Daerah Jayawijaya, termasuk Kecamatan Wamena dan Assologaima, adalah daerah yang hiperendemis penyakit taeniasis/sistiserkosis. Dikatakan bahwa taeniasis/sistiserkosis adalah penyakit yang disebut penyakit rumah tangga yaitu suatu penyakit dengan karakteristik sebagai berikut: sering dijumpai lebih dari 1 anggota keluarga di suatu rumah tangga yang terinfeksi penyakit tersebut. Tujuan studi ini adalah mendapat gambaran taeniasis/sistiserkosis pada keluarga yang tinggal di satu komplek perumahan (silimo) dan mengetahui distribusi penderita sistiserkosis yang tinggal bersama penderita taeniasis (adult worm carriers). Telah dilakukan studi terbatas terhadap adanya antibodi terhadap antigen Taenia solium dan tes ELISA-coproantigen. Tes imunoblot menggunakan glikoprotein yang dimurnikan (GP) yang bertindak sebagai antigen Taenia solium. Antibodi anti-sistiserkosis yang terdeteksi sebesar 51.7% dari 89 sampel serum manusia. Angka seroprevalensi ini pada keluarga di Kecamatan Wamena (68.4%, 26/38) lebih tinggi dibandingkan di Kecamatan Assologaima (35.3%, 18/51), pada laki-laki (61.2%, 30/49) lebih banyak yang terinfeksi dari perempuan (40.0, 16/40). Disamping itu ELISA-coproantigen yang terdeteksi positif sebesar 2.4% (3/42) hanya ditemukan pada keluarga di Assologaima, sedangkan pada 5 keluarga di Kecamatan Wamena maupun Assologaima ditemukan anggota keluarga seropositif tanpa adanya individu coproantigen positif di rumah komplek masing-masing. Di daerah hiperendemis taeniasis/sistiserkosis seorang dapat terinfeksi oleh keluarganya yang tinggal bersama di silimo maupun mendapat infeksi ini dari keluarga lain. Semua penderita taeniasis mengkontaminasi lingkungan.
Taeniasis/cysticercosis among family members in villages of Jayawijaya District, Papua. The area of Jayawijaya, including the Subdistricts of Wamena and Assologaima, is a hyperendemic area of taeniasis/cysticercosis. The disease is considered as a household disease because often if one family member is infected with the disease we can also expect other family members with the same disease. The aim of this study is to obtain data on the condition of taeniasis/cysticercosis in families living in a complex of houses (silimo) and to know the distribution of cysticercosis patients living together with taeniasis patients (adult worm carriers). A limited study was conducted using a test on the detection of antibodies against antigen Taenia solium and the ELISA-coproantigen test. The immunoblot test used purified glycoproteins (GP) as a Taenia solium antigen. Antibodies anti-cysticercosis were detected in 51.7% of 89 human sera samples. The seroprevalence of families in Wamena (68.4%, 26/38) was higher in comparison with that in Assologaima (35.3%, 18/51), men (61.2%, 30/49) were more infected than women (40.0, 16/40). In addition positive ELISA-coproantigen was found in 2.4% (3/42) of the families in Assologaima, whereas in 5 families in Wamena as well as in Assologaima family members were found seropositive without an individu with coproantigen positive in their families living in their respectively silimo?s. In hyperendemic areas of taeniasis/cysticercosis one can be infected by his family living in the same complex of houses as well as by other families. All adult worm carriers are contaminating the whole environment. |
