[ABSTRAK
Salah satu motif yang mendasari perilaku prososial adalah empati. Penelitian Pronin, Olivola, dan Kennedy (2007) memperlihatkan perbedaan perilaku prososial orang yaitu saat eksperimenter menggunakan bahasa abstrakpartisipan hanya sedikit menunjukkan rasa empati dan perilaku prososial pada kondisi present self, hal yang terjadi adalah sebaliknya saat eksperimentermenggunakan bahasa konkret. Ditemukan pula bahwa partisipan memilih jarak waktu yang lebih lama untuk mengerjakan aktivitas yang diminta dalam kuesionerdengan deskripsi abstrak (Liberman, Trope, McCrea, & Sherman, 2007). Penafsiran tingkat tinggi cenderung diungkapkan melalui penggunaan bahasayang lebih abstrak dibandingkan dengan penafsiran tingkat rendah oleh partisipan pada penelitian Fujita, Henderson, Eng, Trope dan Liberman (2006) yangmenggunakan Linguistic Categorization Model (LCM) untuk mengkodekan respon partisipannya. Ketiga penelitian ini menggunakan kerangka berpikir teorijenjang penafsiran dan jarak psikologis. Pada skripsi ini penulis ingin melakukan penelitian lanjutan dari penelitian Liberman, dkk (2007) dengan menambahkanjarak temporal sebagai variabel bebas kedua dan intensi prososial sebagai variabel terikatnya. Penulis menggunakan desain penelitian 2x2 Mixed Design ANOVAdan mengharapkan tingkat keabstrakan bahasa akan berinteraksi secara signifikasidengan jarak temporal dalam mempengaruhi intensi prososial. Hasilnya,interaksi antara tingkat keabstrakan bahasa dan jarak temporal tidak berdampak signifikanterhadap intensi prososial. Implikasi penelitian ini didiskusikan pada bagian akhir skripsi.ABSTRAK
One of the motives underlying prosocial behavior is empathy. Research from Pronin, Olivola, and Kennedy (2007) showed that there are differences inpeople prosocial behavior, which when experimenters used abstract languageparticipants only showed a few sense of empathy and prosocial behavior in thepresent self condition, and a contradictive result shown when they used a concretelanguage. It was found that participants choosen a longer time to do the activitiesrequested in the questionnaire with an abstract description (Liberman, Trope,McCrea, & Sherman, 2007). Furthermore, compared with low-level construals,high-level construals should be revealed through the use of more abstractlanguage (Fujita, Henderson, Eng, Trope and Liberman, 2006) which used theLinguistic Categorization Model (LCM) to encode participants response. Thosethree studies used construal level theory (CLT) and psychological distancetheoritical framework. In this thesis the author aims to conduct a follow up studyfrom Liberman, et al’s research (2007) by adding temporal distances as the secondindependent variable, and prosocial intentions as the dependent variable. Theauthor uses the 2x2 Mixed Design ANOVA and hypothesize that the participantslanguage abstractness level will interact with temporal distances in influencingprosocial intention. The result showed that interaction between languageabstractness level and temporal distance have no significant impact on prosocialintentions. Implications of this thesis are discussed., One of the motives underlying prosocial behavior is empathy. Researchfrom Pronin, Olivola, and Kennedy (2007) showed that there are differences inpeople prosocial behavior, which when experimenters used abstract languageparticipants only showed a few sense of empathy and prosocial behavior in thepresent self condition, and a contradictive result shown when they used a concretelanguage. It was found that participants choosen a longer time to do the activitiesrequested in the questionnaire with an abstract description (Liberman, Trope,McCrea, & Sherman, 2007). Furthermore, compared with low-level construals,high-level construals should be revealed through the use of more abstractlanguage (Fujita, Henderson, Eng, Trope and Liberman, 2006) which used theLinguistic Categorization Model (LCM) to encode participants response. Thosethree studies used construal level theory (CLT) and psychological distancetheoritical framework. In this thesis the author aims to conduct a follow up studyfrom Liberman, et al’s research (2007) by adding temporal distances as the secondindependent variable, and prosocial intentions as the dependent variable. Theauthor uses the 2x2 Mixed Design ANOVA and hypothesize that the participantslanguage abstractness level will interact with temporal distances in influencingprosocial intention. The result showed that interaction between languageabstractness level and temporal distance have no significant impact on prosocialintentions. Implications of this thesis are discussed.] |
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