Latar belakang dan lingkup penelitian : Adanya pergeseran ekonomi dari basis manufaktur ke industri jasa telah menumbuhkan perhatian bahwa Gangguan Pendengaran Akibat Bising (GPAB) ditempat kerja dapat juga terjadi pada pekerja di stasiun televisi, yang mendapat pajanan bising terutama dari alat-alat pengeras suara dan alat-alat komunikasi (headphone/headset). Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui Peningkatan Ambang Dengar Sementara (PADS) yang merupakan prediktor teijadinya GPAB di masa mendatang, pada pekerja di stasiun TV dan faktor-faktor yang berhubungan serta untuk mengetahui rerata intensitas bising di lingkungan kerja stasiun TV.Metode Penelitian: Penelitian dilakukan pada bulan November 2009 sampai Februari 2010 dengan metode potong lintang, non komparatif, melibatkan 78 pekeija dari 882 populasi (50 pekelja administrasi yang beketja statis, tidak memakai headphone dan mendapat pajanan bising dari alat-alat kantor dengan intensitas < 85 dB, serta 28 pekeija produksi yang bekezja mobile, sebagian besar menggunakan headphone/headset dan mendapat pajanan bising 2 85 dB. Subyek dipilih secara acak sederhana, data didapat dari wawancara, pemeriksaan telinga, dan audiometri yang dilakukan sebelum dan segera sesudah bel-cezja serta 16 jam kemudian sesudah bebas pajanan bising. Data Lingkungan diukur dengan sound level meter, intensitas bising personal dibagian produksi diukur dengan noise dosimeter. Data dianalisis menggunakan SPSS versi 17.Hasil : Didapatkan prevalensi PADS sebesar 423% (33 orang) dimana 23 orang (82,1%) adalah pekerja bagian produksi dan 10 orang (20,0%) adalah pekeija administrasi. Urutan keterlibatan PADS terbanyak terdapat pada iiekuensi 4000 (93,9%), 8000(36,4%) dan 2000(27,3%) Hz. Median peningkatan pada nlasing-masing trekuensi adalah 10 dB. Rerata intensitas bising di bagian produksi 92,61 dB(ruang studio), 84,1dB(ruang audiovideo) dan 85,4 dB(ruang kontrol operator). Rerata intensitas di ruang administrasi sebesar 63,75 dB. Faktor-faktor yang berpengaruh seeara bermakna terhadap terjadinya PADS adalah dosis pajanan (0R=8,8; IK95%= 0,9-83,1), umur peke1ja(OR=7,5; IK95%=1,9-29,7) dan durasi pajanan (OR=-1,827; IK95% = 0,03-0,9).Kesimpulan: Studi ini menunjukkan bahwa dosis pajanan, umur pekerja dan durasi pajanan bising berhubungan secara bermakna dengan risiko teijadinya PADS pada pekeija stasiun TV. Pencegahan merupakan hal terpenting untuk meneegah PADS menjadi GPAB.
Background : With the economy shift from a manufacturing base to service industry in recent years, there has been growing concern that noiced-induced hearing loss (NIHL) may also effect workers employed at the television station who got noise exposure from amplifiers and communication devices (headphones/headsets). The aim of this study is to determine the temporary threshold shifts (TTS) which is regarded as the predictor of fixture development of NIHL, among the TV Station worker and its related factors. And also to identify the mean of noise intensity level in TV Station working environment. The data was analyzed using the l7"? version of SPSS.Methods : This study was carried out in Jakarta on November 2009 until February 2010. This was a non comparative cross - sectional study involving 78 workers of 882 population(50 of them were administrative worker, working static, not using headphone and had noise exposure from office equipment below 85 dB, and 28 were production worker who worked mobile, used headphone and had noise exposure above 85 dB from amplifiers and communication devices. Subjects were selected randomly. The data were obtained from interview using a special questionnaire, otoscopy, and an audiometric test for pre-work, post-work hearing threshold and 16 hours later, after free of noise exposure. Ambient noise levels were measured using sound level meter, personal noise intensity were measured using noise dosimeter.Results : The prevalence of TTS was 42,3%, consist of 23 subject (82,l%) from production worker and 10 subjects (20,0%) from an administrative worker. The most involved lrequence were 4000 Hz (3lsubject), 8000 Hz (12 subjects) and 2000 Hz (9 subjects), respectively. The median increase of the threshod at all iiequencies was 10 dB. The mean of noise intensity at the production room was 92,61 dBA (studio room), 84,1 dBA (audiovideo room) and 85,4 dBA (operator control room). The mean of noise intensity at the administrative room was 63,75 dB. Factors which were statistically significant were dose of exposure (OR = 8,8; IK95% = 0,9-83,l), age of worker (OR = 7,5; lK9S% = 1,9-29,7) and duration of exposure (OR=0,2; lK95%=0,03-0,9).Conclution : This study showed that dose of exposure, age of worker and duration of exposure were significantly correlated to Temporary Threshold Shift among the Television Station worker. The primary prevention is the most important thing to prevent 'ITS develops to Noise Induced Hearing Loss. |
