ABSTRAK
Perkembangan anak merupakan sesuatu yang bersifat multidimensi dan terdiri atas area kognitif, bahasa, fungsi gerak, sosial emosional danperilaku adaptif, masing-masing memiliki nilai tersendiri namun salingberintegrasi. Dua metode stimulasi (Glenn Doman (GD) dan Kemenkes (K))dinilai kualitasnya dalam penelitian ini.Tujuan.Mengetahui pengaruh perbedaan stimulasi metode GD dan K terhadapskor perkembangan bayi usia 6-12 bulan.Metode.Penelitian kohort prospektif pada bayi normal.Skrining perkembanganawal dilakukan menggunakan alat ukur Denver.Pasca 3 bulan intervensi,perkembangan bayi dinilai menggunakan BSID edisi-III yang terlebih dahuludilakukan uji validitas dan reliabilitas.Kualitas stimulasi rumah di nilaimenggunakan alat ukur HOME.Hasil.Skor validitas dari BSID edisi-III adalah 0,964 (kognitif), 0,934 (bahasa),0,822 (gerak) dengan Cronbach Alpha sebesar 0,918 serta reliabilitas test-retest0,846. Subjek yang memenuhi kriteria sebanyak 88 orang, dengan jenis kelaminlaki-laki (61,4%), usia 9-12 bulan (68,2%), status gizi baik (75%). Perbedaanbermakna terdapat pada skor HOME dan semua aspek penilaian perkembanganBSID di kedua grup setelah masa intervensi 3 bulan (p<0,001). Skor grup GDlebih unggul 1 angka dibandingkan K pada skor HOME (p=0,024) and 32 angkalebih unggul pada skor BSID (p=0,002). Faktor jumlah anak bermakna secarastatistik memengaruhi perkembangan dengan risiko relative 3.13 (IK 95% 1.18-8.33, p=0,022).Simpulan.Instrumen BSID edisi-III versi Bahasa Indonesia merupakan alat ukuryang sahih dan andal untuk digunakan pada penelitian ini. Secara umum tidakterdapat perbedaan skor perkembangan bayi usia 6-12 bulan yang mendapatstimulasi metode GD dan K kecuali perkembangan perilaku adaptif.
ABSTRACT
Child development is multi-dimensional and encompasses cognitive, language, sensory-motor, social-emotional, adaptive behavior domains, all ofwhich are interdependent. Two stimulation interventions (Glenn Doman (GD) andKemenkes (K) methods) were conducted in this study.Aims.To investigate the difference in developmental aspects after interventionwith GD and K methods in infants age 6-12 months.Methods. This was a prospective cohort study in normal developmental infants.Developmental screening at enrollment used Denver instrument. Three monthspost intervention, the development was assessed with BSID III, in whichvalidation and reliability test were undertaken as first step. A modified version ofHOME inventory was used as edition to assess home environment.Results.The validity score of BSID-III was 0.964 (cognitive), 0.934 (language),0.822 (motor) with Cronbach alpha of 0.918 and a reliability test-retest of 0.846.There were 88 subjects fulfilled the criteria. Subject mostly were male (61.4%) 9-12 months old (68.2%), normal anthropometric status (75%). The results revealedsignificant differences in HOME score and all aspects of Bayley score in GD andK group after 3 months intervention period (p<0.001). The GD benefited 1 pointcompared with K group in HOME score (p=0.024) and 32 points in Bayley score(p=0.002). Number of children was the most influential factor in infants’development with a relative risk of 3.13 (CI95% 1.18-8.33, p=0.022).Conclusions.The Bahasa Indonesia version of BSID-III was a reliable and validtool for the assessment of this study. There was no difference in developmentalscore at age 6-12 months who had GD and K stimulation methods except foradaptive behavior scale. |
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