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"ABSTRAKLingkar perut WC , rasio lingkar perut-tinggi badan WHtR , dan rasio lingkar perut-lingkar panggul WHR berpotensi memberikan informasi status obesitas. Penelitian ini membandingkan indikator tersebut dengan berat badan menurut tinggi badan WHZ dan indeks masa tubuh menurut umur BMI-age . Penelitian belah lintang dilakukan pada balita 24-59 bulan nested dengan penelitian kohort ldquo;Tumbuh Kembang Anak dan Penyakit Tidak Menular rdquo;. Kurva ROC dan sistem klasifikasi z-score digunakan untuk menemukan cut-off yang tepat. Tidak terdapat perbedaan proporsi obesitas antara WHtR dengan WHZ p=0.070 . Tidak terdapat perbedaan WHtR p=0.125 dan WC p=0.070 dibandingkan dengan BMI-age. WC dan WHtR dipertimbangkan sebagai indikator dalam penyaringan obesitas balita.

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ABSTRACTWC, WHtR and WHR were to be concern given information about obesity status. The study obtained those data and also compared to obesity proportion by WHZ BMI for Age. A cross sectional study was conducted among 24 59 months old children nested with the cohort of ldquo Tumbuh Kembang Anak dan Penyakit Tidak Menular rdquo . ROC curved and z score classification system were used to found the appropriate cut offs. There was no difference proportion of obesity between WHtR and WHZ indicators p 0.070 . Meanwhile, WHtR p 0.125 and WC p 0.070 were no difference proportion compare to BMI for age. WC and WHtR considered as screening indicators to detect obesity."

"Latar BelakangDiabetes mellitus merupakan penyakit gangguan metabolik dengan jumlah penderita yang tergolong tinggi baik di dunia maupun di Indonesia. Salah satu faktor risiko dari diabetes mellitus adalah obesitas. Obesitas dapat menyebabkan akumulasi lemak yang memicu kondisi diabetes melalui disfungsi sel beta dan resistensi insulin. Indeks yang dapat digunakan untuk mengukur akumulasi lemak adalah indeks lipid accumulation product (LAP). Sejauh ini, indeks LAP ditemukan berkaitan dengan kejadian diabetes mellitus tipe 2 pada berbagai populasi. Meskipun demikian, penelitian yang menelusuri hubungan antara indeks LAP dengan disfungsi sel beta dan resistensi insulin sebagai penyebab diabetes mellitus tipe 2 masih terbatas.MetodeStudi observasional dengan desain potong lintang ini menggunakan data sekunder dengan merekrut populasi orang dewasa nondiabetes pada tahun 2018 dan 2019. Pada subjek tersebut, pemeriksaan antropometri dan pengambilan darah dilakukan untuk memperoleh kadar glukosa darah puasa, insulin puasa, dan trigliserida. Analisis dilakukan dengan menggunakan uji korelasi dan regresi linier untuk melihat hubungan antara indeks LAP dengan fungsi sel beta pankreas dan resistensi insulin setelah disesuaikan oleh variabel perancu.HasilPenelitian ini melibatkan 81 subjek dewasa nondiabetes dengan usia 51,54 ± 7,29 tahun. Ditemukan korelasi positif yang signifikan (p<0,01) antara lipid accumulation product (LAP) dengan fungsi sel beta pankreas (r = 0,39) dan resistensi insulin (r = 0,44). Setelah dilakukan penyesuaian variabel perancu pada analisis multivariat, indeks LAP tidak menunjukkan hubungan yang signifikan terhadap fungsi sel beta pankreas dan resistensi insulin.KesimpulanPenelitian ini menunjukkan adanya hubungan yang signifikan antara indeks LAP dan fungsi sel beta pankreas dan resistensi insulin pada populasi dewasa nondiabetes. Dibutuhkan studi lebih lanjut untuk menentukan kausalitas pada asosiasi tersebut.

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Introduction

Diabetes mellitus is a metabolic disorder with high prevalence worldwide, including Indonesia. One of the risk factors for diabetes mellitus is obesity, which can lead to fat accumulation causing diabetes through beta cell dysfunction and insulin resistance. Lipid accumulation product (LAP) is an index used to measure fat accumulation. LAP has been found to be associated with the occurrence of type 2 diabetes mellitus in various populations. However, studies investigating between LAP index and beta cell dysfunction and insulin resistance as causes of type 2 diabetes mellitus are still limited.

Method

This cross-sectional observational study used secondary data to recruit nondiabetic adults in 2018 and 2019. Anthropometric measurements and blood samples were taken. Statistical analysis was conducted using correlation test and linear regression to examine the relationship between LAP index and pancreatic beta cell function and insulin resistance after adjusting for confounding variables.

Results

This study involved 81 nondiabetic adult subjects with an average age of 51.54 ± 7.29 years old. Significant positive correlation (p<0.01) was found between LAP index and beta cell function (r = 0.39) dan resistensi insulin (r = 0.44). After adjusting for confounding variables in multivariate analysis, the LAP index did not show a significant relationship with beta cell function and insulin resistance.

Conclusion

This study demonstrated a significant association of LAP index with beta cell function and insulin resistance in nondiabetic adult population. Further research is needed to determine causality."

"Prevalensi Sindroma Pre-Menstruasi (PMS) yang tinggi di kalangan perempuan Indonesia tidak sejalan dengan tingkat pengetahuan yang ada, di mana pengetahuan remaja di Indonesia tentang kesehatan reproduksi masih terbilang rendah. Topik kesehatan reproduksi seperti kejadian menstruasi masih kerap dianggap tabu di beberapa kalangan masyarakat. Sebagai calon dokter, mahasiswi kedokteran memiliki tanggung jawab untuk memberikan edukasi dan menormalisasi topik PMS pada masyarakat luas. Sehingga evaluasi mengenai tingkat pengetahuan, persepsi, dan perilaku dalam PMS pada mahasiswi kedokteran penting untuk diketahui. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode potong lintang dengan target populasi yaitu Mahasiswi Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Indonesia angkatan 2020-2022. Hasil analisis univariat mengenai kejadian PMS serta Pengetahuan, Persepsi, dan Perilaku mengatasi PMS pada Mahasiswi Kedokteran Universitas Indonesia menunjukkan kejadian PMS dengan mayoritas intensitas sedang-berat (61%), tingkat pengetahuan yang baik (73,8%), persepsi yang baik (95,2%), dan perilaku positif dalam mengatasi gejala PMS (62,2%). Hasil analisis bivariat menunjukkan tidak adanya hubungan signifikan antara tingkat pengetahuan dengan perilaku mengatasi PMS dengan p value sebesar 0,174. Didapatkan pula hasil hubungan tidak signifikan antara tingkat persepsi dengan perilaku mengatasi PMS karena didapatkan p value sebesar 0,554. Walau demikian, adanya penelitian ini penting untuk mengetahui gambaran kejadian PMS, serta sejauh mana tingkat pengetahuan, persepsi, dan perilaku terhadap PMS pada mahasiswi.

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The high prevalence of PMS among Indonesian women is not in line with the existing level of knowledge, in which the level of knowledge in Indonesian teenagers about reproductive health is still relatively low. Reproductive health topics such as menstruation are still often considered taboo in some circles of society. As future doctors, medical students have a responsibility to provide education and normalize the topic of PMS to the wider community. Thus, it is important to evaluate the level of knowledge, perception and behavior in dealing with PMS in medical students. This was a cross-sectional research with the target population being female students from the Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia class 2020-2022. The results of univariate analysis regarding the incidence of PMS as well as Knowledge, Perception and Behavior to overcome PMS among Medical Students at the University of Indonesia showed that the majority of PMS incidence was moderate-severe intensity (61%), good level of knowledge (73.8%), good perception (95,2%), and positive behavior in overcoming PMS symptoms (62.2%). The results of bivariate analysis showed that there was no significant association between the level of knowledge and behavior to overcome PMS with a p value of 0.174. The association between the level of perception and behavior to overcome PMS was also insignificant in which the p value was 0.554. Nevertheless, this research is important to find out the depiction of the incidence of PMS, as well as the extent level of knowledge, perception and behavior towards PMS among female students."

"Latar Belakang Status epileptikus adalah kondisi kegawatdaruratan Neurologi yang dapat terjadi pada anak. UKK Neurologi IDAI menerbitkan Rekomendasi Penatalaksanaan Status Epileptikus IDAI 2016 agar terdapat keseragaman tata laksana serta menghindari over dan underteatment. Tujuan Mengkaji dan mengevaluasi penerapan Rekomendasi Penatalaksanaan Status Epileptikus UKK Neurologi IDAI 2016 dan variabel yang memengaruhi tata laksana status epileptikus oleh dokter spesialis anak di Indonesia. Metode Metode penelitian menggunakan studi potong lintang dengan instrumen penelitian berupa kuesioener daring yang berisi 16 pertanyaan kesesuaian tata laksana, dengan total skor 21. Penelitian dilakukan selama bulan Oktober 2023. Respondens merupakan dokter spesialis anak di Indonesia yang tergabung dalam Ikatan Dokter Anak Indonesia (IDAI). Hasil Rerata skor kesuaian tata laksana status epileptikus dari 129 subjek adalah 11,68 dari 21,00. Rentang skor subjek adalah 2,00 hingga 19,00. Proporsi dokter spesialis anak yang mengetahui rekomendasi adalah 97,3% dan yang pernah mendapatkan sosialisasi adalah 82,9%. Signifikansi uji komparatif rerata skor kesesuaian kategori usia <41 tahun, 41-60 tahun, >60 tahun adalah p=0,071, kategori tahun kelulusan ≤10 tahun dan >10 tahun p=0,04, kategori tempat kerja klinik/praktik pribadi, rumah sakit tipe B/A dan rumah sakit tipe C/D adalah 0,309, kategori lokasi kerja kota madya dan kabupaten adalah p=0.279, serta kategori riwayat sosialisasi dan tidak p=0,139. Terdapat perbedaan kemampulaksanaan rekomendasi tata laksana antara lokasi kerja praktik/klinik pribadi dan rumah sakit sebesar p=0,287 dan rumah sakit tipe B/A dan rumah sakit tipe C/D sebesar p=0,013, serta berdasarkan tempat kerja sebesar p=0,798. Kesimpulan Terdapat perbedaan rerata skor kesesuaian rekomendasi tata laksana yang secara statistik bermakna pada kategori tahun kelulusan ≤10 tahun dan >10 (p=0,04), serta perbedaan kemampulaksanaan rekomendasi di rumah sakit tipe B/A dan rumah sakit tipe C/D (p=0,013).

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Introduction Status epilepticus is a neurological emergency condition that can occur in children. Indonesian Pediatric Society (UKK Neurologi IDAI) issued the IDAI 2016 Recommendations for the Management of Status Epilepticus to ensure consistent management of status epilepticus. Objective To assess and evaluate the implementation of the UKK Neurologi IDAI 2016 Recommendations for the Management of Status Epilepticus and the variables influencing the management of status epilepticus by pediatric specialists in Indonesia. Method The research methodology used a cross-sectional study design with an online questionnaire as the research instrument, consisting of 16 questions on the appropriateness of management, with a total score of 21. The research was conducted in October 2023. The respondents were pediatric specialists in Indonesia who are members of the Indonesian Pediatric Society (IDAI). Results The mean score of compliance with the managementguuidelines recommendations based on workplace in hospital type B/A and hospital type C/D (p=0.013). guidelines for status epilepticus from 129 subjects is 11.68 out of 21.00. The range of subject scores is from 2.00 to 19.00. The proportion of pediatric specialists who are aware of the recommendations is 97.3%, and those who have received training is 82.9%. The significance of the comparative test for the mean scores of compliance in the age categories <41 years, 41-60 years, and >60 years is p=0.071. p=0.04 For the categories of years since graduation ≤10 years and >10 years, p=0.309. for the categories of workplace in clinics/private practice, hospital type B/A, and hospital type C/D, p=0.795 for the categories of working location in rural and urban area, and p=0.139 for the categories of history of training and no training. The difference in the implementation of management guideline recommendations based on working location with a significance of p=0.287 in clinic/private practice and hospitals, and p=0.013 in hospital type B/A and hospital type C/D. The difference in the implementation of management guideline recommendations based on workplace with a significance of p=0.798 in rural and urban area. Conclusion There is a statistically significant difference in the mean scores of compliance with the management guideline recommendations in the categories of years since graduation ≤10 years and >10 years (p=0.04), and difference in the implementations of management."

"Latar BelakangPandemi COVID-19 telah dinyatakan berakhir oleh World Health Organization sehingga anak- anak dengan gangguan neurologis dan neurodevelopmental perlu untuk beradaptasi kembali. Oleh karena itu, penelitian mengenai adaptasi pascapandemi terkait layanan kesehatan, perkembangan masalah medis anak, hubungan anak dengan keluarga dan teman, perilaku anak, dan masalah yang dihadapi oleh orang tua, pengasuh, dan keluarga dalam penanganan anak perlu dilakukan untuk merancang intervensi dan kebijakan yang mendukung mereka dalam menghadapi situasi serupa di masa depan.MetodePenelitian ini merupakan studi potong lintang pada orang tua atau pengasuh pasien Poliklinik Neurologi Anak RSCM Kiara pada Oktober-November 2023 dengan instrumen penelitian berupa kuesioner yang berisi 48 pertanyaan untuk mengetahui adaptasi pascapandemi COVID-19 terhadap anak-anak dengan gangguan neurologis dan neurodevelopmental. Data disajikan dalam N dan persentase serta rerata dan standar deviasi (jika terdistribusi normal) atau median dan nilai minimum-maksimum (jika tidak terdistribusi normal).HasilJumlah subjek yang terlibat adalah 125 orang, yang didominasi oleh ibu (85,6%), dengan median (min-maks) usia anak 7 (2-17) tahun, dan diagnosis anak didominasi oleh epilepsi (58,3%). Setelah pandemi, sebanyak 54,4% responden mengalami kesulitan layanan kesehatan dalam aspek waktu tunggu rawat jalan dan 56,8% melaporkan adanya perbaikan dalam masalah medis. Mayoritas hubungan anak dengan keluarga adalah baik ketika sebelum dan selama pandemi (48,8%) serta setelah pandemi (49,6%). Terkait hubungan anak dengan teman, selama pandemi, hampir separuh anak tidak melakukan kontak dengan teman-teman mereka (44,8%), tetapi sekarang, mayoritas anak telah kembali bermain secara langsung (62,4%). Terkait perubahan perilaku pascapandemi, sebanyak 43,2% melaporkan relatif sama saja. Sementara terkait masalah yang dihadapi oleh orang tua, pengasuh, dan keluarga dalam penanganan anak, 40,8% menyatakan bahwa tidak ada kesulitan dalam menangani anak-anak mereka setelah pandemi. KesimpulanAdaptasi pascapandemi COVID-19 memberikan dampak pada layanan kesehatan, perkembangan medis anak, perubahan perilaku, dan hubungan dengan teman terhadap anak-anak dengan gangguan neurologis dan neurodevelopmental, meskipun sebagian besar hubungan keluarga tetap baik, dan sebagian besar orang tua melaporkan tidak adanya perubahan signifikan dalam situasi kerja atau tidak ada kesulitan yang dihadapi dalam menangani anak.

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Introduction

The World Health Organization has declared the COVID-19 pandemic over, so children with neurological and neurodevelopmental disorders need to adapt again. Therefore, research on post- pandemic adaptation related to health services, the development of children's medical problems, children's relationships with family and friends, children's behavior, and problems faced by parents, caregivers, and families in treating children needs to be carried out to design interventions and policies that support them in facing similar situations in the future.

Method

This research is a cross-sectional study on parents or caregivers of patients at the Children's Neurology Polyclinic RSCM Kiara in October-November 2023 with a research instrument in the form of a questionnaire containing 48 questions to determine post-COVID-19 pandemic adaptation for children with neurological and neurodevelopmental disorders. Data are presented in N and percentage as well as mean and standard deviation (if normally distributed) or median and minimum-maximum values (if not normally distributed).

Results

The number of subjects involved was 125 people, dominated by mothers (85,6%), with a median (min-max) child age of 7 (2-17) years, and the child's diagnosis was dominated by epilepsy (58,3%). After the pandemic, 54,4% of respondents experienced health service difficulties regarding outpatient waiting times, and 56,8% reported improvements in medical problems. Most children's relationships with their families were good before and during the pandemic (48,8%) and after (49,6%). Regarding children's relationships with friends, during the pandemic, almost half of children had no contact with their friends (44,8%), but now, most children have returned to playing in person (62,4%). Regarding changes in post-pandemic behavior, 43,2% reported that it was relatively the same. Meanwhile, regarding the problems parents, caregivers, and families faced in handling children, 40,8% stated there were no difficulties managing their children after the pandemic.

Conclusion

Post-pandemic COVID-19 adaptation has had an impact on health services, children's medical development, changes in behavior, and relationships with friends for children with neurological and neurodevelopmental disorders; although most family relationships remain good, and most parents report no significant differences in a work situation, or there are no difficulties faced in dealing with children."

"Proporsi hipertensi terus meningkat dan konsumsi kopi juga dapat berperan dalam peningkatan risiko hipertensi tersebut. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk meneliti hubungan antara konsumsi kopi dan kejadian hipertensi pada wanita usia subur (WUS). Penelitian ini dilakukan di HNRC IMERI FKUI September 2022-Juni 2023 dengan menggunakan data dari payung penelitian FKUI-SEAMEO RECFON (peneliti utama Prof. Rina Agustina). Penelitian ini adalah studi potong lintang pada WUS suku Minangkabau dan Sunda berusia 19-50 tahun pada bulan September 2015-Oktober 2016. Konsumsi kopi dibagi menjadi dua kelompok (konsumsi dan tidak konsumsi). Tiga kategori hipertensi, yaitu hipertensi sistolik dan diastolik (≥140/90mmHg), hipertensi sistolik (≥140mmHg), dan hipertensi diastolik (≥90mmHg). Analisis data deskriptif statistik dan regresi logistik menggunakan SPSS versi 20.0, dengan mempertimbangkan faktor pengganggu (suku, usia, status merokok, aktivitas fisik, pekerjaan, dan riwayat pendidikan) di dalam model regresi, dengan tingkat signifikansi α=0,05 dan interval kepercayaan 95%. Dari data WUS suku Minangkabau dan Sunda, median usia responden adalah 37 tahun, sebagian besar bekerja (65,8%), memiliki riwayat pendidikan rendah (61,4%), kebiasaan merokok rendah (4,44%) dan aktivitas fisik bervariasi, dominan pada kategori sedang (49,44%). Konsumsi kopi berhubungan dengan peningkatan risiko hipertensi sistolik dan diastolik pada WUS secara keseluruhan (p=0,035, OR=1,683). Konsumsi kopi berhubungan dengan peningkatan risiko hipertensi secara keseluruhan.

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The prevalence of hypertension is continually increasing, and coffee consumption may also play a role in elevating the risk of hypertension. This research aims to examine the relationship between coffee consumption and the incidence of hypertension in women of childbearing age (WCA). The study was conducted at HNRC IMERI FKUI from September 2022 to June 2023, utilizing data from the main research of FKUI-SEAMEO RECFON (led by primary researcher Prof. Rina Agustina). This study is a cross-sectional study on WCA of Minangkabau and Sundanese ethnicities aged 19-50 years, spanning from September 2015 to October 2016. Coffee consumption was divided into two groups (consumers and non-consumers). Three categories of hypertension were considered: systolic and diastolic hypertension (≥140/90mmHg), systolic hypertension (≥140mmHg), and diastolic hypertension (≥90mmHg). Descriptive statistical data analysis and logistic regression were performed using SPSS version 20.0, considering confounding factors (ethnicity, age, smoking status, physical activity, occupation, and educational history) in the regression model, with a significance level of α=0.05 and a 95% confidence interval. From the data of Minangkabau and Sundanese WCA, the median age of respondents was 37 years, with the majority employed (65.8%), having a low educational background (61.4%), low smoking habits (4.44%), and varied physical activity, predominantly in the moderate category (49.44%). Coffee consumption was associated with an increased risk of both systolic and diastolic hypertension in WCA overall (p=0.035, OR=1.683). Coffee consumption was related to an overall increased risk of hypertension. "

"Kanker payudara merupakan jenis kanker yang paling banyak ditemukan pada wanita dengan 2,3 juta kasus baru pada tahun 2020. Klasifikasi berdasarkan ekspresi reseptor hormon penting diketahui karena tiap subtipe dapat berbeda dalam karakteristik klinis, strategi pengobatan, dan prognosis. Penelitian hubungan faktor risiko usia dan IMT terhadap subtipe kanker payudara yang telah dilakukan masih menghasilkan kesimpulan yang bertentangan dan belum konklusif sehingga penelitian lebih lanjut perlu dilakukan. Penelitian ini dilakukan di RCSM pada April-Mei 2024 dengan mengakses rekam medis 180 pasien kanker payudara primer yang datang ke Poli Bedah RSCM pada tahun 2022 dan menjalani pemeriksaan patologi anatomi dan imunohistokimia. Diperoleh 180 subjek dengan 82,8% berusia >40 tahun dan 17,2% berusia ≤40 tahun. Ditemukan 51,1% subjek obesitas, 27,2% berat badan normal, 16,1% berat badan berlebih, dan hanya 5,6% berat badan kurang. Ditemukan subtipe luminal mencakup 72,8% kasus dan non-luminal 27,2% kasus. Subtipe dengan proporsi paling banyak ditemukan adalah tipe luminal B dengan 41,1%, diikuti tipe luminal A 31,7%, TNBC 17,2%, dan HER2-enriched 10%. Analisis chi-square antara usia dengan subtipe kanker payudara serta IMT dengan subtipe kanker payudara tidak menemukan hubungan yang bermakna. Tidak terdapat hubungan antara usia ataupun IMT terhadap subtipe molekuler kanker payudara yang signifikan di RSCM tahun 2022.

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Breast cancer is the most common type of cancer found in women with 2.3 million new cases in 2020. Classification based on hormone receptor expression is important because each subtype can differ in clinical characteristics, treatment strategies and prognosis. Research on the relationship between risk factors of age and BMI on breast cancer subtypes that has been carried out still produces conflicting conclusions and is not yet conclusive, so further research needs to be carried out. This research was conducted at RCSM in April-May 2024 by accessing the medical records of 180 primary breast cancer patients who came to the RSCM Surgical Clinic in 2022 and underwent anatomical pathology and immunohistochemical examinations. There were 180 subjects with 82.8% aged >40 years and 17.2% aged ≤40 years. It was found that 51.1% of subjects were obese, 27.2% were normal weight, 16.1% were overweight, and only 5.6% were underweight. It was found that the luminal subtype covered 72.8% of cases and non-luminal 27.2% of cases. The subtype with the highest proportion found was luminal B type with 41.1%, followed by luminal A type 31.7%, TNBC 17.2%, and HER2-enriched 10%. Chi-square analysis between age and breast cancer subtype and BMI and breast cancer subtype did not find a significant relationship. There was no significant relationship between age or BMI and breast cancer molecular subtype in RSCM in 2022."

"Keluhan yang biasa dialami oleh para remaja putri yang mengalami haid ialah rasa nyeri atau keram pada bagian pinggang dan abdomen. Nyeri ini merupakan peristiwa normal dalam kejadian haid dan dikenal dengan nama dismenore. Perilaku dalam menghadapi dismenore sangat bervariasi dan dapat dipengaruhi oleh banyak faktor. Karena itu penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melihat hubungan pengetahuan dengan perilaku mengatasi dismenore (nyeri haid) pada mahasiswi fakultas kedokteran dan keperawatan. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian deskriptif analitik. Pengambilan sampel dilakukan dengan consecutive sampling dan didapatkan sampel berjumlah 87 mahasiswi. Perolehan data dilakukan dengan melakukan penyebaran kuesioner terkait pengetahuan dan perilaku mahasiswi terhadap dismenore. Pengetahuan mahasiswi fakultas kedokteran dan keperawatan cenderung baik dengan jumlah 48 mahasiswi (55,2%). Terkait perilaku dalam mengatasi dismenore, ditemukan 41 mahasiswi (47,1%) yang memiliki perilaku negatif dan 46 mahasiswi (52,9%) yang memiliki perilaku positif. Analisis data dilakukan dengan uji chi-square dengan perolehan nilai p = 0,551. Hasil analisis menunjukkan tidak adanya hubungan antara pengetahuan dengan perilaku mengatasi dismenore (nyeri haid) pada mahasiswi Fakultas Kedokteran dan Keperawatan di Universitas Indonesia.

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A common complaint experienced by adolescent girls who experience menstruation is pain or cramping in the abdomen or waist area. This pain is a normal occurrence in menstrual events and is known as dysmenorrhea. The behavior in dealing with dysmenorrhea varies greatly and can be influenced by many factors. Therefore, this study aims to see the relationship between knowledge and behavior of dealing with dysmenorrhea (menstrual pain) in female students of the Faculty of Medicine and Nursing. The research is a descriptive analytics study. Sampling was done by consecutive sampling and obtained a sample of 87 female students. Data acquisition was carried out by distributing questionnaires related to the knowledge and behavior of female students towards dysmenorrhea. Knowledge of medical and nursing students tend to be in a good category with a total of 48 students (55,2%). Regarding the behavior in overcoming dysmenorrhea, it was found that 41 female students (47,1%) had a negative behavior and 46 students (52,9%) had a positive behavior. Data were analyzed using the chi-square test with a p-values = 0,551. The result of the analysis showed there is no relationship between knowledge and behavior of dealing with dysmenorrhea (menstrual pain) in female students of the Faculty of Medicine and Nursing at the University of Indonesia."

"

 Leptin berfungsi untuk menjaga keseimbangan energi untuk mencegah penambahan berat badan dalam menurunkan risiko resistensi leptin. Peningkatan leptin dipengaruhi oleh jumlah simpanan lemak dan perubahan akut dari asupan makanan. Asupan energi mempengaruhi sekresi leptin untuk menjaga keseimbangan energi. Healthy eating index (HEI) tinggi diartikan kualitas diet yang baik mencegah penyimpanan lemak dan peningkatan berat badan. Kami bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan antara HEI dan asupan energi total dengan kadar leptin pada orang dewasa perkotaan Jakarta. Teknik pengambilan sampel adalah metode konsekutif dan diperoleh 110 subjek yang memenuhi kriteria penelitian. Pengambilan data melalui 3 kali 24 jam food recall, pengukuran antropometri dan pengambilan serum darah. Asupan energi total rata-rata 1894 ± 482 kkal. Hasil skor HEI 36,5 (31,7-41,2). Hasil kadar leptin 15,7 (7,6-26,1) ng/ml. Hubungan signifikan negatif antara asupan energi total dengan kadar leptin (β -0,8, p=0,008) sebelum disesuaikan dengan usia, jenis kelamin dan IMT. Hubungan antara HEI dengan kadar leptin tidak didapatkan hubungan yang signifikan.

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The function of leptin is to maintain energy balance to prevent weight gain and reduce the risk of leptin resistance. High leptin is influenced by the amount of fat stores and acute changes in food intake. Energy intake affects leptin secretion to maintain energy balance. A high healthy eating index (HEI) means a good quality diet prevents fat storage and weight gain. We aimed to determine the relationship between HEI and total energy intake with leptin levels in Jakarta urban adults. The sampling technique was the concecutive method and obtained 110 subjects who met the research criteria. Data were collected through 3 times 24 hours of food recall, anthropometric measurements and taking blood serum. Average total energy intake was 1894 ± 482 kcal. HEI score 36.5 (31.7-41.2). The results of leptin levels were 15.7 (7.6-26.1) ng/ml. There was a significant negative relationship between total energy intake and leptin levels (β -0.8, p=0.008) before adjusting for age, sex and BMI. There was no significant relationship between HEI and leptin levels."

"Penelitian sebelumnya telah membuktikan adanya korelasi negatif antara kadar asam lemak trans (TFA) dan DHA ASI. Penelitian pada fibroblas manusia menunjukkan bahwa TFA dapat menurunkan availabilitas DHA dengan menghambat proses biosintesis DHA dari alpha-linolenic acid dan inkorporasinya pada lemak membran, termasuk ASI. Penelitian ini dirancang untuk mengetahui korelasi asupan TFA ibu menyusui terhadap kadar DHA ASI. Studi potong lintang dilakukan dengan menggunakan consecutive sampling yang melibatkan 80 orang subjek ibu menyusui sehat pada 1-6 bulan postpartum berusia 20-35 tahun di Puskesmas Cilincing, Jakarta Utara, dan Puskesmas Grogol Petamburan, Jakarta Barat, pada bulan Februari-April 2019 Asupan asam trans, DHA, asam lemak jenuh, dan asam lemak omega-3 dinilai dengan menggunakan food frequency questionnaire semi kuantitatif dan dihitung rasio asupan TFA-DHA. Spesimen ASI diambil secara post-feed pada pagi hari. Kadar DHA ASI diukur dengan menggunakan gas kromatografi tandem spektrometri massa. Korelasi TFA terhadap kadar DHA ASI dianalisis dengan uji korelasi Spearman. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan median asupan TFA adalah 167 (29-849) mg/hari atau >0,08 (0,01-0,38)% total energi. Asupan TFA seluruh subjek masih memenuhi rekomendasi American Heart Association (< 1% total energi). Median asupan DHA adalah 158,5 (13,9-719,7) mg/hari, 67,5% subjek berada dibawah rekomendasi Food and Agriculture Organization (200 mg/hari). Median rasio asupan TFA-DHA adalah 1,08 (0,17-18,06) dan median kadar DHA ASI subjek penelitian adalah >242 (89-865) µmol/l. Tidak didapatkan korelasi antara asupan TFA terhadap kadar DHA ASI (r=0,056, p=0,309), asupan DHA didapatkan memiliki korelasi positif sedang bermakna terhadap kadar DHA ASI (r=0,479, p <0,001), dan terdapat korelasi negatif lemah bermakna rasio asupan TFA-DHA terhadap kadar DHA ASI (r=-0,396, p <0,001). Penelitian ini menyimpulkan bahwa kadar DHA ASI tidak berkorelasi dengan asupan TFA, namun terdapat korelasi negatif lemah antara rasio asupan TFA-DHA terhadap kadar DHA ASI.

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Previous research has shown an inverse correlation between TFA and DHA in breast milk. Experimental data on human fibroblast showed that TFA could decrease the availability of DHA by inhibiting its biosynthesis from alpha-linolenic acid and incorporation to lipid membrane, including human milk. This study was designed to determine the correlation between maternal TFA intake and DHA content of mother's breast milk. This cross-sectional study was conducted at Cilincing Public Health Centre, North Jakarta, and Grogol Petamburan Public Health Centre, West Jakarta, from February to April 2019. Consecutive sampling method was used, 80 healthy lactating mothers at 1-6 postpartum ranging from >20-35 years old, participated in this study. Maternal TFA, DHA, saturated fat, and omega-3 intake was assessed using a semiquantitative food frequency questionnaire, and TFA-DHA intake ratio was calculated. Breast milk specimens were collected post-feed in the morning then breast milk DHA content was analyzed by Gas Chromatography with Mass Spectrometry. Correlation between maternal TFA intake and breast milk's DHA content was assessed using Spearman's test. Data showed the median value of TFA intake was 167 (29-849) mg/day, all subjects TFA intake still below the recommendation of AHA (<1% total energy) Median value of DHA intake was 158.5 (13.9-719.7) mg/day, 67,5% of subject was below Food and Agriculture Organization recommendation (200mg/day). The median value of TFA-DHA ratio was 1.08 (0.17-18.06), and a median value of breast milk's DHA content was 242 (89-865) µmol/l. This study showed no correlation between maternal TFA intake and breast milk's DHA content >(r=0.056, p=0.309), Maternal DHA intake showed a moderate positive correlation with breast milk DHA (r=0.479, p <0.001). There was a weak negative correlation between TFA-DHA intake ratio and breast milk DHA (r=-0.396, p <0.001). This study concluded that the DHA content of the mother's breastmilk was not correlated with maternal TFA intake alone, but it was negatively correlated with TFA-DHA intake ratio."