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Many studies of the history of South East Asian countries(particularly indonesia) never or just pay a seam attention an the writing ofthe history (historiography) fries to raise the demographic issues. If is thencomprehensible that inadequate understanding of the issues does nat bringabout a significant change in the course of the historiographic processes inSouth East Asian. The demographic issues may be not given or a new forsocial .sciences such as anthropology, sociology, and geography.Conversely, demography becomes increasingly special when the historyuses it to reconstruct the past events. The existing experiences pieced mareemphasis an the demographic issues as set of figures from time to timehaving no significant roles in disclosing the historical events, Thedemographic issues generally represent smallest effects compared withother political issues, war, ethical conflict, and the major issues havingsubstantive effects. The understanding and reconstruction of the history asthe past events are more often interpreted as dialogical process between thestate and power. The history of identification with social reality ofdemography is only accommodated a small pattern of various historiesissues which in general is strictly confined to romanticism of the nationpeople without demographic sense, This might he the Case since the dataindicate the high population growth, high birth, and high immortality in thepast. In general, women and children living in several residencies such asKedu, Surakarta, and Surabaya have lower survival rate in the course ofthe second half of the nineteenth century throughout twentieth century asreflected in mortality rate experienced by two groups (women and Children)in several different places Such as in Kedu, Surakarta, and Surabaya in1916-1921. However, there is a serious problem in the source validity related to quantitive where some historians are still doubt abouttheir consistencies. Therefore, to overcome vacancy in the sources of datain several periods, some historians use the oral sources through interview asthey do in revealing some problems in Surabaya. This method isparticularly undertaken by combining quantitative and qualitative sources |
