ABSTRAK
Risiko Kurang Energi Kronis (KEK) berdampak terhadap ibu dan calon bayi yangdikandungnya. Dampak tersebut antara lain kesakitan pada trimester 3 kehamilan,perdarahan, BBLR, kematian ibu dan bayi, dll. Penelitian ini bertujuan untukmengetahui faktor dominan yang berhubungan dengan risiko KEK ibu hamil remajausia 15-19 tahun di Kota Pontianak. Penelitian dilakukan selama bulan Maret ? April2010) di 23 puskesmas menggunakan desain cross sectional dengan jumlah sampel104 orang. Data primer merupakan wawancara data karakteristik ibu, tingkatpengetahuan, kondisi sosio ekonomi, asupan zat gizi serta aktifitas fisik. Datadianalisis menggunakan uji regresi logistik. Proporsi ibu hamil remaja usia 15-19tahun risiko KEK sebesar 56,7%. Terdapat hubungan antara usia menarche, asupanenergi, asupan protein dan aktivitas fisik dengan risiko KEK. Asupan proteinmerupakan faktor dominan setelah dikontrol variabel usia menarche, gynecologicalage (GA), tingkat pendidikan suami, asupan energi dan aktifitas fisik. Ibu hamil usiaremaja dengan asupan protein < 80% AKG berpeluang 13,416 kali risiko KEKdibanding ibu hamil usia remaja dengan asupan protein ≥ 80% AKG. Upayapencegahan risiko KEK dapat dilakukan dengan melakukan intervensi terhadapwanita usia reproduktif sebelum kehamilan termasuk meningkatkan asupan nutriendan meningkatkan berat badan sebelum kehamilan.
Abstract
Risk of chronic energy deficiency (CED) affected to mother and their fetuses.Impacts of CED are include pain in the third trimester of pregnancy, bleeding, lowbirth weight (LBW), death in mother and baby, etc. This study purpose to determinethe most dominant factors correlated with CED risk on pregnant adolescents aged15-19 years in Pontianak. Research conducted on March ? April 2010 in 23th healthcenters and study design was done using cross sectional and subjects were 104.Primary data taken in the form of interview for the data characteristics of pregnantadolescent, the level of knowledge, socio-economic conditions, nutrient intake(energy and protein) and physical activity. Data analyzed using logistical regression. The proportion of pregnant adolescents aged 15-19 years amounted to 56.7% risk ofCED. Multivariate analysis showed the correlation between age of menarche, energyintake, protein intake and physical activity with risk of CED. Protein intake is themost dominant factor correlated with CED risk on pregnant adolescents aged 15-19years in Pontianak in year 2010 after being controlled by the age of menarche,gynecological age (GA), husband's education level, energy intake and physicalactivity. Pregnant adolescent with protein intake <80% RDA were 13,416 timesmore likely to have risk CED than there with protein intake ≥ 80% RDA. Preventionof risk CED on pregnant adolescent can be done by intervention before pregnancyincluding increase intake nutrient and weight gain. |
