ABSTRAK
pajak yang reguleren kurang diperhatikan. Padahal apabila kedua fungsi pajak tersebutdilaksanakan secara sinkron (selaras), maka tidak saja pemerintah mendapat dana yangdiharapkan tetapi tujuan Iain dan pengenaan pajak, misalnya dalam bidang pertananan dapattercapai.Dalam fungsinya yang budgeter, pungutan pajak tanah (PBB) sebagaimana diatur daIam Undang Undang Nomor 12 tahun 1986 dengan Sistem Informasi Obyek Pajaknya telahberhasil. Hal tersebut dapat diketahui dengan adanya kenaikan reailisasi penerimaan sebesar23.8% per tahun dalam Repelita IV.Untuk menentukan besar kecilnya pajak tanah yang terhutang, data dan Badan Pertanahan Nasional sangat membantu karena informasi yang diperoleh Iebin akurat, namunmengingat obyek tanah terdaftar balum mencapai kurang Iebih 20 % dari seluruh tanah yangada di Indonesia yang seharusnya terdaftar, maka PBB untuk kepentingan pengenaanpajaknya telah menetapkan suatu sistem yang dirancang khusus untuk pendataan, penilaian,penetapan dan pemungutan pajak.Untuk pemerataan pendapatan maka sebaiknya bea balik nama atas tanah dan/ataubangunan perlu dihidupkan kembali termasuk pengalihan hak atas harta warisan serta hibahyang berdasarkan Undang Undang Pajak Penghasilan telah dibebaskan pengenaannya,sehingga diharapkan penumpukan kekayaan yang berlebihan dapat dicegah. Demikian pula pajak yang dikenakan atas kenaikan nilai tanah (capital gain) sebagaimana diatur dafam PP. Nomar 48/1994 perlu disempumakan, sehingga selain berguna bagi penerimaan negara hal tersebut akan berguna bagi ketertiban administrasi pertananan, perpajakan serta diharapkan dapat mencegah usaha manpulasi dan spekulasi tanah.Suatu koordinasi yang baik antara instansi terkait yaitu Direktur Jenderal Pajak, dan Pertanahan Nasionai (BPN), Pemerintah Daerah dan Dinas Pekerjaan Umum sangat dibutunkan seningga tidak terdapat tumpang tindih dalam pengaturan dan penerapan serta efisiensi untuk dilaksanakan.
Abstract
This dissertation analyzes the problem oi land taxation as an instrument of synchronizing land based tax policies and land policies in indonesia.
ABSTRACT
Considering the research of this dissertation provides that the law of the land and building tax as a property tax in indonesia, has just used to generate revenue for State?s Budget, but as a tool of redistribution of income and controlling the use of land to be uiilitized more optimally has not been implemented yet.A historicall research of the development of land based tax policies in indonesia as well as comparison with another countries gives the possibility for the government of indonesia to form new policies in land taxation, so that the land policies which is political will of the govemment may be attained, that is the reorganization of land reform in indonesia which has the goal of utilitizing land in accordance with its potential, besides limiting the ownership or occupation ofexcess land for speculation purposes. Based on the state?s souvereignity over land as enacted in article 33, paragraph 3 of the UUD 1945 juncto Article 2 UUPA (Basic Agrarian Law) and several guidance from GBHN and REPELITA (Five Years Development Planning) constitute the right of the govemment to organize the land use as well as levying taxes on land.Meanwhile the government tries to increase the revenue of State's Budget from tax sector, because the govemment could not depend on oil and LNG anymore, due to that oil and LNG are non-renewable resources and the unpredictable influence ot fluctuation of the said prices from other countries.Considering that, the capital demand for development is growing rapidly every year, the budgetaire function of tax is more occured, comparing with the other function ot tax, that is a regulate function. if the two functions of taxation are implemented synchronize, the government will receive the revenue from land taxation as well as the goal of the land policy can also be achieved.The budgetaire function of land and building tax (PBB) as enacted in Law No. 12/1986 with the information management system of tax object (Sistem lntormasi Objek Pajaic - SlSMlOP) has been succeeded, the effort can been seen by the increasing revenue with the persentage of 23,8% during REPELITA lV.To determine the taxable value of land, the data collected from the Agrarian Oltice (BPN) will have the positive impact because the information from the land registration are more accurate, but in meantime the registered land is still 20% of supposed aggregate land in indonesia, so PBB for the purpose of levying the tax has stipulated a system especially designed for data collecting, evaluation assesrnent and tax collection.To achieve a better redistribution of income the transfer tax of regristration of ownership of land and building as well as over inheritance and gilt, which that later matter are exempted from the levying tax according to income Tax in indonesia.lt has mention above that the tax levied on increased land value as regulated in the govemtment regulation Number 48/1994 need to be revised, so that besides the tax used for governments budget, it is also useful for the law and order in land administration and preventing from land speculation and manipulation.An inter-institutional coordination mechanism should be esttablished among related institutions e.g; Directorate General ot Tax, The Agrarian Ottice (BPM), The Departement of Public Works and the Local Govemment, so it is expected that there will be no overlapping between them and efficiency will be realized. |
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