Penelitian yang saya lakukan dalam skripsi saya ini adalah mengenai konstruksi orang Indian sebagai das Fremde dalam novel Winnetou karya Karl May. Pada tahun 1893, Karl May menerbitkan bagian pertama dari 'I'rilogi Winnetou dan merupakan buku terakhir dari trilogi tersebut. Skripsi saya ini menggunakan pascakolonialisme sebagai teori utama dan hermeneutik interkultural sebagai metode penelitiannya. Dalam pascakolonialisme Barat menjajah Timur secara budaya dengan cara merepresentasikan Timur sebagai yang asing- (dos Fremde). Sedangkan menurut teori hermeneutik, perasaan asing biasanya disebabkan 'pleb perbedaan bahasa, fisik, dan kebudayaan. Barat memandang rendah Timur, karena perbedaan-perbedaan yang ada tidak dilihat.
My thesis is about American Native representation as dac 1-'re/m1e (the Other) in adventure story Winnetou by Karl May. On 1893, Karl May published the first installment of Winnetou Trilogy and actually was the last part of the trilogy. My thesis uses post-colonialism as the main theory and inter culture hermeneutic as research method. In post-colonialism, the West colonized the Orient culturally by representing the Orient as the Other (das Frenule). According to hermeneutic theory, alienation is caused by language, physic and culture differences. Those differences were not considered by the West as something neutral and equal, instead they considered the Orient inferior, thus it is a justification of colonialism in the Orient and by educating them they show the superiority of the Western culture. In Winnetou, American Native of Apache and Kiowa were the representation of the Orient, while Old Shatterhand and Klekih-petra were the representation of the West. Through books, journals, and travel diaries used by Karl May, we see May's description of American Native people and culture by using stereotyped jargons American Native by European. |
