Demam berdarah dengue (DBD) merupakan masalah kesehatan masyarakat di Kecamatan Bayah, Provinsi Banten sehingga perlu dilakukan pemberantasan sarang nyamuk (PSN) DBD. Agar PSN tepat sasaran warga perlu dibekali pengetahuan dengan penyuluhan mengenai PSN. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengevaluasi efek penyuluhan terhadap tingkat pengetahuan warga serta kepadatan vektor DBD. Penelitian ini menggunakan desain eksperimental dengan intervensi penyuluhan. Pre-test dilakukan pada bulan Agustus 2009 terhadap 106 warga desa Bayah dan post-test pada bulan Oktober 2009. Data dikumpulkan dengan wawancara dilanjutkan survei entomologi dengan single larval method lalu diidentifikasi secara mikroskopis. Data dianalisis dengan marginal homogeneity test. Hasil pre-test menunjukkan, 64,2% warga berpengetahuan kurang hanya 11,3% yang baik; sesuai dengan tingkat pendidikan yang rendah dan ekonomi yang kurang. Setelah penyuluhan 14% warga berpengetahuan baik dan 54% kurang yang secara statistik bermakna (p = 0,001). Dari survei entomologi diperoleh container index (CI) 18% dan house index (HI) 52% yang menunjukkan tingginya kepadatan dan penyebaran vektor. Setelah penyuluhan CI menjadi 16% dan HI 42% tetapi penurunan tersebut tidak berbeda bermakna (CI, p = 0,523; HI, p = 0,174) dan masih di atas index WHO. Disimpulkan penyuluhan meningkatkan tingkat pengetahuan warga mengenai PSN tetapi tidak menurunkan kepadatan vektor sehingga Bayah masih tetap berisiko tinggi DBD.
Dengue Haemorrhagic Fever (DHF) is a public health problem in Bayah, Banten Province thus, control of mosquitoes breeding sites (CMBS) and health education is necessary. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of health education on people?s level of knowledge on CMBS and the density of Ae. aegypti. This study involved 106 villagers from Bayah in August (pretest) and October (postest) 2009. Data was collected through questionnaires, followed by observation of containers available in the house using single larval method and identified microscopically. Data was analyzed using marginal homogeneity test. The result showed, 64.2% and 1.3% villagers had poor and good knowledge on CMBS. This finding was in accordance to their education level and socio-economic status. After education, there were 14% had good and 54% poor knowledge (p = 0,001). Container index (CI) and house index (HI) were 18% and 52% respectively, suggesting high density of Ae. aegypti in that area. Following health education, CI and HI became 16% and 42% which were still above WHO level of indicator; which gave no significant difference in CI (p = 0,523) and HI (p = 0,174). In conclusion, the level of knowledge increased after health education which was not followed by significant decrease in vector density, suggesting Bayah is still categorized as highly transmitted area of DHF. |
