Evaluasi penggunaan pendekatan healthmap dalam mengkaji risiko bahan kimia, proyek kontruksi LNG, perusahaan X, tahun 2007
Elsye As Safira;
Sjahrul Meizar Nasri, supervisor; Tata Soemitra, examiner; Handoyo Hendrawan, examiner
([Publisher not identified]
, 2007)
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ABSTRAK Pendahuluan: Upaya pencegahan sakit akibat kerja karena pajanan bahankimia dapat dilakukan melalui program kesehatan kerja yang berbasis risiko.Kajian risiko penting bagi Proyek Konstruksi LNG. Pekerjaan yang bersifatjangka pendek, jumlah tenaga keria yang besar, Iokasi proyek di daerahterpencil dan dengan jenis pekerjaan yang sangat bervariasi serta dikerjakansecara simultan (SIMOPS) dapat menimbulkan berbagai macam risikokesehatan kerja melalui pajanan berbagai macam bahaya kesehatan termasukbahan-bahan kimia.Metode: Penelitian ini bersifat dekriptif dengan meiakukan evaluasi penggunaanpendekatan He-althMap dalam mengkaji risiko bahan kimia pada ProyekKonstruksi LNG di Perusahaan X yang dilakukan pada tahun 2007. Evaluasidilakukan dengan cara membandingkan hasil kajian risiko yang diperolehmelalui pendekatan Hea!thMap dengan hasil kajian risiko yang diperoleh melaluiStudi Iiteratur. Hasil telitian: ldentifikasi Hazard. Beberapa hazard bahan kimia tidakteridentifikasi seperti benlium, karbon monoksida, debu, gas, isocyanates. Tidakteridentirikasinya hazard tersebut karena kurangnya kompetensi pelaksana dantidak tersedianya alat bantu. Kaiian Pa'|anan. Faktor ketidakpastian cukup besarkarena tidak tersedianya data pajanan, kesulitan menentukan besar relatifpopulasi terpajan dan terbatasnya informasi untuk mengestimasi tingkatpajanan. Kaian dan Prioritisasi Risiko. Tingkat risiko Iebih ditentukan dari aspekkonsekuensi atau dampak kesehatan. Pnoritisasi diiakukan untuk menyesuaikandengan kemampuan proyek dalam melakukan tindak-Ianjut.Kesimpulanz ldentifikasi Hazard. (1) Pemberian alat bantu berupa daftarperiksa dapat membantu proses identiiikasi hazard. (2) Kompetensi pelaksanaidentifikasi hazard mempengaruhi hasil identihkasl. (3) Proses prioritisasi padatahap identitikasi hazard mengakibatkan tidak terkajinya beberapa hazardbahan kimia pada tahapan selanjutnya. Ka`|ian Pa'|anan. (1) Penentuan tingkatpajanan yang berdasarkan nilai ambang batas sulit untuk dipahami olehkaryawan yang non-specialist. (2) Kajian pajanan dilakukan dengan hanyamempertimbangkan besar relatif populasi berisiko. (3) Terdapat tingkatketidakpastian yang tinggi dalam menentukan besar pajanan tanpa datapengukuran lingkungan kerja. Kaiian dan Prioritisasi Risiko. (1) Penentuantingkat risiko berdasarkan tingkat hazard atau pajanan yang lebih tinggi sudahtepat. (2) Diperlukan kekuatan analisa assessor dalam menentukan tingkatrisiko. (3) Hasil Healthlvlap belum bisa dijadikan basis yang kuat dalampengembangan manajemen dan program kesehatan kerja. (3) HealthMapsebagai screening awal dalam kajian risiko dapat membantu perusahaan agardapat Iebih etisien dan efektif dalam melakukan manajemen risiko. ABSTRACT Introduction: Occupational illnesses due to exposure to chemicals can beprevented through risk»based occupational health programs. Therefore, riskassessments are important during the construction phase of the LNG project. Avariety of occupational health risks, including exposure to chemicals, can be theresult of:~ Short-term work activities,» Large numbers ofworkers,» Remote area locations, `~ Various types of work performed simultaneously (SIMOPS).Method: This research, conducted in 2007, is descriptive in nature and wascarried out by evaluating the implementation of the ?HealthMap" approach inassessing chemical risks during the construction phase of the LNG project atCompany X. This evaluation was conducted by comparing the results of thehealth risk assessment from the HealthMap approach and literature.Research results: Hazard Identitication: Several chemical hazards were notidentitied, such as beryllium, carbon monoxide, dust, gas, and isocyanates dueto a lack of competent skills of the personnel involved and unavailability ofhazard identification tools. Exposure Assessment: There was a great deal ofuncertainty due to an unavailability of data regarding exposure, dificulties inestimating the populations at risk and limited information available to estimatethe exposure levels in the workplace. _Risk Assessments and Prioritizations:Risk levels were determined by focusing more on the consequences rather thanthe effects of the hazards themselves. Prioritizations were determined to ensurethat the project is capable of implementing the risk control programs.Conclusions: Hazard Identification: (1) A checklist as a tool to identify hazardsis necessary to optimize this process. (2) The competencies of personnel whocany out the hazard identitications are critical in ensuring that the results are accurate. (3) Prioritization processes during the hazard identification may resultin the overlook of chemical hazard review in the next stage.Exposure Assessment: (1) Determining the exposure levels based on thresholdlimit value is difticult for non-specialist personnel to understand. (2) Exposureassessments are conducted by merely considering the relative numbers ofpeople at risk. (3) There is still a great deal of uncertainty about how todetermine the exposure levels without any access to workplace environmentalmonitoring data.Risk Assessments and Prioritizations; (1) Detennining risk levels based on morestringent level between the effects of hazards and exposure would be moresuitable. (2) Personnel with more highly developed analytical skills are requiredto determine the risk levels. (3) The HealthMap results are not adequate as abasis for developing occupational health management and programs. (3) UsingHealthlvlap as a preliminary screening to assess health risks can assist thecompany in becoming more efhcient and effective in managing risks. |
T34552-Elsye As Safira.pdf :: Unduh
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No. Panggil : | T34552 |
Entri utama-Nama orang : | |
Entri tambahan-Nama orang : | |
Entri tambahan-Nama badan : | |
Subjek : | |
Penerbitan : | [Place of publication not identified]: [Publisher not identified], 2007 |
Program Studi : |
Bahasa : | ind |
Sumber Pengatalogan : | LibUI ind rda |
Tipe Konten : | text |
Tipe Media : | unmediated ; computer |
Tipe Carrier : | volume ; online resource |
Deskripsi Fisik : | xxi, 157 pages : illustration ; 29 cm + appendix |
Naskah Ringkas : | |
Lembaga Pemilik : | Universitas Indonesia |
Lokasi : | Perpustakaan UI, Lantai 3 |
No. Panggil | No. Barkod | Ketersediaan |
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T34552 | 15-19-016164839 | TERSEDIA |
Ulasan: |
Tidak ada ulasan pada koleksi ini: 20342767 |