Hasil pemeriksaan laboratorium yang cepat dan akurat sangat penting untuk pengarnbilan keputusan bagi dokter. Kesalahan hasil pemeriksaan laboratorium akan berdampak pada kesalahan dokter dalam mendiagnosis suatu penyakit serta penatalaksanaan pasien (pemantauan jalannya penyaldt dan evaluasi efektivitas pengobatan). Untuk itu upaya mencegah atau meminimalisasi faktor-faktor penyebab kesalahan analisis, harus dilkukan dengan kegiatan pengendalian mutu balk internal maupun eksternaI (uji profisiensi). Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui faktor dominan pada kinerja laboratorium klinik di Provinsi Jawa Barat yang berperan dalam penyimpangan hasil pemeriksaan melalui uji profiiensi. Desain penelitian adalah cross sectional dengan pendekatan kuantitatif. Responden adalah petugas laboratorium klinik peserta uji profisiensi. Sampel penelitian berupa total populasi sebanyak 77 laboratorium. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan kuesioner dari melihat hasil evaluasi kegiatan pengendalian mutu eksternal laboratorium kesehatan provinsi Jawa Barat tahun 2007. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa faktor manusia, alat, lingkungan, dan sistem memiliki hubungan yang bermakna dengan kinerja laboratorium. Hasil analisa multivariat menunjukan bahwa faktor manusia raerupakan faktor dominan penyebab kesalahan analisis di laboratorium klinik. Studi ini menyarankan agar pimpinan laboratorium dan dinas kesehatan provinsi Jawa Barat lebih meningkatkan kualitas tenaga laboratoriuna dengan mengikutsertakan path program pendidikan berkelanjutan sesuai keahlian dan spesifikasi pekerjaannya.
A quick and precise clinical laboratory examination result was very important for a physician in making medical decision. Any inaccuracies of laboratory results could affect the medical decision suggested by the physician and as well as for the effectiveness of patient treatment.There were some efforts proposed to minimize laboratory examination inaccuracy, i.e., internal quality control and external quality control, called as proficiency test. The research objectives were to determine any factors which are involved in making of any inaccuracy in some clinical laboratories in West Java Province, using proficiency test. The research was designed as a quantitative approach of cross-sectional method. Respondents who involved in the research were laboratory technicians (called health analyst) taken from seventy-seven (77) clinical laboratories located around West Java Province. Data collecting were conducted using interviewing and questionnaires check-list, and also secondary data collecting from West Java Health Laboratory External Quality Control Program conducted in year 2007. The results have been concluded that individual skills (human factor), laboratory equipments, job environments and laboratory management system show a significant correlation with the laboratory performance. Statistical multivariate analysis has determined that individual skill (human factors) was as dominant factor in making inaccuracy of laboratory examination result. Based of the conclusion and discussion, the research recommended that West Java Health Agency and related stakeholders could make some efforts in improvement of laboratory's individual quality which is can be realized with academic upgrading based on their specific jobs. |
