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Pada survei ini telah dikumpulkan sejumlah sampel tinja untuk pemeriksaan terhadap cacing yang ditularkan melalui tanah dan terhadap Protozoa pada anak kelas tiga sekolah dasar. Pemeriksaan tersebut merupakan bagian program penanggulangan cacing yang ditularkan melalui tanah. Ketiga sekolah berlokasidi dua pulau yaiut Pulau Panggang dan Pulau Pramuka, yang termasuk sekelompok pulau dekat pantai Utara Jakarta. Sekolah-sekolah ini belum pernah ikut serta dengan kegiatan program penanggulangan S-TH. Untuk pemeriksaan digunakan cara semi kuantitatif Kato sediaan tebal dan cara sediaan langsung dengan larutan yodium 2%. Empat spesies cacing dan lima spesies Protozoa telah ditemukan pada 101 sampel tinja. Infeksi Ascaris dan Tichuris ditemukan sebanyak 68.8% atau lebih. Infeksi cacing tambang hanya ditemukan di satu sekolah (2.9%). Telur Hymenolepis nana ditemukan pada satu sampel. Diantara 101 sample ini ditemukan 5% Entamoeba histolytica dan Entamoeba coli, sedangkan 2% Endolimax nana ditemukan pada 2.0% diantara sampel tinja ini. Tercata prevalensi tinggi untuk Blastocystis hominis (36.0%) dan Giardia lamblia (30.0%). Kebanyakan infeksi Ascaris termasuk infeksi ringan di SD I (69.0%) dan tidak ditemukan infeksi berat di SD ini. Kebanyakan infeksi di SD II dan III merupakan infeksi sedang yaitu untuk masing masing sekolah 51.4 dan 81.8%. Di SD II dan III juga ditemukan infeksi berat yaitu untuk masing masing sekolah 11.4 dan 5.8 %. Telur Ascaris yang dibuahi ditemukan pada 93.1%, 100% dan 95.5% berturut-turut di SD I , II dan III. Diantara 86 sampel yang positif 96.5% sampel mengandung telur yang dibuahi, sedangkan pada 3.5% sampel ditemukan telur yang tidak dibuahi. Prevalensi infeksi Ascaris dan Trichuris dapat diduga sebelumnya mengingat derajat hygiene lingkungan dan sanitasi yang rendah di daerah ini. Diantara infeksi Protozoa spesies yang dominan adalah B. hominis danG. lamblia.Stool samples were collected and examined for soil-transmitted helminthic and protozoal infection in the first grade of threeprimary schools, located on Pulau Panggang and Pulau Pramuka, which are parts of a group of islands not far from the northcoast of Jakarta. The stool examinations were part of activities during a control program on soil-transmitted helminthicinfections. The schools have never participated with control programs on soil-transmitted helminthiases. For the examinationof the samples a semi-quantitative Kato thick smear method was used and the direct smear with a 2% iodine solution. Fourintestinal helminth species and five protozoa species were found in a total of 101 stool samples. Ascaris and Trichurisinfections were found in 68.8% or more. Hookworm infection was only found in one school (2.9%). Eggs of Hymenolepisnana were detected in one sample. Cysts of Entamoeba histolytica and Entamoeba coli were both found in 5.0% of thesamples, whereas Endolimax nana was recovered from 2.0% of the samples. High prevalence rates were detected forBlastocystis hominis (36.0%) and for Giardia lamblia it was 30.0%. Most of the Ascaris infections were categorized as lightinfections at School I (69.0%) and not a single heavy infection were found in this school. In School II and III most of theinfections were moderate i.e. respectively 51.4 and 81.8%. Also in Schools II and III heavy infections were detected,respectively 11.4 and 5.8%. Fertilized Ascaris eggs were detected in 93.1%, 100% and 95.5% at School I, II and III respectively.As a whole among 86 positive samples 96.5% were recorded as samples with fertilized eggs, whereas 3.5% containedunfertilized eggs. The high prevalences of Ascaris and Trichuris infections in this area could be expected due to the lowlevel of environmental hygiene and sanitation. Among the protozoal infections B. hominis and G. lamblia were thedominant species. |
