 1 of the 1945 Constitution which states that Every citizen has the right to education Crucial issues in the field of education in Indonesia is a right of access to education that is not fully accepted by society especially the poor society One of the government 39 s efforts to overcome the problem namely the establishment of the Non Formal Education PNF Such efforts provide an opportunity to the public and the private sector non government for education alone are responsible for further stipulated in the Law on National Education System Community involvement in addressing the issue of education is expected so that the need for public education by actually right on target and the benchmark on the education needs of the community itself Unfortunately the good cause it brings new problems mainly a matter of procedure and the delivery destination PNF activity itself Inequality procedures such activities without government permission and are in a public space that is not right is one form of irregularities that occurred in the field Therefore search patterns motive the PNF organized by the community is a major step in analyzing the root of the real problem So get a conclusion and become joint improvement efforts for government and society From the results of research conducted the PNF organized by the community in Kolong Toll Jembatan Tiga Penjaringan North Jakarta found that inequality not only in terms of the delivery procedures PNF but also discrepancy model and the concept of education as well as networking community perspective community based development as the basis for community theory of the application of community based education activities in the field Then from the research activities of the PNF in the public space by the community in conclusion that motive is the mastery of public space as a shield escape from problems of inequality that have been found above Thus motive when referring to the thought by Erving Goffman is part of the strategic interaction in the concept of intelligence organization Key Words inequality non formal education community based development strategic interation intelligence organization ]"

"[ABSTRAKUndang-Undang Dasar 1945 sebagai peraturan tertinggi di Indonesia telah mengatur bahwa hak atas pendidikan merupakan salah satu hak asasi manusia yang harus dipenuhi. Secara rinci, jaminan pemenuhan hak warga negara akan pendidikan tertuang dalam Pasal 31 ayat (1) UUD 1945 yang menyebutkan bahwa, "Setiap warga negara berhak mendapat pendidikan". Permasalahan krusial dalam bidang pendidikan di Indonesia adalah hak atas akses pendidikan yang tidak sepenuhnya diterima oleh masyarakat, terutama masyarakat miskin. Salah satu upaya pemerintah mengatasi masalah tersebut, yakni pembentukan Pendidikan Non Formal (PNF). Upaya tersebut memberikan peluang kepada masyarakat maupun pihak swasta (non pemerintah) untuk menyelenggarakan pendidikan sendiri, secara bertanggungjawab yang diatur selanjutnya dalam Undang-Undang tentang Sistem Pendidikan Nasional.Keterlibatan masyarakat dalam mengatasi masalah pendidikan tersebut diharapkan, agar kebutuhan akan pendidikan oleh masyarakat benar-benar tepat sasaran dan menjadi tolok ukur atas kebutuhan masyarakat akan pendidikan itu sendiri. Namun sayangnya, tujuan baik tersebut justru membawa masalah baru terutama masalah prosedur dan tujuan penyelenggaran kegiatan PNF itu sendiri. Ketimpangan prosedur seperti kegiatan tanpa izin pemerintah dan berada dalam ruang publik yang tidak tepat merupakan salah satu bentuk penyimpangan yang terjadi di lapangan. Oleh karena itu, penelusuran motif penyelenggaraan PNF yang menyimpang oleh masyarakat tersebut adalah langkah utama dalam menganalisis akar masalah sebenarnya. Sehingga mendapatkan suatu kesimpulan dan menjadi upaya perbaikan bersama bagi pemerintah dan masyarakatDari hasil penelitian PNF yang dilakukan oleh kelompok masyarakat yakni komuniti peduli pendidikan di Kolong Tol Jembatan Tiga Penjaringan, Jakarta Utara, ditemukan bahwa ketimpangan tidak hanya dari segi prosedur penyelenggaran PNF, tetapi juga ketidaksesuaian model dan konsep pendidikan serta jaringan komuniti perspektif community based development sebagai landasan teori dari penerapan kegiatan pengembangan masyarakat dalam bidang pendidikan. Kemudian, dari penelitian kegiatan PNF dalam ruang publik oleh komuniti tersebut, diperoleh suatu kesimpulan, bahwa motif penguasaan ruang publik adalah sebagai tameng ?penyelamatan diri? dari berbagai permasalahan ketimpangan yang telah ditemukan di atas. Motif demikian jika mengacu pemikiran oleh Erving Goffman merupakan bagian dari strategic interaction dalam konsep intelligence organization.

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ABSTRACTAct 1945 as the highest rule in Indonesia has arranged that the right to education is one of the human rights that must be met. In detail, guarantee the fulfillment of the rights of citizens for education set out in Article 31 paragraph (1) of the 1945 Constitution which states that, "Every citizen has the right to education". Crucial issues in the field of education in Indonesia is a right of access to education that is not fully accepted by society, especially the poor. One of the government's efforts to overcome the problem, namely the establishment of the Non-Formal Education (PNF). Such efforts provide an opportunity to the public and the private sector (non-government) for education alone, are responsible for further stipulated in the Law on National Education System.Community involvement in addressing the issue of education is expected, so that the need for public education by actually right on target and the benchmark on the education needs of the community itself. But unfortunately, the good cause it brings new problems mainly a matter of procedure and the delivery destination PNF activity itself. Inequality procedures such activities without government permission and are in a public space that is not right is one form of irregularities that occurred in the field. Therefore, search patterns distorted by the PNF organizing the community is a major step in analyzing the root of the real problem. So get a conclusion and become joint improvement efforts for government and society.From the results of research conducted by the PNF community groups that care community education in Kolong Toll Bridge Three Penjaringan, North Jakarta, found that inequality not only in terms of the delivery procedures PNF, but also discrepancy model and the concept of education as well as networkingcommunity perspective as the basis for community based development theory of the application of community development activities in the field of education. Then, from the research activities of the PNF in the public space by the community, obtained a conclusion, that motive is the control of public space as a shield "escape" from problems of inequality that have been found above. Thus motive when referring to the thought by Erving Goffman is part of the strategic interaction in the concept of intelligence organization, Act 1945 as the highest rule in Indonesia has arranged that the right to education is one of the human rights that must be met. In detail, guarantee the fulfillment of the rights of citizens for education set out in Article 31 paragraph (1) of the 1945 Constitution which states that, "Every citizen has the right to education". Crucial issues in the field of education in Indonesia is a right of access to education that is not fully accepted by society, especially the poor. One of the government's efforts to overcome the problem, namely the establishment of the Non-Formal Education (PNF). Such efforts provide an opportunity to the public and the private sector (non-government) for education alone, are responsible for further stipulated in the Law on National Education System.Community involvement in addressing the issue of education is expected, so that the need for public education by actually right on target and the benchmark on the education needs of the community itself. But unfortunately, the good cause it brings new problems mainly a matter of procedure and the delivery destination PNF activity itself. Inequality procedures such activities without government permission and are in a public space that is not right is one form of irregularities that occurred in the field. Therefore, search patterns distorted by the PNF organizing the community is a major step in analyzing the root of the real problem. So get a conclusion and become joint improvement efforts for government and society.From the results of research conducted by the PNF community groups that care community education in Kolong Toll Bridge Three Penjaringan, North Jakarta, found that inequality not only in terms of the delivery procedures PNF, but also discrepancy model and the concept of education as well as networkingcommunity perspective as the basis for community based development theory of the application of community development activities in the field of education. Then, from the research activities of the PNF in the public space by the community, obtained a conclusion, that motive is the control of public space as a shield "escape" from problems of inequality that have been found above. Thus motive when referring to the thought by Erving Goffman is part of the strategic interaction in the concept of intelligence organization]"