Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk menyelidiki kandungan alkaloida dari kulit batang Actinodaphne pruinosa Nees, A. sphaerocarpa (Bl) Nees dan daun Cryptocarya ferrea BI serta uji bioaktivitas terhadap Plasmodium falciparum, Artemia salina Leach dan sel murine P-388. Alkaloida diekstraksi menggunakan metode asam basa. lsolasi alkaloida dilakukan dengan cara kromatograti kolom menggunakan silika gel sebagai fasa diam dan campuran diklorometana dan metanol sebagai larutan pengelusi. Struktur molekul dari alkaloida yang diisolasi ditentukan dengan menggunakan data spektroskopi UV, FTIR, ?H NMR, 13C NMR dan MS. Lima alkaloida baru; (+)-(R)-N-(2- hidroksipropil)-lindcarpin (pruinosin A), (+)-(S)-N-(2-hidroksipropil)-lindcarpin (pruinosin B), (+)-(R)-N-(2-hidroksipropil)-laurolitsin (pruinosin C), (+)-(S)-N-(2-hidroksipropil)-Iaurolitsin (pruinosin D) dan (-)-N?-desmetil-grisabin, berhasil diisolasi dari kulit batang A. pruinosa bersama dengan tujuh alkaloida yang sudah dikenal, Iindcarpln, N-metillindcarpin, Iaurolitsin, boldin, (+)-thaligrisin, (-)-dauricin, (-)-0,0-dimetil-grisabin. Laurotetanin, N-metillaurotetanin, isoboldin, actinodaphnin, N-metilactinodaphnin, corydin dan norcorydin diisolasi dari kulit batang A. sphaerocarpa serta dua alkaloida Iainnya nordicentrin dan dicentrinon diisolasi dari daun Cryptocalya ferrea. Ekstrak alkaloida dari kulit batang A. pruinosa dan A. sphaerocarpa aktif terhadap larva udang Artemia salina dengan nilai LC50 berturut-turut 106,5 μg/ml. dan 126.7 μg/mL. Ekstrak alkaloida kulit batang A. pruinosa dan sényawa hasil isolasinya; pruinosin A, aktif terhadap sel murine P-388 dengan IC50 berturut- turut 5.1 dan 3,9 μg/mL, sedangkan ekstrak alkaloida A. shaerocarpa, pruinosin B, C, D, dan lindcarpin serta (-)-0,0-dimetil-grisabin tidak aktif dengan IC50 berturut-turut 34,2, 24,0, 38,0, 52,0, 18,0, dan 10,0 μg/ mL. Aktivitas terhadap P. falciparum dijumpai pada ekstrak alkaloida A. shaerocafpa dengan nilai |650 2,5 x 10° |1gImL. namun ekstrak alkaloida A. pruinosa tidak memperlihatkan aktivitas tarhadap P. falciparum.
This work was carried out to investigate alkaloid constituents from the stem bark of Actinodaphne pruinosa Nees, A. sphaerocarpa (BI) Nees , the leaves of Cryptocarya fenea Bl, and their bioactivities against Plasmodium falciparum, Artemia salina Leach and murine cells P-388. The alkaloids were extracted by acid-base methods and isolated by column chromatography on silica gel and eluted with a mixture of CH2Cl2-methanol as a solvent system. The structure of alkaloids were established using spectroscopy data: UV, FTlR, 1H NMR, 13C NMR and MS. Five new alkaloids, (+)-(R)-N-(2-hydroxypropyl)-lindcarpine (pruinosine A), (+)-(S)-N-(2-hydroxypropyI)-Iindcarpine (pruinosine B), (+)-(R)-N-(2-hydroxypropyl)-laurolitsine (pruinosine C), (+)-(S)-N-(2-hydroxypropyl)-laurolitsine (pruinosine D) and (-)-N?-desmethyl-grisabine were isolated from the stem bark of A. pruinosa together with seven known alkaloids, lindcarpine, N-methyllindcarpine, laurolitsine, boldine, (+)-thaligrisine, (-)-dauricine, and (-)-0,0-dimethyl-grisabine. Seven known alkaloids, laurotetanine, N-metillaurotetanine, isoboldine, actinodaphnine, N-methylactinodaphnine, corydine and norcorydine, were isolated from the stem bark of A. sphaenocarpa (Bl) Nees, and two another known alkaloids, nordicentrine and dicentrinone, were isolated from Cryptocarya ferrea. The crude alkaloid extract of A. pruinosa and A. sphaerocarpa were active against Artemia salina with LCM 106.5 and 126.7 pg/mL respectively. The crude alkalcid extract of A. pruinosa and pniinosine A were active against murine cells P-388 with lC50 5.1 and 3.9 pg/mL respectively. The crude alkalold extract of A. sphaemcarpa, pruinosine B, C, D, lindcarpine, and (-)-0,0-dimethyl-grisabine are inactive against murine cells P-388 with lC5° 34.2, 24.0, 38.0, 52.0, 16.0, and 10.0 μg/mL respectively. The activity against P. faiciparum was showed by the crude alkaloid extract of A. sphaerocarpa with IC50 2.5 x 10-5 μg/mL, but no effect was showed by crude alkaloid extract of A. pruinosa. |
