Derajat kesehatan masyarakat merupakan salah satu indikator kesejahteraan suatu bangsa. Upaya yang dilakukan di bidang kesehatan adalah dengan meningkatkan umur harapan hidup, dengan cam menurunkan Angka Kcmatian Ibu (AKI) dan Angka Kematian Bayi (AKB). Dibanding ncgara- negara ASEAN, AKI dan AKB di Indonesia masih tinggi, demikian juga kondisi AKI dan AKB di Jawa Barat, termasuk di Kabupatcn Karawang. Pelayanan antenatal merupakan salah satu intervensi kesehatan yang paling cfektif untuk pencegahan kesakitan dan kematian ibu. Kematian ibu dapat dicegah bila komplikasi dan keadaan resiko tinggi kehamilan dapat dideteksi sejak dini melalui pemeriksaan antenatal sedini' mungkin. Hasil kegiatan yang dilakukan oleh bidan di desa Kabupaten Karawang dalam pelayanan antenatal (cakupan ANC KI dan K4}, menunjukkan adanya kesenjangan yang tinggi. Hal ini merupakan indikator bahwa kincda bidan di desa masih belum baik. Tujuan peneiitian ini untuk mengetahui hubungan antara pengetahuan, pengalaman, tempat tinggal, motivasi, kelengl-:apan alat, supervisi dan klasiiikasi desa dengan kinerja bidan di desa dalam pelayanan antenatal. Penelitian ini menggunakan rancangan cross sectional, dengan populasi semua bidan di desa sebanyak 305 respondcn. Sampel penelitian semua populasi, yang berhasil didata sebanyak 289 responden. Pengumpulan data dilaksanakan pada bulan Maret-April 2008, di Kabupatcn Karawang, dengan wawancara dan menggunakan kuesioner. Analisis univariat dengan mcmbuat distribusi frekuensi masing-masing variabel, analisis bivariat dengan uji kai kuadrat dan analisis multivariat dengan uji regresi logistik ganda dengan kriteria kemaknaan p<0,0S. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa proporsi bidan di desa yang mempunyai kinerja kurang (49,8%),. sedikit Iebih rendah dibanding bidan di desa yang mempunyai kinerja baik (50,2%). Hasil analisis bivariat menunjukkan bahwa variabel pengetahuan tentang umur kehamilan dan fokus supervisi berhubungan signifikan dengan kinerja bidan di desa. Hasil analisis multivariat menunjukkan bahwa variabel fokus supervisi bcrhubungan signifikan dengan kinerja bidan di desa. Bidan di desa dengan fokus supervisi kurang akan berpeluang mempunyai kineqja kurang, 1,7 kali lcbih besar dibanding bidan di desa dengan fokus supervisi baik. Berdasarkan basil pcnelitian, penulis merekomendasikan saran sebagai berikut: Bagi Puskesmas dan Dinas Kesehatan perlu meningkatkan supervisi dengan cara mcmbuat jndnval supervisi, cek list, kemudian didiskusikan, sampai terbentuk formulasi tentang masalah yang ada, menentukan penycbab masalah, prioritas dan membuat langkah- langkah perbaikan, membuat komitmen bersama untuk pcrbaikan, melakukan pelatihan bagi pctugas supervisi, kemudian melakukan uji coba, menilai hasi I yang dicapai dan menentukan tindak Ianj ut bcrikutnya. Bagi bidan di desa perlu memahami kembali tentang tujuan, wewenang, lugas pokok dan fungsi sebagai bidan di desa, meningkatkan kerjasama, lebih proaktif dan meningkatkan .sq/T skiil. Bagi masyarakat perlu kexjasama dan partisipasinya dalam pelayanan antenatal. Bagi peneliti lain perlu dilakukan penelitian tentang fokus supervisi untuk meninkatkan kinerja bidan di desa dalam pelayanan antenatal dengan wawancara independen dan tentang kinerja bidan di desa secam komprehensif.
The level of public health is one of the indicators related to the wealth of society. One of the efforts being done in the health subject is to increase the age life expectancy by reducing the matemal mortality rate (MMR) and neonatal mortality rate (NMR). Comparing to the other ASEAN countries, Indonesia’s MMR and NMR are still high, and so docs for of West .lava’s MMR and NMR, including Karawang regcncy. Antenatal care is one of the most effective health interver' veventing the matemal morbidity and mortality. Matemal mortality ca- vented, if complication and high risk conditions are detected early by anten. are. Activity result of village midwives on antenatal care in Karawang rcgency (including ANC KI dan K4) shows high discrepancy; which indicates that village midwives performances is not yet good. The research objective is to tind out the link between knowledge, experience, residence, motivation, full-equipments, supervision and village classification with village midwives' performances in the antenatal care. This research of cross sectional program, uses a population of all the village midwives which are 305 respondents. The sample is using all ofthe population, 289 are successiiilly recorded as data. The data collection is started from March until April 2008, in Karawang regency, through interview and questionnaire fonns. Univariate analysis by making frequency distribution of such variable, bivariate analysis by chi square test and multivariate analysis by multiregression logistic test with p va1ue<0,05. The research result shows that the proportion of the village midwives with low performance (49,8%) is almost the same as the village midwives with good performance (50,2%). The bivariate analysis shows variable knowledge of the age of pregnancy and supervision focus has significant relationship with the village midwives’ performance. The village midwives with less supervision focus have an opportunity to perfonn less by 1.7 times greater than the village midwives with good supervision focus. According to research results, writer recommends advises as the following: For the Public Health Center and Official Health needs an improvement on supervision by making supervision schedule, check list and continued with discussions, in order to find the formulation ofthe existing problem, the cause of the problem, priorities and developing solving steps, making commitment together to improve, conducting training for supervision officers, then conducting testing which evaluate the result and decide the next steps. For the village midwives, they need to understand the objectives, authority, the main function and responsibilities as village midwives, to improve teamwork, be more proactive and to improve soft skill. For the surrounding society, its teamwork and participation are importantly needed in the antenatal care. For other researchers, it is needed to carry on further researches about supervision focus to improve the village midwives performance in the antenatal care with independent interview and about comprehensive of the village midwives performance. |
