Trauma oklusi adalah kerusakan jaringan periodonsium akibat tekanan oklusal yang melebihi kapasitas adaptasi jaringan periodonsium, tekanan oklusal yang menyebabkan kerusakan tersebut disebut oklusi traumatik. Oklusi traumatik banyak dijumpai di klinik Periodonsia FKG UI, tetapi prevalensi, penyebab dan pola kerusakannya belum pernah diteliti.Tujuan : mengetahui prevalensi, penyebab dan pola kerusakan akibat oklusi traumatik pada gigi-gigi molar.Metode : data diambil dari kartu status pasien peserta PPDGS Periodonsia di RSGMP FKG UI periode 2005-2006. Dianalisa prevalensi, penyebab serta pola kerusakan akibat oklusi traumatik.Hasil : dari 207 pasien yang diperiksa, didapatkan 98 pasien (47%) atau 392 elemen gigi yang mengalami oklusi traumatik, dari jumlah tersebut 123 gigi (31.4%) adalah oklusi traumatik pada gigi molar. Penyebab oklusi traumatik yang ditemukan yaitu hambatan oklusal pada waktu sentrik oklusi (kontak prematur) sebesar (14.6%), hambatan oklusal pada gerak artikulasi (blocking) sebanyak (54.4%), bruxisme sebesar (3.2%), perbandingan mahkota akar tidak seimbang (PMATS) sebesar (5.6%), bentuk mahkota lebar sebesar (4.8%), kombinasi blocking dan kontak prematur sebesar (13%), kombinasi blocking dan PMATS sebesar (1.6%), kombinasi blocking dan cross bite sebesar (0.8%). Pola kerusakan yang terjadi yaitu resesi gingiva (1 mm-8 mm), kedalaman poket (1 mm?12 mm), kehilangan perlekatan epitel gingiva (1 mm?16 mm), kerusakan tulang alveolar (1/3 servikal-1/3 apikal), dan kegoyangan gigi (kegoyangan derajat 1-kegoyangan derajat 3).Kesimpulan : prevalensi penyakit periodontal akibat oklusi traumatik pada penelitian ini cukup tinggi. Pada gigi molar, penyebab yang paling banyak adalah hambatan oklusal pada gerak artikulasi (blocking) dan kerusakan yang terjadi bervariasi dari ringan hingga berat.
The result of the injury of periodontium tissue? when the occlusal force is above the tissue adaptive capacity is called trauma from occlusion. The occlusal force that caused the injury called traumatic occlusion. Many traumatic occlusion cases are found in Periodontia Clinic FKG UI, but the prevalence, etiology and the pattern of the damages on the periodontal tissue that caused by traumatic occlusion have never been observed yet.Objective : to observe the prevalence, etiology and the pattern of the damages on the periodontal tissue that caused by traumatic occlusion in molar teeth.Method : the data is taken from the patients medical records of the periodontist resident at RSGMP FKG UI on period of year 2005-2006. Prevalence, etiology, and the pattern of the damages on the periodontal tissue that caused by traumatic occlusion in molar teeth was analyzed.Result : A total of 207patients, there are 98 patients (47%) or 392 elements teeth with traumatic occlusion, which 123 elements are anterior teeth. The etiology of traumatic occlusion that found are premature contact (14.6%), blocking (54.4%), bruxisme (3.2%), imbalance of crown and root proportion (5.6%), imbalance crown proportion (4.8%), combination of blocking and premature contact (13%), combination of blocking and imbalance of crown and root proportion (1.6%), combination of blocking and cross bite (0.8%).The pattern of the damages on the periodontal tissue that caused by traumatic occlusion such as the increase of gingival recession (1 mm-8 mm), pocket depth (1 mm?12 mm), loss of attachment (1 mm?16 mm), alveolar bone damage (1/3 cervikal-1/3 apical), and tooth mobility (1 degree-3 degree).Conclusion : based on this research, the prevalence of periodontal disease caused by traumatic occlusion is high. In anterior teeth, the most common etiology is blocking and the pattern of the damages are vary from mild to severe. |
R17-PER-201-Kerusakan jaringan-Literatur.pdf :: Unduh