Skripsi ini membahas peran penggunaan gadget, aktivitas fisik dan asupan dengan kejadian overweight dan obesitas pada anak usia sekolah (7-12 tahun). Responden diambil dari SD Marsudirini Matraman, Jakarta Timur dengan data yang berasal dari siswa dengan pengisian food frequency questionnaire, physical activity questionnaire, dan wawancara 24h food recall. Perbedaan antar kelompok diuji dengan menggunakan uji chi-square dan uji ANOVA. Berdasarkan 263 responden, 52.1% merupakan siswa laki-laki. Prevalensi responden dengan berat badan normal, overweight, obesitas masing-masing sebesar 47.9%, 21.7%, dan 30.4%. Terdapat perbedaan bermakna antara kejadian obesitas dan overweight antara jenis kelamin dan umur (p < 0.05). Prevalensi obesitas dan overweight cenderung lebih besar pada anak laki-laki. Sementara tidak terdapat perbedaan yang signifikan antara status berat badan dengan penggunaan gadget, aktivitas fisik, kebiasaan konsumsi dan asupan makanan, kecuali asupan lemak (p = 0.018). Responden dengan overweight/obesitas memiliki rata-rata persentase asupan lemak lebih tinggi dibandingkan responden dengan berat badan normal. Serta sebagian besar anak menggunakan gadget < 2 jam setiap hari dan tidak cukup aktif dalam melakukan aktivitas fisik. Terdapat peningkatan risiko obesitas 1.57 kali dan risiko overweight 1.43 kali pada anakanak yang bermain gadget > 2 jam setiap hari.
The aim of this study was to describe gadget using, physical activity and dietary intake in normal weight, overweight and obese school-aged children (7-12 years old). Children were recruited from Marsudirini Matraman Elementary School, East Jakarta. All data were obtained by child report using food frequency questionnaire, physical activity questionnaire for older-children (PAQ-C) and 24h food recall interview. Principal component analysis used chi-square and one-way ANOVA to identify difference in each group. Among 263 participants, 52.1% were boys; the percentages of normal, overweight, obese were 47.9%, 21.7%, and 30.4%, respectively. These prevalence rates were greater in boys than girls and vary according to age (p < 0.05). There are no difference between gadget using duration and physical activity for normal, overweight, and obese. Moreover the difference between dietary intake and dietary habits were not significant, except for fat intake (p = 0.018). Obese and overweight children have higher average percentage in fat intake than normal weight children. Most of the children use their gadget not more than 2 hours each day and not active in physical activity. Children who spent more than 2 hours in playing gadget 1.57 times were more likely to be obese and 1.43 times become overweight. |
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