ABSTRAK
Batuk yang muncul saat induksi anestesi merupakan sesuatu yang tidak diharapkan, terutama pada kasus dengan peningkatan tekanan intrakranial, peningkatan tekanan intraocular, open eye injury, retinal detachmen peningkatan tekanan intra abdomen, eneurisma aorta, pneumothoraks, hipereaktivitas jalan napas dan sebagainya. Kejadian reflek batuk setelah pemberian bolus fentanyl intravena / fentanyl induce cough ( FIC) telah dilaporkan berkisar antara 18 sampai 65 persen kasus. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui efek pemberian pre-emptive fentanyl 25 μg intravena terhadap kejadian batuk setelah bolus fentanyl 2 μg/kgBB intravena (Fentanyl Induce Cough). Penelitian ini merupakan uji klinis acak tersamar ganda, bersifat eksperimental dan ditujukan untuk menguji keefektifan pemberian pre-emptive fentanyl 25 μg intravena sebelum bolus fentanyl 2 μg/kgBB intravena dalam hal mengurangi kekerapan Fentanyl Induce Cough (FIC). Pasien dirandomisasi sederhana dengan menggunakan kertas undian yang telah dibuat menjadi 2 kelompok yaitu kelompok yang akan mendapat injeksi intravena normal salin 0,5 ml dan diikuti fentanyl 2 μg/kgBB (kelompok I) serta injeksi intravena fentanyl 25 μg, diikuti fentanyl 2 μg/kgBB (kelompok II). Variabel yang diukur adalah insiden batuk dan derajad batuk yang muncul setelah bolus intravena fentanyl 2 μg/kgBB. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan pemberian pre-emptive fentanyl 25 μg intravena satu menit sebelum bolus intravena fentanyl 2 μg/kgBB walaupun menunjukkan kecenderungan menurunkan kejadian FIC dari 40 % menjadi 15%, akan tetapi secara statistik tidaklah bermakna. Kesimpulan dari penelitian ini bahwa pemberian pre-emptive fentanyl 25 μg dapat menurunkan insiden FIC (Fentanyl Induce Cough). Akan tetapi penurunannya secara statistik tidak bermakna.
ABSTRACT
Cough induced by induction of anesthesia is something that is not expected, especially in the condition such as increase of intracranial pressure, increase of intraocular pressure, open eye injury, retinal detachment, increase of intra-abdominal pressure, aorta aneurism, pneumothorax, airway hyper-reactivity etc. Cough reflex occurring after bolus of fentanyl intravenously (fentanyl-induced cough/FIC) is reported in 18 until 65% of cases. The goal of this research is to know the effect of pre-emptive intravenous fentanyl 25 μg to cough incidence after bolus of intravenous fentanyl 2 μg/kgBW. This research is a double-blind experimental study that studies the effectivity of intravenous fentanyl 25 μg before bolus intravenous of fentanyl 2 μg/kgBW to reduce the incidence of fentanyl-induced cough (FIC). The patients were divided into two groups with simple randomized method. One group received normal saline 0,5 cc first and then fentanyl 25 μg/kgBW (group I). The other group received intravenous injection of 25 μg fentanyl followed by intravenous bolus of fentanyl 2 μg/kgBw (group II). The variables measured were cough incidence and cough degree which occurred after bolus of intravenous fentanyl 2 μg/kgBW. The result of this research described that even though giving pre-emptive intavenous fentanyl 25 μg, one minute before bolus intravenous fentanyl 2 μg/kgBW can reduce the FIC incidence from 40% to 15%, but was not statistically significant. The conclusion of this research is that the giving pre-emptive fentanyl 25 μg tend to decrease FIC incidence, even though the decrease is not statistically significant. |
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