Latar belakang: Thalassemia merupakan kelainan genetik yang paling banyak ditemukan di seluruh dunia. Penyakit ini dapat menimbulkan berbagai masalah dan kelainan berbagai organ tubuh, termasuk pada rongga mulut. Tujuan: memperoleh gambaran mengenai kelainan yang terjadi pada rongga mulut pasien thalassemia mayor di Pusat Thalassemia RSCM. Metode: Penelitian cross-sectional terhadap 76 pasien thalassemia mayor yang berusia diatas 12 tahun. Data didapat dengan melakukan pemeriksaan klinis dan wawancara terstruktur menggunakan panduan kuesioner. Hasil: Keluhan subyektif dalam rongga mulut yang sering dialami adalah: serostomia, diikuti dengan sariawan berulang, bibir mengelupas dan pecah-pecah, serta gusi berdarah. Prevalensi kelainan klinis yang ditemukan meliputi: inkompetensi bibir (25,0%); malokusi: klas I (40,79%), klas II (51,32%) dan klas III (3,95%); higiene oral buruk (67,11%), dan gingivitis (82,89%). Nilai rata-rata DMF-T adalah 4,97. Kondisi dan lesi patologik mukosa mulut yang paling banyak ditemukan adalah pigmentasi mukosa (69,74%), diikuti dengan depapilasi lidah (56,58%), mukosa ikterik (52,63%), cheilosis/cheilitis (50,0%), mukosa pucat (44,74%), erosi/deskuamasi mukosa (44,74%), stomatitis aftosa rekuren (15,79%), glositis defisiensi (14,47%) dan perdarahan gingiva (11,84%). Kesimpulan: Maloklusi, higiene oral buruk, gingivitis, serostomia, pigmentasi mukosa, depapilasi lidah, mukosa ikterik, dan cheilosis/cheilitis, merupakan masalah yang paling umum ditemukan pada pasien thalassemia mayor dalam penelitian ini, namun indeks karies gigi terlihat rendah.
Background: Thalassemia is the most common genetic disorders worldwide. The disease can cause various problems and disorders of various organs of the body, including in the oral cavity. Objective: to describe the oral cavity disorders in patients with major thalassemia in Thalassemia Centre at Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital. Methods: cross-sectional study involved 76 patients with major thalassemia over 12 years of age. Data obtained by clinical examination and structured interviews using guidance from quistionnare. Results: Oral subjective symptom which is often experienced is xerostomia, followed by recurrent aphthous stomatitis, cheilosis/cheilitis, and gingival bleeding. Prevalence of clinical findings consist of: incompetence of lips (25%); malocclusion: class I (40,79%), class II (51,32%) and class III (3,94%); poor oral hygiene (67,11), gingivitis (82,89%). DMF-T score was 4,97. Conditions and pathologic lesions more frequently seen are pigmentation of mucosa (69,74%), followed by depapillation of tongue (56,58%), icterus of mucosa (52,63%), cheilosis/cheilitis (50%), pallor of mucosa (44,74%), erosion/desquamation of mucosa (44,74%), recurrent aphthous stomatitis (15,79%), glossitis deficiency (14,47%), and gingival bleeding (11,84%). Conclusion: Malocclusion, poor oral hygiene, gingivitis, xerostomia, pigmentation of mucosa, depapillation of tongue, icterus of mucosa, and cheilosis/cheilitis, were most prevalent problems in patients with major thalassemia in this study; nevertheless, dental caries show low index. |
T35045-Surya Nelis.pdf :: Unduh