ABSTRAK
Penelitian ini membahas nilai Tina Ngata yang berarti perempuan kampung yang hidup di komunitas masyarakat hukum adat Kulawi di Kab. Sigi Provinsi Sulawesi Tengah. Penelitian dilakukan menggunakan metode kualitatif dengan pendekatan etnografi perspektif feminis. Proses pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan pengamatan langsung di lapangan, wawancara serta diskusi terfokus. Partisipan penelitian adalah perempuan sebagai Tina Ngata, ketua adat, tokoh agama, tokoh pemuda, organisasi non pemerintah dan komunitas secara umum. Dengan ekofeminis dan radikal kultural sebagai alat analisis, saya melakukan telaah pada tataran konsep filosofis dan simbolis nilai Tina Ngata, praktik-praktiknya di lapangan, termasuk pada bagaimana proses seorang perempuan menghantarkan diri menjadi Tina Ngata. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa nilai Tina Ngata pada ruang filosofis dan simbolis berakar dalam pada penghormatan terhadap kebertubuhan perempuan. Komunitas Kulawi mengkonstruksi pemikiran mereka atas tubuh perempuan yang dapat melahirkan generasi baru sebagai penerus silsilah keluarga. Atas dasar inipulah, mandat menjaga alam (Katuwua) dan hubungan keserasian dengan manusia (Hintuwu) ditautkan. Sementara pada tataran praktik di lapangan, ditemukan bahwa seorang perempuan dapat menjadi Tina Ngata tidak semata-mata karena kemampuanya bereproduksi. Namun syarat utamanya adalah kepemimpinan, kebijaksanaan, sensitivitas, talenta dan kharisma perempuan. Selama ini belum terjadi dialog di antara kedua ruang tersebut. Komunitas menempatkan kemampuan biologis perempuan pada tataran filosofis. Perempuan Tina Ngata menggunakan pranata nilai adat mereka untuk pengembangan kemampuan sosial dalam mewujudkan etika kepedulian untuk kelestarian alam agar mereka dapat survive dan keseimbangan ontologis terjadi.
ABSTRACT
This research discusses the value of Tina Ngata or literally means the women of village who live in one of the indigenous communities in the Central Sulawesi Province namely Kulawi which is located in the Sigi District Central Sulawesi Province The research was conducted using qualitative methods with feminist ethnographic perspective approach The process of data collection was done by direct observation interviews and focus group discussions Resource persons rsquo of the study were the Tina Ngata whom were the women that act as traditional leaders religious leaders youth leaders non governmental organizations and the community in general By using eco feminist and cultural radical rsquo s theories as an analytical tool I studied the philosophical concepts and the symbolic level of the value of Tina Ngata as well its real practices in the field In addition I also studied the process of how a woman struggles for being a Tina Ngata in their village The results showed that the value of Tina Ngata on the philosophical and symbolic level was established from the reverence of women rsquo s body or kebertubuhan perempuan Kulawi communities have constructed their thought that lead to high esteem of the women as human being who can give birth to a new generation that will become successor to and keep on the family lineage Based on that thought women are mandated to preserve nature Katuwua where they are responsible to link the nature and human being in such compatible and balanced relationship Hintuwu However as found the field a woman can be a Tina Ngata was not solely because of her ability to reproduce yet the main requirements are inter alia her leadership prudence sensibility talent charisma etc Both the philosophical and symbolic level and the real practices in the field somehow are in a gap and there is no extensive discourse about them Thus the community in general still put woman s biological ability in the philosophical and symbolic level while Tina Ngata themselves use adat institutions to develop their social skills in preserve environment so that they can survive and ontologis balancing is come Keywords Philosophical and symbolic space practice value kebertubuhan women Katuwua Hintuwu value leadership prudence sensibility talent charisma talent an ethic of care |
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