Ninik Mamak/Datuk adalah seorang pemimpin informal/pemuka adat di Minangkabau yang memiliki peranan yang cukup besar di bidang ekonomi, pendidikan dan sosial budaya, baik dilingkungan persukuannya selaku kepala suku maupun dilingkungan nagarinya yang diwadahi didalam lembaga kerapatn adat nagari (KAN). Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui peranan dan fungsi Ninik Mamak di nagari pakan sinayan, kecamatan banuhampu, kabupaten agam, sumatera barat dalam mendukung ketahanan daerah.Penelitian inidilakukan dengan metode penarikan sampel yang menggunakan teknik snowballing sampling, yaitu informan dijaring dengan cara memperoleh informasi, informan sebelumnya dan jumlah informan tidak dibatasi.Data-data diperoleh dengan teknik wawancara mendalam dan observasi partisipasi, dari data yang dikumpulkan diperoleh gambaran bahawa, peran ninik mamak dibagi tiga frase yaitu: (1) perannya secara tradisional cukup besar, mencakup semua lingkup kehidupan di persukuan dan ndi nagari. (2) setelah berlakunya UU No.5 /1979 peranan ninik mamak didalam KAN dihilangkan dan nagari diubah menjadi desa. (3) peran ninik mamak kembali berfungsi setelah keluarnya UU No.22/1999 dilingkungan persukuannya dan juga nagarinya yang direpresentasikan didalam lembaga KAN dengan dilandasi oleh peraturan daerah. Disimpulkan peranan ninik mamak di pakan sinayan dalam mendukung ketahanan daerah dilakukan dengan cara memberikan ketauladanan dan mengeluarkan seruan-seruan yang mengajak anggota masyarakat untuk meningkatkan kesejahteraan, berpartisipasi dalam menjaga kamtibmas serta menghindari konflik sehingga kerukunan, ketentraman dan kedamaian dalam masyarakat trepelihara dengan baik.
Ninik Mamak /Datuk is a leader of informal traditional leading person in Minangkabau who has a quite big role in the field of economy, education, and social culture both in his environmental race and also in environmental nation that is formed in Lembaga Kerapatan Adat Nagari (KAN). This research has been aimed at knowing the role and function of Ninik Mamak in Nagari Pakan Sinayan, Banuhampu subdistrict, West Sumatera in supporting national resilience.This research has been done with a sample attracting method which uses snowballing sampling technique, namely, a person whose task giving information is asked/wanted by obtaining information from the person mentioned above previously and the number of such kinds of person are not limited.Data are acquired with a profound interview and in involved observation from the collected data, as illustration is acquired and this illustration says that the roles of Ninik Mamak are devided into three phases : Namely (1) His role of tradition is quite big and it includes all the scopes of the lifes in race affairs and in nagari, (2) The role of Ninik Mamak at KAN was eliminated after UU No. 5/1979 has been declared affective and nagari has been change into village (3) The role of Ninik Mamak has functioned again after the issuance of UU No. 22/1999 at his environmental race affairs and his Nagari which has been represented in Lembaga KAN and is based with regional rules and regulations.It has been concluded that the role of Ninik Mamak in Pakan Sinayan in supporting national resilience is done by giving an example and declares something with involves the general public to increase welfareness, participating in guarding/keeping the security, order of general public (society) and at the same time avoid any conflict in order that peace, quitness and feeling of peace in the society will be able to realize well. |
