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Orangutans are arboreal, semi solitary, and frugivor primates. Theyspend the majority of their time consuming fruits. The percentage of fruitconsumption reaches 60–70 % of the total feeding time. The fluctuating fruitavailability in the nature significantly impacts the orangutan’s nutritionalintake. When fruits are available in low amounts, orangutans will use their fatstorage to produce energy. The final result of the fat metabolism is ketonebodies, which can be detected in the orangutan’s urine.Tuanan is a secondary forest that would be an interesting valuable sitefor comparative studies, to ensure whether a certain type of habitat impactsthe orangutan’s behavior and its necessity for food. The objectives of thisresearch were (1) to observe the orangutan’s daily activity, food proportion,as well as the presence of ketone bodies in the orangutan’s urine, and (2) toensure whether fruit availability affects those values.Data were collected from the following 12 orangutans (5 nonreproductivefemales, 1 reproductive female, 3 flanged males and 3unflanged males) using instantaneous focal animal sampling method. The proportion of time spent in feeding, resting, moving, nesting, and socialactivity were 61,20%, 27,08%, 10,30%, 1,24% and 0,18%, respectively.Significant difference was obtained only in moving activity. Social activity hassignificant correlation with fruit availability.From this research, food proportion consisted of fruits (50,94%),leaves (27,24%), vegetative (9,87%), flowers (5,42%), cambium (3,65%),insects (2,80%), and others (0,08%). There was different proportion in flowerintake based on gender and social class. Proportion of fruit consumption inorangutans was significantly correlated with fruit availability.From 116 orangutans' urine samples, ketone bodies were only found innon-reproductive females. The female had just given birth to her firstoffspring. There was no significant correlation between the presence ofketone bodies in orangutans with fruit availability. |
