ABSTRAK
Disertasi ini menguraikan tentang terjadinya perebutan kekuasaan di Kesultanan Palembang. Dalam perebutan kekuasaan tersebut melibatkan dua saudara kandung (Sultan Badaruddin II dan Sultan Najamuddin II), juga melibatkan dua negara asing yaitu Inggris dan Belanda. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan Narativisme untuk menjelaskan terjadinya konflik (internal dan eksternal) di Kesultanan tersebut. Kajian ini menemukan bahwa kehadiran Inggris pada April 1812 di Kesultanan Palembang, memunculkan permusuhan antara dua orang kakak beradik tersebut, sehingga Palembang jatuh ke tangan Inggris. Sejak itu permusuhan dua bersaudara terus berlangsung sampai keduanya wafat. Sesuai isi Traktat London (1814), dinyatakan Inggris harus keluar dari Palembang, sehingga Palembang kembali berada di bawah pengaruh pemerintah kolonial Belanda. Kehadiran Belanda di Kesultanan Palembang, menyebabkan Belanda membagi tiga kekuasaan yairu Belanda, Sultan Badaruddin II, dan adiknya Sultan Najamuddin II. Kembalinya pasukan Inggris dari Bengkulu, menyebabkan konflik di Palembang menjadi semakin rumit. Konflik yang terjadi tidak saja antara dua saudara kandung, tetapi juga antara Sultan Najamuddin II dan Belanda, serta Belanda dan Inggris. Perang, merupakan alternatif penting yang terjadi di Kesultanan Palembang. Dua kali peperangan (1819) dimenangkan oleh Palembang, namun pada peperangan ketiga (1821), Palembang harus mengakui keunggulan kekuatan militer Belanda. Sejak itu Kesultanan Palembang berada di bawah kendali pemerintah kolonial Belanda. Usaha Sultan Najamuddin III untuk melakukan perlawanan mengalami kegagalan, sehingga kesultanan itu dihapuskan (1825).
ABSTRACT
This dissertation describes about the occurrence of. The seizure involved two brothers (Sultan Badaruddin II dan Sultan Najamuddin II) and two foreign countries, those are England and Netherland. This research used Narrativism approach in order to explain the occurrence of conflict (external and internal) in that Sultanate. It was found that the attendance of British in April 1812 in Palembang Sultanate led to a hostility between the two brothers (Sultan Badaruddin II dan Sultan Najamuddin II). It made Palembang was under the power of British. The hostility between the two brothers continued until both of them passed away. Based on the London Treaty (1814), it was stated that British had to leave out Palembang so that Palembang was returned back to the power of Dutch colonial. The Dutch then divided Palembang Sultanate into three powers, the Dutch, Sultan Badaruddin II, and his brother Sultan Najamuddin II. However, the return of British from Bengkulu led to a more complicated conflict in Palembang. The conflict was not only between the two brothers, but also between Sultan Najamuddin II and the Dutch and between the Dutch and the British. Finally, the war was the only option for the conflict in Palembang Sultanate. The war happened three times, the first and second war (1819) were won by Palembang, however the Dutch military power conquered the power of Palembang Sultanate in the third war (1821). Since then, the Palembang Sultanate was under the control of the Dutch colonial government. It was Sultan Najamuddin III who continued fighting against the Dutch, however the struggle failed. Finally, Palembang Sultanate was completely removed (1825). |
