Pendahuluan: Dampak kesehatan akibat pajanan pelarut organik cukup serius baik yang bersifat akut maupun kronis. Pengendalian lingkungan kelja dan pemantauan kesehatan pekerja harus dilakukan sedini mungkin. Penggantian bahan pelarut organik dengan bahan lain yang lebih aman adalah pilihan terbaik untuk mengurangi dampak pada kesehatan pekelja. Namun pcnggantian bahan pelarut dengan bahan lain dapat berdampak pada proses produksi maupun mutu produksi. Oleh karena itu analisis dampak kesehatan pekelja sedini munglcin menjadi bagian yang sangat penting, sehingga ganggllan kesehatan pekcrja dapat diketahui secara dini untuk dilakukan penanganan. Metode: Menggunakan metode penelitian potong lintang (Cross-Sectional study). Variabcl bebas adalah kadar MBK di udara tempat kexja dan kadar MEK di dalam air seni. Variabel terikat berupa gangguan kesehatan {penyakit lculit, saluran napas, iritasi mata dan gejala dini gangguan sistem sarat), Data penelitian adalah data primer dan sekunder dari hasil pengukuxan, pemeriksaan dan catatan medis. Hasil: Kadar MEK di tempat kexja textinggi adalah 249 ppm, sedangkan pajanan terendah adalah 103 ppm. 30,2% responden ditemukan terpajan di alas NAB. Kadar IPB di dalam air scni tcrtinggi adalah 5,21 mg/1, sedangkan hasil terendah adalah 0,01 mg/l. Sebanyak 27,9% responden di atas IPB. Prevalensi gangguan kesehatan peke1ja akibat pajanan pelarut organik MEK adalah: penyakit kuiit (34,9%); penyakit saluran napas (55,8%); iritasi mata (4,7%); dan gejala dini gangguan sistem saraf (44,2%). Prevalensi gangguan kesehatan lebih banyak ditemukan pada pekerja yang terpajan MEK di atas NAB dibandingkan dengan di bawah atau sama dengan NAB. Kesimpulan: Hasil analisis muitivaliat membuktjkan adanya hubungan yang bermakna antara kadar MEK di udara tcmpat kcrja, kadar MEK di dalam air seni, status gizi dan lama kerja dengan gejala dini gangguan sistem sarai.
Introduction: The effect on health due to the exposure of Methyl Ethyl Ketone organic compound is a serious condition which related to acute and chronic eifccts. Exposure controlling work environments and monitoring the health status of employees must be done properly. Substituting the MEK organic compound with another safer substance is the best solution to reduce the health effect. However, it will give an impact to the product line and quality product. Early health effect detection is an important to find out the possibility of adverse health effect and manage the finding. Method: Cross-Sectional Study is thc method in this research. The independent variables are the level of MEK in the work place and the level of MEK in the urine. The dependent variables are health effects (skin diseases, respiratory tract, eye irritation and early neurotoxic symptom). The data are taken from the Primary and Secondary Sources that are obtained by conducting a measurement, a physical exam as well as collecting and analyzing the medical records. Results: The highest level of MBI( in the work place is 249 ppm and the lowest is 103 ppm. There are 30.2% respondents exposed to MEK above the Thresh Hold Limit Value (TLV). The highest Biological Exposure Index (BEI) urine is 5.2lmg/l and the lowest is 0.01 mg/l. There are 27.9% respondents with the level of MEK above the BEI. The prevalence of health effect due to the exposure of MEK is skin diseases (34.9%), 'respiratory tract diseases (55.8%), eye irritation (4.7%) and early neurotoxic symptom (44.2%). The prevalence of health problem is more Hequent to the respondents who are above the TLV than less than the TLV. Conclusion: Multivariate analysis indicated a significant correlation among MEK, BEI, nutritional status and length of work with early neurotoxic symptom. |
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