Latar belakang : Ketahanan Nasional mencakup ketahanan diberbagai bidang termasuk ketahanan di bidang kesehatan. Kemandirian dalam bidang kesehatan mendukung ketahanan nasional. Untuk menilai kemandirian dalam bidang kesehatan pada penelitian ini dipergunakan kebijakan dan pelaksanaan penanggulangan AIDS di Indonesia, pengadaan obat ARV dan obat lain yang diperlukan masyarakat, pengembangan vaksin flu burung dan kerjasama penelitian dengan laboratorium Namru.Landasan Teori: Teori yang digunakan adalah teori ketergantungan negara yang sedang berkembang terhadap negara maju dalam pembangunan negara berkembang. Disamping itu juga teori ketahanan nasional mengenai kekuatan disegala bidang termasuk bidang kesehatan sesuai dengan kondisi lingkungan dan perubahan zaman.Hasil : 1. Strategi nasional penanggulangan AIDS di Indonesia telah memuat kebijakan untuk melaksanakan penanggulangan dengan kekuatan sendiri ditambah dengan bantuan dari luar negeri. Hanya saja dalam pelaksanaan program HIV/AIDS tersebut sebagian besar masih bergantung pada bantuan dari luar baik dalam bidang konsep, teknologi maupun dana. Dari segi dana sekitar 70% dari pendanaan yang diperlukan masih berasal dari luar. Pada pelaksanaan program aspek budaya lokal masih kurang dipertimbangkan 2. Dalam pengadaan obat ARV Indonesia telah berhasil mengadakan obat AIDS dasar melalui perjuangan yang cukup melelahkan. Kesinambungan pengadaan obat tersebut masih terancam isu mutu yang dikemukakan oleh WHO dan lembaga internasional lainnya. 3. Telah timbulmya kesadaran mengenai pentingnya kepemilikan virus flu burung strain Indonesia yang selama ini dimanfaatkan oleh industri farmasi internasional untuk pengembangan vaksin flu burung tanpa memberi keuntungan pada Indonesia. 4. Timbulnya kesadaran mengenai ketimpangan kerjasama antara pemerintah Indonesia dan Amerika Serikat dalam operasional laboratorium penelitian Namru.Kesimpulan : Dari penelaahan kasus penanggulangan AIDS, pengadaan obat ARV, Vaksin flu Burung dan Laboratorium Namru didapatkan ketergantungan Indonesia padapihak luar masih tinggi. Telah timbul kesadaran tentang hak?hak Indonesia serta keinginan utuk lebih mandiri dalam bidang kesehatan. Upaya untuk mandiri tersebut memerlukan kesadaran mengenai ketahanan nasional baik di kalangan pemerintah, masyarakat, serta kalangan bisnis. Karena itu sosialisasi mengenai ketahanan nasional perlu digalakan, secara terus menerus.
Background: National resilience is build by many aspects of resilience including resilience in health sector. Reliance in health sector support national resilience. To evaluate reliance in Indonesian health sector in this study government policy and program in AIDS control, availability of AIDS drug , development of flu vaccine and cooperation with Namru (Naval Army Medical Reasearch Unit) United State of America was analyzed.Theoritical background: In this study development dependency theory in developing countries was used. Beside this theory, national resilience theory including resilience in all aspects of life including health sector is used as a tool to analyzed Indonesian government policy and program in health.Result: 1. Indonesian government policy in AIDS Control strategy already considered self reliance as important factor to control AIDS in Indonesia. Foreign supports are welcome as complement to national program. However in program implementation there is dependency to foreign donor in conceptual thought, technology and fund. In financing the program 70% of fund is still from foreign country. In implementation of AIDS control program local culture and social condition is not optimally considered. 2. AIDS drug avabiality program has already provided Indonesian people with affordable drug but the process to produce this drug in Indonesia is not easy. Indonesia has to fight its right because many international company opposed this program. Issue on quality became big issue to stop this national program. 3. Concern about right to share the Indonesian avian flu viral strain inv developing flu vaccine already exist. However Indonesia also has to fight to get its right. 4. Equal partnership principle in agreement between Indonesia and United State of America in Namru laboratory cases also not represented in agreement and as the qonsequences also in laboratory operation.Conclusion: Analysis from AIDS National control program, AIDS drug national production, development of flu vaccine and Namru laboratory showed that Indonesia is in weak position. Although concern about national security and national resilience in Indonesia already exist but in implementation developed contries as donor is still very dominan. International agencies also dominated by developed countries so it position is difficult to support developing countries right. To improve national resilience condition, alertness on national resilience issues in government, bussines sector and public should be rised. Every sectors should strengthen their capacity to support Indonesian government bargain power to plan and supervise programs supported by foreign donors. |
